ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

FOR THE
LAYING OF CONVEYING MAIN TO CREEK OF
BUCKINGHAM CANAL FOR THE DISCHARGE OF
TREATED SEWAGE FROM THE PROPOSED
CONSTRUCTION OF 6 MLD STP AT
S.NO: 45/1 OF NAVALUR VILLAGE, TIRUPORUR TALUK,
KANCHEEPURAM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU
DONE BY,
ARUMUGA DURAI.T (2018264027)
GOKULA KRISHNAN.P (2018264029)
JAYAPRAKASAM.J (2018264031)
MAHESHWAR.R (2018264034)
MANIKANDAN.V (2018264035)
PRASANTH.A (2018264037)
 INTRODUCTION

Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) spread over an area of 1189 sq.km.

The city population as per the 2011 census was about 4.681 million and that of the
Chennai Metropolitan area was 8.917 million.
Chennai Metropolitan Water supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) is the
authorized agency to provide water supply and sewerage - facilities to some of the
Local Bodies around Chennai in the CMA and all the areas within Chennai
corporation limit.
. CMWSSB covered of providing water supply and sewerage infrastructures to the
entire city since its formation in 1978.
 SEWERAGE SYSTEM OF CHENNAI

The Sewerage System for Chennai City has been divided into 5 drainage zones.
These zones of macro systems covering the entire city have independent
zonal collections conveyance, treatment and disposal facilities.
There are 12 plants in Chennai city having a total treatment capacity of 732 MLD.
AVAILABILITY OF TREATED EFFLUENT
WITH STP DETAILS
S.NO LOCATION CAPACITY (MLD)
1. Kodungaiyur STP Zone - I 80

2. Kodungaiyur STP Zone - II 80

3. Kodungaiyur (new) STP Zone - I & II 110
4. Villivakam STP Zone - II 5

5. Koyambedu STP Zone - III 34

6. Koyambedu (new) STP Zone - III 60
7. Koyambedu STP Zone – III 120

8. Nesapakkam STP Zone - IV 23

9. Nesapakkam (new) STP Zone - IV 40

10. Nesapakkam STP Zone - IV 54

11. Perungudi STP Zone - V 60

12. Perungudi STP Zone - V 54

13. Alandur 12

TOTAL CAPACITY 732

 NEED FOR THE STUDY

Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) plans to

reuse the sewage generated in the city for industrial use thereby reducing the fresh
water consumption by the industries operating in the vicinity of the Chennai
metropolitan area as there is no alternative reliable source of fresh water adjacent
to the city and also to ensure a sustainable water source to the industry.
NEED FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT STUDY

Rapid urbanization has resulted in a significant impact on the environment. All the
concerned authorities have realized that development cannot be sustained unless
the environment is protected.
Therefore, most of the governments in the world have made it mandatory for
project developers to carryout Environmental Assessment (EA) of their
development project(s) and prepare Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) so
that the environmental quality is protected.
The proposed project of providing Sewage Treatment Plant falls under E2
category of the Environmental and Social Management Framework of TNSUDP
and hence environmental assessment is to be carried out, and necessary
management measures are to be prepared for implementation.
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

To assess the effect on Land, Air, Water and Noise environment and measures
proposed and to take mitigation measure for any adverse effects.
To assess impact on wildlife (including birds) habitat in project area, if any;
Assessment of impact on flora and fauna which would possibly be affected by the
project and to suggest plans for their conservation.
To collect available water quality data; observe and analyze water quality at the
project area and to collect information on known pollution sources in the area
To evaluate the impact of the project on public health, quality of life etc. during
construction and after commissioning of the project.
Contd…
To assess impact on human settlements in project area, if any. To assess impact of
project on existing and proposed infrastructure including roads and to identify
measures for overcoming the same.
Analysis of Census data for demographic profile.
Preparation of environmental monitoring plan for construction and operational
phases.
Identifying mitigatory measures.
Preparation of sound Environment Management plan (EMP) outlining additional
control technologies to be adopted for mitigation of adverse impacts, if any.
 STUDY AREA
Sewage Treatment Plant site:

The EIA study encompasses the area within 10 km radius of the proposed Sewage
Treatment Plant project.
For the preparation of EIA report for the Sewage Treatment Plant, the baseline
data was collected during the period of May - July 2015.
The micro climatic parameters were recorded using automatic weather monitoring
station for the study period.
Wind speed, wind direction and relative humidity were recorded on hourly basis.
Minimum & Maximum temperatures were also recorded during the study period.
Conveying Main:

The conveying main will be laid to the Creek of Buckingham Canal with an 800
mm dia CI pipeline and adequate length to discharge treated sewage by pumping.
Moreover the proposed conveying main will be laid below ground level hence
there will be no disturbance to the existing overhead electric lines.
The conveying main will be laid in such a manner that there won’t be any
possibility of cross connection either with the sewer line or water line.
COMPONENTS OF THE STUDY

Air Environment
The description of the existing air environment in and around the proposed project
site is based on actual monitoring during the month of May to July 2015.
The concentrations of important air pollutants like PM10 , PM2.5, SO2 and NOx
at the study area are well within the permissible limits prescribed by Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

Noise Environment
The baseline noise levels in and around 10 km radius of the proposed Project Site
were established as per the Noise Pollution Level (Regulation and Control) Rules,
2000 in line with the Ambient Air Quality monitoring stations.
Water Environment
The baseline water environment in and around 10 km radius of the proposed Project Site
were established in line with the ISO 19001 Standards.
There is no major river system in the 10 Km radius of the Project Site. Creek of
Buckingham canal is at a distance of 300 m away from the project site boundary.
Discharge of treated water into creek of Buckingham Canal requires CRZ clearance.

