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www.escardio.org/guidelines
Hypertensive urgencies
Severe BP elevations (>180/110 mmHg) that are not immediately life
threatening but are associated with either symptoms (e.g. severe headache) or
moderate target organ damage
Hypertensive emergencies
BP is very high (>220/140 mmHg) & acute target organ damage or dysfunction
is present (e.g. HF, ALO, AMI, aortic aneurysm, ARF, major neurological changes,
hypertensive encephalopathy, papilloedema, cerebral infarction, haemorrhagic
stroke)
Mercury Sphygmomanometer Aneroid Sphygmomanometer Electronic Sphygmomanometer
Measurement of clinic BP
Measurement of clinic BP
BP measurement outside of the clinic
• 24 hour ABPM
• HBPM
Causes of secondary hypertension
Hipertensi Classification Examples of cause
Renal Renovascular disease, renal parenchymal diseases (e.g.
Polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, diabetic
95% : idiopatik/ esensial nephropathy), renin-producing tumors
Terapi medikamentosa
(pertimbangkan untuk tunda pada ps stage 1 tanpa komplikasi)*
Non Farmakologis
Pola hidup sehat
hipertensi derajat 1,
tanpa faktor resiko kardiovaskular
4-6 bulan
Penurunan berat badan (sayuran, buah-buahan)
Restriksi garam < 2 gr/hari
Olah raga, 30-60 menit per hari, minimal 3 kali per minggu
Kurangi konsumsi alkohol
Berhenti merokok
TD ≥ 140/90, dewasa >18 th
(usia >80 th) TD ≥150/90 atau ≥140/90 jika beresiko tinggi (DM, Penyakit Ginjal)