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Chapter 4
FULL-WAVE RECTIFIERS
(converting ac to dc)
Prepared by:-
Khairul Affendi Rosli, Msc
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FULL-WAVE RECTIFIERS
INTRODUCTION
SINGLE-PHASE FULL-WAVE RECTIFIERS
CONTROLLED FULL-WAVE RECTIFIERS
EXERCISE
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INTRODUCTION
Objective of a FWR:
• converting ac into a voltage or current that is purely dc or
has some specified dc component.
Advantages of FWR:
• The average current in the ac source is zero in the full-wave
rectifier, thus avoiding problems associated with nonzero
average source currents, particularly in transformers.
• The output of the full-wave rectifier has inherently less
ripple than the half-wave rectifier.
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Figure 4.1 pg 112
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Figure 4.1 pg 112
Notes:
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Figure 4.2 pg 113
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Figure 4.1(b) pg 115
R LOAD
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Figure 4.3a pg 116
R-L LOAD
vo t Vo
n 2,4...
Vn cos n0 t
2Vm
where Vo
2Vm 1 1
Vn
n 1 n 1
and
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Figure 4.3b-c
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Example 4.1: FWR with R-L LOAD
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Solution Example 4.1: FWR with R-L LOAD
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Figure 4.5
R-L-SOURCE LOAD
VOLTAGE DOUBLERS
Notes
• Circuit (a) serves as simple voltage doubler
Vo is twice the Vs peak.
• +ve supply C1 charges to Vm through
D1. -ve supply C2 charges to Vm
through D2. Thus Vo = sum of capacitors
C1,C2 voltages = 2Vm.
• Advantage of voltage doubler(V/Do.):-
This circuit avoid using a transformer
to step up its voltage saving expense,
volume and weight.
• Circuit (b) comes with capacitance output
filter.
• When switch open: circuit acts as
FWR output approximately Vm when C
large.
• When switch closed: circuit acts as
V/Do.+ve supply: C1 charges to Vm
through D1, -ve supply C2 charges to Vm
through D4. Vo = 2Vm. Diodes D1,D3
remains reverse biased in this mode.
• Application: 120V to 240V traveller AC
adaptor system. (UK system US)
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Figure 4.8 pg 127
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Figure 4.9a
PSpice
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Figure 4.9b
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Figure 4.10 pg 131
1 Vm
Vo Vm sin t d t
1 cos
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CONTROLLED FULL-WAVE RECTIFIERS
1 V
Vo Vm sin t d t m 1 cos
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Figure 4.10a pg 132
• Power factor,
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Figure 4.11a
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Figure 4.11b
DISCONTINUOUS CURRENT
Vm
io (t) = sin(t ) sin( )e ( t )/
Z
for t
L L
where Z = R 2 + (L) 2 , = tan 1 , and =
R R
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Figure 4.11b-c
CONTINUOUS CURRENT
1 2Vm
Vo Vm sin t d t cos
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Figure 4.13
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Figure 4.14
2Vm
Vo cos
Pdc Io Vdc
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Figure 4.15
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EXERCISE #1
1. Design and label a full-wave controlled
bridge rectifier has an ac input of 240 V at
50 Hz and a 20 Ω load resistor. The firing
angle,α is 40°.
2. Determine the average current in the load,
the power absorbed by the load, the source
voltamperes and power factor.
• ANSWER:-
20 Ω
Vs=240V
f= 50Hz
S1,S2,S3,S4 = SCR
α = 40°
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EXERCISE #2
A controlled full-wave bridge rectifier of
Fig. 4-11a has a source of 120 V rms at
60Hz, R =10Ω, L =20 mH, and α=60°.
Determine
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