Climate

What is Climate?
• Characteristic condition of the atmosphere
near the Earth’s surface at a certain place.

• Long-term weather of an area (after at least

30 years of observation has been made).

• The two most important factors that

determine an area’s climate are air
temperature and precipitation.
 Climograph
• A climograph is a
graphical depiction of
the monthly
precipitation and
temperature conditions
for a selected place.
Precipitation is shown
by the bar graph. A line
graph depicts
temperature.
• Diurnal Temperature Range: The difference
between the highest and lowest temperatures
for the day.

• Annual Temperature range: The difference

between the highest and lowest temperatures
for the year.
 Tropical Equatorial Climate
• This is found in areas 5° N and S of the
Equator.

• It can also extend up to 10° N and S, especially

where the ITCZ influences areas.
 Location
• The greatest extent of the climate is ...
1. The lowlands of the Amazon
2. The Zaire or Congo basin
3. Malaysia
4. The East Indies
 Characteristics
• There is little variation in the length of the
daylight but hours of sunshine is reduced
because of persistent cloud cover.

• Temperatures remain high throughout the

year.

• Average monthly temperatures are 26°-27°C

and the annual temperature range is
approximately 2°C.
• The rainfall is well distributed throughout the
year and can range from 1540mm to 2500mm.

• The main type of rainfall is convectional, with

relief rainfall occurring on high mountainous
areas.

• Equatorial regions experience a Double

Maxima Rainfall Regime – two peak rainfall
periods (Around April to May and September
to October). There is more rainfall than other
times.
There are THREE factors that result in
the seemingly ‘low’ temperatures of
the climate

1. The Extensive cloud cover

2. Extensive lush vegetation which shades

temperatures...

3. And the excessive amounts of heavy rainfall.