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HISTORICAL RESEARCH

“Kalau nak
menurut biar
berakal,kalau
mengikut biar
pintar”

• Nurul Najihah Binti Mohamed Yusof


• Noor Azalia Doon Bt Yusop
• A qualitative technique
• Studies meaning of past events :-
oInterpret the facts
oExplain the cause of events
oExplain its effect in the present events

• Not used to control or manipulate variables


• Rely heavily on primary historical data (e.g
direct accounts of events, archival data – official
documents, personal records & records of
eyewitnesses)
Process of Historical Research
• Similar to other research
methods
• Does not manipulate the
variables
• Objectively evaluate past
events to understand what,
where, when, why and how
an event occurred.
Examples of Historical Research
Historical Developments of Financial Rights After Divorce in the Malaysian Islamic Family
Law

This study (Muslihah & Najibah, 2009) reviewed the historical development of financial rights
after divorce applicable among the Muslims in the pre- and post- colonial periods (15th and
16th century). The researchers concluded that the welfare of the divorced women was taken
care of since the codification of Islamic law and its implementation in Malay society.
Atrocities at Sea and the Treatment of Prisoners of War by the Parliamentary Navy in
Ireland

The researcher (Murphy, 2010) of this historical research provided a detailed analysis of the
atrocities that occurred and the treatment of prisoners taken in the seas around Ireland during
the war of the three kingdoms. In particular, this article examines the effect exerted by the
threat of retaliatory executions of English seamen held in tows such as Wexford and Waterford
on forcing parliament and its naval commanders to moderate their actions.
Data Collection for Historical Research
• Literature review is significant in historical research – main procedure.
• Conducted in a more in-depth manner : identification, reference & evaluation of the
truth.

• Written materials – formal documents (journal articles & research reports), personal
records, minutes of meetings, letters, receipts and invoices.
• Recorded materials – video recordings, cassettes, photographic materials & voice
recordings

• Primary information : Original documents and reports from the participants themselves
or direct observation of an event as it occurred.

• Secondary information : Reports from other parties (friends, neighbours, relatives) who
are closely connected to the participants or observers of an event.
Presentation of Historical Data
Historical
Time

Relationship of the
events –
associated with
other variables;
• Social influence
• Culture
• Development
• Achievement etc
Example : Efforts To Fuse ICT Into The Malaysia Education
Historical
Space

• Highlighting
important
events during
certain
timeline in
different
places on a
map.

An example of historical data presented in historical time and space


Contents of Historical Research
Al - Maunah
• Could be carried out on :-
1) An individual
2) A group of people
3) The history of an organisation or a place

• Studies current and past events Old Malacca


• Present the characteristics & meaning of the events
• Related to various field of studies – anthropology, sociology,
psychology, architecture, linguistics, sociology, philosophy &
geology
• Mainly using qualitative data collection methods
• Data – illustrated in table form

Tok Janggut
Example : Example of tabulated chronology of events in MH370’s disappearance
Sources of Historical Data
• Live Data : Data on Tun
Abdul Razak could be
extracted from his son
Sources
i.e Mohd Najib Abd
Razak.

• Recorded Data: Data


Recorded
on events such as Live Data
Data
History of Mahsuri can
be obtained from the
museum.
People
Libraries,
Online Data related to
Museums
the subject
Online Historical Research Sources
• Through online search, online research centres, online
journals, online articles and newspaper.

The Asian
World History The Historical
Culture and
Research Paper Journal
History Journal
Journal
American
of the Environmental
Historical
World Review
History
Society

Health
The History Historical
and
Teacher Society
History

Society Journal of
Labour Industrial American
History Archaeology History

Law World
History History
Review Connected
Handling Historical Data

According to According to According to Based on


Objectives of Chronological Geographical Importance of
Subtopics of Study Order Order Events That Occur
Analysing, Synthesising and Discussing
Results
Time Period
Knowledge and between
Motive of Consistency
Efficiency of Recording and
Author The Actual Author of Data
Event
THE END. THANK YOU

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