ENGLISH GRAMMAR

Lectured by:
Satria Agust, S.S., M.Pd.
Muhammad Candra, S.Pd., M.Ed.
Gatot Subroto, S.S., M.Pd.

Mobile: +62813 5736 5432

Email address: zuga21@ymail.com

(Meeting 2)
 LEARNING GRAMMAR USING “STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A”

What is “Stepping the 5 stairs A”?

“Stepping the 5 stairs A” is a teaching technique to teach

language learners grammar with fun and easily. The name
is so because the technique is like a two-floor house with
stairs inside of it. The focus of the technique is on the
processes of how the stairs will help the language learners
to produce English sentences grammatically correct.
 LEARNING GRAMMAR USING “STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A”

How to implement the technique?

It has some steps. They are:

1. Assigning students to form a group of 4 or 5;
2. Asking them to draw the 5 Stairs A completely;
3. Underlining and naming each part of a sentence
based upon each function of each stair correctly;
4. Place the underlined parts onto each stair by taking
a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly;
 LEARNING GRAMMAR USING “STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A”

How to implement the technique?

It has some steps. They are:

5. Writing the complete sentence down right under the
stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5;
6. In your group, exchanging your work to have peer
correction;
7. Revising your sentence based upon the other group’s
comment(s) (if available);
8. Coming front and writing the revised sentence down to
discuss with the other groups.
How does it look like?
 Let’s go to the 2nd step!

Drawing the 5 Stairs A completely

STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
Stair 5
Adverbs of M.P.T.
Stair 4
Pred. Adj.
Stair 3
Noun Phrase (NP) 2
Stair 2
Verb
Stair 1
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
How does it work in simple present tense?
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
1. Simple Present Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa UMRAH membaca banyak buku di perpus Dompak.

 Let’s go to the 3rd step!

Underlining and naming each part of a sentence

based upon each function of each stair correctly
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
1. Simple Present Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa UMRAH membaca banyak buku di perpus Dompak.

NP 1 Verb NP 2 Adv. P.
 Let’s go to the 4th step!

Placing the underlined parts onto each stair by taking

a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 in Dompak library.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
Him
skipped
James
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
many books really in America every day
happily on the table every …
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of usually
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam Seldom
I read low at a market Always
me
high on the right frequently
You You etc. etc. etc.
We us Verb
They them
UMRAH students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
 Let’s go to the 5th step!

Writing the complete sentence down right under the

stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 in Dompak library.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It skipped
James Him
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
many books really in America every day
happily on the table every …
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of usually
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam Seldom
I read low at a market Always
me
high on the right frequently
You You etc. etc. etc.
We us Verb
They them
UMRAH students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
2. How does it work in simple continuous tense?
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
2. Simple Continuous Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Kami lagi menggambar 5 anak tangga di kelas Pak Satria.

 Let’s go to the 3rd step!

Underlining and naming each part of a sentence

based upon each function of each stair correctly
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
2. Simple Continuous Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Kami lagi menggambar 5 anak tangga di kelas Pak Satria.

NP 1 Cop.+V-ing NP 2 Adv. P.
 Let’s go to the 4 th step!

Placing the underlined parts onto each stair by taking

a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2
She Her
in Mr Satria’s class.
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
James Him skipped
Susan Her

Singular Nouns
Pred. Adj.
Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
5 stairs really in America
NP 1 NP 2 happily on the table
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of
I me fast from Batam
now
are drawing low
high
at a market
on the right
NP 1 NP 2 etc. etc.
You You
Copula + V-ing
We us We
They them
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
Plural Nouns
 Let’s go to the 5 th step!

Writing the complete sentence down right under the

stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2
She Her
in Mr Satria’s class.
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
James Him skipped
Susan Her

Singular Nouns
Pred. Adj.
Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
5 stairs really in America
NP 1 NP 2 happily on the table
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of
I me fast from Batam
now
are drawing low at a market
high on the right
NP 1 NP 2 etc. etc.
You You
Copula + V-ing
We us We
They them
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
Plural Nouns
3. How does it work in simple past tense?
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
3. Simple Past Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs
A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa biologi mengambil sampel penelitian 3 hari yang lalu.

