A SUMMER TRANNIG

“400 KV GSS HERA PURA”

SESSION 2015-2019
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
RAHUL GARG (HOD) NANDINI KR.
YOGESH KUMAR (GUIDE) 15EMTEE030
CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 CLASSIFICATION OF SUB STATION
 MAIN EQUIPMENT AT GSS
 INCOMING AND OUT GONING LINE AT HERA PURA GSS
 BUS BAR
 ISOLATER
 INSULATOR
 CIRCUIT BRAKER
 POWER TRANSFORMER
 CONTROL ROOM
 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
 CURRENT TRANSFORMER
 RELAYS
 LIGHTNING ARRESTER
 BATEERY ROOM
INTRODUCTION
Substation serves as the source of energy
supply for the local areas of distribution in
which these are located
Their main functions are to receive energy
transmitted at the high voltage from the
generating station , reduce the voltage to
a value appropriate for local distribution
and provides facilities for switching .
CLASSIFICATION OF SUB
STATION
 CLASSIFICATION ON THE
BASIS OF NATURE OF DUTIES
 Step up or primary sub station
 Primary grid substation
 Step down or distribution sub
station
CLASSIFICATION ON
THE BASIS OF DESIGN
 Indoor type substation

 Outdoor type substation

400KV SUBSTATION
HEERAPURA , JAIPUR
400KV Substation is different from other substation
due to one & half scheme.
In this scheme additional one breaker (TIE)
Installed between TWO Feeder breaker MAIN.

