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Acids and bases play an important role in our lives. Acids have a sour taste, turn litmus paper red, and conduct electricity in water, while bases have a bitter taste, turn litmus paper blue, and feel soapy. Common acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. Common bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. While the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases in terms of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in water helped explain their properties, it has limitations and cannot account for all acids and bases.
Исходное описание:
An overview of acid, bases and Arrhenius concept of acids and bases
Acids and bases play an important role in our lives. Acids have a sour taste, turn litmus paper red, and conduct electricity in water, while bases have a bitter taste, turn litmus paper blue, and feel soapy. Common acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. Common bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. While the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases in terms of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in water helped explain their properties, it has limitations and cannot account for all acids and bases.
Acids and bases play an important role in our lives. Acids have a sour taste, turn litmus paper red, and conduct electricity in water, while bases have a bitter taste, turn litmus paper blue, and feel soapy. Common acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. Common bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. While the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases in terms of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in water helped explain their properties, it has limitations and cannot account for all acids and bases.
bases in our every aspects of life. ACIDS AND BASES Acids Bases • `The word acid is derived from • A base is any metal oxide or Latin words “acidus”. hydroxide that react with an acid to produce salt and water. • Acids have sour taste. • Bases have bitter taste and • It turn blue litmus paper red. feel soapy. • It changes the colour of acid- • It turns red litmus paper blue. base indicators. • It changes the colour of acid • Aq. solution of acids conduct bases indicators. electric current and are very • Strong bases are corrosive and corrosive (destroy fabric and conduct electricity when cause burns on the skin) dissolve in water. Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases
• A Swedish chemist in 1884 explained the
aqueous solutions of acids and bases can conduct electric current by producing ions in aqueous solution. • An acids is a chemical substance that dissociates in aqueous solution to give (H+) hydrogen ions. • HCl H+ + Cl- • A base is a chemical substance that dissociates in aqueous solution to give hyroxyl ions (OH-) • NaOH Na+ + OH- Some common Acids and their uses Name Formula Common use
Hydrochloric Acid HCl Cleaning of metals , ricks and removing
scales from boilers
Nitric Acid HNO3 Manufacturing of fertilizers, explosives
Sulphuric acid H2SO4 Manufacturing of many chemicals, drugs,
dyes, paints and explosives.
Phosphoric acid H3PO4 Manufacturing of fertilizers, acidulant for
food. Common uses of bases Name Formula Common name
Sodium hydroxide NaOH Soap making, drain cleaners
Potassium hydroxide KOH Making liquid soap, shaving cream
Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Making mortar, plaster, cement
Magnesium hydoxide Mg(OH)2 Anacids, laxative
Limitations Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases The limitations of this concept are: i. It is limited to aqueous medium only. ii. It is limited to hydrogen ion (H+) only and bases are limited to hydroxide ions. iii. It cannot explain the acidic nature of CO2 and SO2 and also the basic nature of NH3