 Let’s go to the 3rd step!

Underlining and naming each part of a sentence

based upon each function of each stair correctly
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
3. Simple Past Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa biologi mengambil sampel penelitian 3 hari yang lalu.

NP 1 Verb NP 2 Adv. T.
 Let’s go to the 4 th step!

Placing the underlined parts onto each stair by taking

a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 3 days ago.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
Him
skipped
James
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
research sample really in America
happily on the table
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam
I took low at a market
me
high on the right
You You etc. etc.
We us Verb Ø
They them
Biology students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
 Let’s go to the 5th step!

Writing the complete sentence down right under the

stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 3 days ago.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It skipped
James Him
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
research samples really in America
happily on the table
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam
I took low at a market
me
high on the right
You You etc. etc.
We us Verb-ed/2
They them
Biology students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
4. How does it work in simple present perfect tense?
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
4. Simple Present Perfect Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Arisa sudah mencuci bajunya selama 4 jam di kostnya.

 Let’s go to the 3rd step!

Underlining and naming each part of a sentence

based upon each function of each stair correctly
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
4. Simple Present Perfect Tense
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Arisa sudah mencuci bajunya selama 4 jam di kostnya.

NP 1 Verb NP 2 Adv. T. Adv. P.
 Let’s go to the 4th step!

Placing the underlined parts onto each stair by taking

a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
in her boarding house
NP 1 NP 2 for 4 hours.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
Him
skipped
James
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
her dirty clothes really in America for 3 days
happily on the table For.…
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of recently
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam Always
I has washed low at a market often
me
high on the right currently
You You etc. etc. etc.
We us Auxil + V-en/3
They them
Arisa
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
 Let’s go to the 5th step!

Writing the complete sentence down right under the

stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
in her boarding house
NP 1 NP 2 for 4 hours.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It skipped
James Him
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
her dirty clothes really in America for 3 days
happily on the table For.…
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of recently
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam Always
I has washed low at a market often
me
high on the right currently
You You etc. etc. etc.
We us Verb Ø
They them
Arisa
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
5. How does it work in modal auxiliaries?
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
5. Simple Modal Auxiliaries
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa Bahasa Inggris boleh membawa kamus Inggris di kelasnya.

 Let’s go to the 3rd step!

Underlining and naming each part of a sentence

based upon each function of each stair correctly
 ENGLISH GRAMMAR
5. Simple Auxiliaries
Positive (Stepping the 5 Stairs A)

For instance:
You have an Indonesian sentence below.

Mahasiswa Bahasa Inggris boleh membuka kamus Inggris di kelasnya.

NP 1 Verb NP 2 Adv. P.
 Let’s go to the 4th step!

Placing the underlined parts onto each stair by taking

a look at the supplementary details on the left or the
right sides correctly
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 in their class.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It
Him
skipped
James
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
an English dictionary really in America next week
happily on the table Tomorrow
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of etc.
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam
I may open low at a market
me
high on the right
You You etc. etc.
We us Modal + Verb Ø
They them
English students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
 Let’s go to the 5th step!

Writing the complete sentence down right under the

stairs by stepping the stair 1 through stair 5
 STEPPING THE 5 STAIRS A
NP 1 NP 2 in their class.
She Her
He Him Adverbs of M.P.T.
It It skipped
James Him
Susan Her
Pred. Adj.
Singular Nouns Manner (M): Place (P): Time (T):
an English dictionary really in America next week
happily on the table Tomorrow
Noun Phrase (NP) 2 easily in front of etc.
NP 1 NP 2 fast from Batam
I may open low at a market
me
high on the right
You You etc. etc.
We us Modal + Verb Ø
They them
English students
Plural Nouns
Noun Phrase (NP) 1
 What do you think?

If you need a repetition, go back to the previous

slides based upon your need.

After that we are going to have some fun with some

exercises. Cheers.
Exercise 2
Instructions:
 Work on these 5 Indonesian sentences into correct positive English
sentences!
 Use your “Stepping the 5 Stairs A” which you have already drown as the
templates!
 Follow each step of “Stepping the 5 Stairs A” very carefully!
 Good luck!
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