THINGS WE ARE GOING TO

LEARN

Presented by: John Major Dalai

1. M.Sc. (Phy) at University of Hyderabad
2. UPSC CSE Thrice
3. OPSC CSE Twice
4. Cleared CAPF written twice also
5. Cleared AFCAT written 4 times also
6. Gained IAS teaching experience from many
IAS Institutions
7. Expert in UPSC Mains writing skill: content,
framing and representation
8. https://unacademy.com/user/johnmajordalai-
7634
● All UPSC Aspirants (Pre, Mains & Interview)
● All State PCS Aspirants (Pre, Mains &
Interview)
● SSC Aspirants
● All Defence Exams
● All other Govt Exams
● All ladies and gentlemen who have an
eagerness to know about our great defence
force.
MISSION SHAKTI
Anti-Satellite Missile to destroy the
enemy Missile
 Highlights
 India successfully conducted an Anti-Satellite (ASAT), named Mission
Shakti, becoming the 4th country in the world to demonstrate the
capability to shoot down satellites in orbit.

 So far, only USA, Russia and China have this prowess.

 The satellite downed in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) was Microsat-R, an

imaging satellite which was launched in Jan 2019 by a PSLV.

 India has developed ASAT as part of Ballistic Missile Development

(BMD) Programme.

 ASAT is a modified interceptor missile of BMD system.

 Test was conducted in Dr. Abdul Kalam Island complex or Wheeler

Island in Odisha.
 3

2 4

Detection with Radar

Separation with accuracy

5
1

Launch from BMD Hit and Kill

Launch pad
 What is Low Earth orbits (LEO) ?

 Normally at an altitude of less than 1000 km and could be as

low as 160 km above the Earth.
 Satellites in this circular orbit travel at a speed of around 7.8
km per second.
 satellites in LEO need a higher velocity than
Geostationary orbits.
 used for remote sensing, military purposes and for
human spaceflight as they offer close proximity to the
Earth’s surface for imaging and the short orbital periods allow
for rapid revisits.
 International Space Station is in low Earth orbit.
 Unlike GEOs, the LEO satellites appear travelling across the
sky from earth.
 A typical LEO satellite takes one and half hours(90
minutes) to orbit the Earth, which means that a single
satellite is “in view” of ground equipment for a only a few
minutes.
 Space Weaponisation and India
 India is a party to 1967 Outer Space treaty which bars nations from placing
weapons of mass destruction in space.

 India is officially committed to PAROS, or the Prevention of an Arms Race in

Outer Space.

 India is yet to formulate a credible official response to the Trump plan.

 India is yet to establish a credible space-command of its own. Shifting focus to space
would require diversion of resources from other wings.

 India may have to increase its defence budget to maintain deterrence in the new
race.

 India's inter-services rivalries will have to be resolved about the command and
control.

 The government needs to engage with multiple stakeholders directly about the role
space weapons will play in India’s grand strategy.
 History of Anti-Satellite Missile

 Anti-satellite s were a product of cold-war between USA and Russia.

 USA performed the first anti-satellite missile tests in 1959.

 China conducted anti-satellite missile test in 2007 by shooting down FY-

1C – a Chinese weather satellite.

 A year later USA launched ‘Operation Burnt Frost’ to intercept and

destroy a non-functioning US National Reconnaissance Office (NRO)
satellite named USA-193.

 Now India.
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