DEMOKRASI DAN TIK

FILSAFAT DAN ETIKA ADMINISTRASI

PERTEMUAN 11

DESY HARIYATI
“If you want to liberate a society, just
give them the Internet.”

“The Internet eradicates autocracy.”

(Ghonim, 2011)
 PROS

• The increased involvement of people in political debate is evident on

an even greater scale on social networking sites such as twitter and
Facebook. The internet allows for greater freedom of expression,
facilitating citizens' ability to challenge and criticise: A basic
democratic right.
• People, becoming more knowledgeable, can make informed decisions
on matters ranging from their family's healthcare to travel.
 THE CONCEPT OF PUBLIC SPHERE
• The "public sphere" is what Habermas called that part of public life where ordinary
people exchange information and opinions
• The problem with the public sphere during the past sixty years of broadcast
communications has been that a small number of people have wielded communication
technology to mold the public opinion of entire populations.
• The means of creating and distributing the kind of media content that could influence
public opinion — magazines, newspapers, radio and television stations — were too
expensive
• The PC and the Internet changed that. Desktop video, desktop radio, desktop
debates, digicam journalism, drastically reduced the barriers to publishing and
broadcasting. These technological capabilities have emerged only recently, and are
evolving rapidly.
 CONS

• The political power afforded to citizens by the web is not a technology issue.
• Technology makes a great democratization of publishing, journalism, public
discourse possible, but does not determine whether or not that potential will
be realized.
• Every computer connected to the net can publish a manifesto, broadcast audio
and video eyewitness reports of events in real time, host a virtual community
where people argue about those manifestos and broadcasts.
• Will people take advantage of this communication platform?
 CONS

• Grievances usually under authoritarianism don’t translate in to collective action

because : public sphere is sealed, individuals are kept unaware of their fellow
citizens attitude
• This modern 'open-data' approach is not straightforward. The government must
be in a position to guarantee where appropriate that online communications are
secure and that they do not violate people's privacy.
 THE DEBATE

“Facebook
Revolution”
e.g. Middle
East since 2010

“Increasing control
over citizen”
e.g. China, North
Korea
KEY FACTORS IN USING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEMOCRACY

technology needs to be built with, and not for

know the context and adapt it to the reality of

the problem, the country and the political system

Big data as the catalyst of future society

interactions. Transparency is just the first step
THE CONSEQUENCES OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY ON DEMOCRACY

the voting public is the need of

a mismatch of time exposed only to ultra- scientifically trained
scales brief slogans political decision
makers

TV and other the justified public

electronic media the mad rush for desire for all
make sure that most "transparency" freedoms guaranteed
voters never see the by a proper
real person (leader) democracy
THANK YOU!