At the fault occurred on feeder the MAIN and TIE

Breaker will be tripped and feeder supply will be
out of the circuit.
MAIN EQUIPMENT AT G.S.S
 AUTO TRANSFORMER 250MVA , 315MVA
 400KV BUS
 220KV CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
 220KV CTs
 220KV LAs
 400KV , 220KV , 33KV CIRCUIT BREAKER
 ISOLATORS
 BUS COUPLER AND SECTIONALIZERS
 POWER LINE COMMUNICATION Eq. (PLCC)
 DIFFERENT RELAY SCHEME FOR PROTECTION
INCOMMING LINES AT
HERAPURA G.SS 400KV
 BASSI - 1st
 BASSI - 2nd
 PHAGI - 1st
 PHAGI - 2nd
 HINDOUN
 HINDOUN - 2nd
 MERTA
 JAIPUR NORTH
OUTGOING LINES AT 400KV
HERA PURA G.SS
SANGANER
SEZ
KOTA THERMAL POWER
STATION (KTPS)
NALA POWER HOUSE (NPH)
BUS BAR
 Bus bar term is used for conductor carrying an electric
current to which many connection can be made.
 Bus bar means convenient means of switches and other
equipment in to various arrangement. ONE BUS is
usually called the “MAIN BUS” and the other are called
“AUXILIARY” OR Transfer bus.
 The bus bar is provided with lighting protection to
safeguard the equipment from direct stroke.
DIFFERENT ARRANGEMENT OF
BUSBAR
 SINGLE BUS BAR ARRANGEMENT
 SINGLE MAIN TRANSFER BUS SCHEME
 DOUBLE MAIN BUS BAR SCHEME
 DOUBLE MAIN AND TRANSFER BUS
BAR SCHEME
ISOLATORS
Isolators which are also called disconnect switches OR air
break switches . These switches are generally used on
both sides of equipment in order to repair and
replacement of equipment can be made without
danger .
Insulators are used
 Isolator without earth blade
 Isolator with each blade t
 Tendon isolator
ISOLATOR ARE CLASSIFED
 BUS ISOLATOR
 LINE ISOLATOR
 TRANSFER ISOLATING SWITCH
INSULATORS
 These are porcelain insulator that serve to
isolate the bus bar switches and other support
structures and to prevent leakage current from
flowing through the structure or to ground.
Properties of insulator
 High ratio of puncture strength to flash over
 High electrical resistance of insulator to avoid
leakage current to earth
 High relative permittivity of insulator
TYPES OF INSULATORS
 PIN TYPE INSULATOR
 SUSPENSION TYPE INSULATOR
 POST TYPE INSULATOR
 STRAIN TYPE INSULATOR
CIRCUIT BREAKER
 A circuit breaker is equipment . It can
open or close circuit under all condition
,no load ,full load a fault condition.
Circuit breaker is use to protect the
system from short circuit.
The Insulating fluid used for
circuit breaker
 Air at atmospheric pressure
 Compressed air
 Oil that provides hydrogen for arc
exciting
 Ultra high vacuum
 Sulphur hexafluoride(sf6)
POWER TRANSFORMER
 The transformer is a static device ,which receives
energy or power at it, one circuit and transmits it to
circuit without changing the frequency.
BASIC PARTS OF TRANSFORMER
 PRIMARY AND SECOUNDARY COIL
 CORE
 MAIN TANK
 CONSERVATOR
 BREATHER
 RADIATOR
 BUCHHOLZ RELAY
 EXPLOSIVE RELAY
 BUSHING
 COOLING FANS
 TAP CHANGER (ON LOAD AND OFF LOAD)
 NGR (NEUTRAL GROUNDING RESISTANCE TO
MINIMIZE THE EARTH FAULT CURRENT)
CONTROL ROOM
 Control panels contain meters , control switches and
recorder located in the control building also called
DOG HOUSE .
These are used to control the substation equipment, to
send power from one circuit to another or to open or
to shut down circuit when needed.
MEASURING INSTRUMENT USED
 ENERGY METER
 WATTMETER
 FREQUENCY METER
 VOLTMETER
POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
 A potential transformer (PT) is used to transform
high voltage of power line to a lower value, which is in
the range of an AC voltmeter or potential coil of an ac
voltmeter .
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
 These transformer are used with low range ammeter
to measure current is high voltage alternating current
circuit where it is not practically to connect
instruments and meters directly to line.
ACCURACY OF CT IS RELATED
TO NUMBER OF FACTORS
 BURDEN
 BURDEN CLASS OR SATURATION CLASS
 RATING FACTOR
 LOAD
 EXTERNAL ELECROMAGNETIC FIELDS
 TEMPERATURE
 PHYSICAL CONFIRGURATION
BATTERY ROOM
There is a battery sexton or battery room which has 55
battery of 2 volts each for 132 KV section and 110battery for
220KV/ 400KV section.
DC power available is for functioning of the control panels.
A BATTERY CHARGER TO CHARGE THE BATTERY
VARIOUS PARTS OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES
PLATES
CONTAINER
TERMINAL PORT
ELECTROLYTE
RELAY
 It is a electrical device to initiate isolation of a part of
an insulation or to operate an alarm signal , in the
event of an abnormal condition or fault.
USE OF RELAY IN DIFFERENT
PROTECTION SCHEME

 OVER LOAD AND EXTERNAL SHORT CIRCUIT

 TERMINAL FAULT
 WINDING FAULT
 INCIPIENT FAULT
 RELAY USED
 OVERCURRENT RELY
 DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
 FRAME LEAKAGE RELAY
 TRANSMISSION LINE PROTECTUON
 RELAY USED
 DIRECTION BACKUP RELAY
 DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
EARTHING SYSTEM
 The provision of an earthling system for electric
system is necessary by the following reasons
 In the event of over voltage, due lighting discharge
,these parts of equipment ,which are normally dead
,as for as voltage ,are concerned do not attain
dangerously high potential.
 In 3 phase circuit the neutral of the system is earth in
order to stabilize the potential of the circuit with
respect to earth.
LIGHTENING ARRESTERS
 A lightening is a surge diverter and is used for
protection of power system against the high voltage
surge .It connected between the line and earth and so
diverted the high voltage wave to the earth.
TYPES OF LIGHENTING
ARRESTER
 VALVE TYPE ARRESTER
 ELCTROLYTE ARRESTER
 THYRITE TYPE ARRESTER
 ROD GAP ARRESTER
THANK YOU