Land Environment

Soil samples were collected from the project site, not only at its immediate
vicinity but also in the surrounding villages in the study area.
 Physico-chemical properties of the soils were determined; information on land
use pattern in the study area was also collected.
The proposed STP site is located in the Urbanisable Use Zone as per MLPA
land use plan.
Ecosystem
Information on eco-system within the study area was collected from the State
Agricultural and Forest departments.
A physical survey was also undertaken to validate the correctness of the data
collected.

Socio-Economic Environment and Occupational Health

A field survey was conducted within study area of the site and the surrounding
impact zone.
The parameters selected under socio-economic component were demographic
structure of the study area, provision of basic amenities, industries likely to come
up in the study area, welfare facilities by the project proponent, safety training and
management, community and occupational health hazards.
Relevant information was collected from selected villages and analysed.
As adequate protective measures for pollution abatement will be taken, as
described earlier, no occupational health problems are envisaged.
However, periodic monitoring for prompt detection of any problem in this regard
will be regularly carried out and addressed.
 Periodical checks for workers and staff will be carried out to detect for any,
occupational health problems and corrective measures will be taken promptly.
Besides, in order to reduce occurrence of epidemics like Malaria, Dengue Fever
etc., and fumigation practices will be adopted, as necessary, in the area.
Publicity campaigns and medical camps will also be organized in nearby villages
to create awareness about the importance of hygiene and cleanliness for
preventing occurrence of epidemic diseases.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
PROJECT BACKGROUND
Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) planned to
reduce the fresh water consumption of industries by reusing the sewage generated
in the city.
CMWSSB intends to construct a Sewage Treatment Plant of 6 MLD capacity at
Navalur.
The Sewage Treatment Plant at Navalur is located on the southern periphery of
Chennai.
The sewage collected in IT Corridor OMR of South Chennai and part of Chennai
will be treat as per norms prescribed by Pollution Control Board for sewage
treatment plants viz., 6 MLD plant and the effluent will be discharged into Creek
of Buckingham Canal.
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS AND SALIENT
FEATURES OF PROJECT SITE
SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE PROJECT SITE
TOPO MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE
DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE PROJECT SITE
ROAD NETWORK MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE
LAND USE OF THE PROJECT SITE
 PROJECT COST
• The total project cost is estimated as Rs. 650 Lakhs is shown in Table
2.2.
 ROAD CONNECTIVITY
• The proposed project site is been well connected with road ways. The project site
is situated along East direction on Rajiv Gandhi Salai IT Expressway - Old
Mahabalipuram Road (OMR) at distance of 0.37 km from the proposed site.
Local Connectivity of the Project Site
 MANPOWER
During Construction phase, 100 persons will be employed in peak period and an
average of 50 persons in normal period.
The STP will have skilled and unskilled employees for its three shift operation.
Table 2.3 shows the total manpower requirement for the STP.
S.NO. DESCRIPTION NOS

1 Plant operator 3
2 Lab chemist 1
3 Lab assistant 1
4 Watchman/helper 1
5 Gardener/farm assistant 1
TOTAL 7
OVERALL LINKAGES TO STP
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
TREATMENT OF SEWAGE & DISPOSAL
1. SITE SELECTION
A site adjoining Creek of Buckingham Canal in Navalur and measuring 1.11 Ha in
S.No.45/1 is identified by CMWSSB for locating the treatment plant.
2. SELECTION OF TREATMENT PROCESS
The Activated Sludge Process (ASP) sewage treatment process is selected as a major
process unit for the Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant.
 The sewage will be received from the abutting developments such as Industries/ IT
firms, Educational Institutions in the following villages only along IT Corridor:
 Sholinganallur (Part)
 Semmenchery
 Navalur
 Egatoor
 Kazhipattur (Part)
3. RECEIVING OF SEWAGE
Raw Sewage will be received through sewage pumping main(s) from the Pump
Stations.
4. PROCESS DESCRIPTION
The sewage treatment plant is based on conventional activated sludge process with
primary and secondary treatment and anaerobic sludge digestion according to
the CPHEEO. The removal of oil & grease will be achieved in various stages of
the treatment.
INLET CHAMBER
An Inlet chamber provided to receive the raw Sewage from the pumping stations.
An overflow weir is provided to the bypass channel to balancing tank, which
receives raw sewage during peak flow.
This sewage will be pumped back into the inlet chamber for treatment during lean
flow.
SCREEN CHAMBER
The size of Screen Chamber is 6m x 1 m x 2 m.
The sewage is subjected to screening in the bar screens so that the coarse material
will be screened and the choked screen will be cleaned manually and mechanically
at regular interval.
DETRITUS TANK
The flow from the screen chambers shall be allowed into the detritus tanks for
removal of grit/inorganic matter.
Two No’s Detritus Tanks each of size 2.5 m x 2.5 m x 1.0 m LD shall be provided.
 The detritus tanks shall be equipped with scraper mechanism for collecting and
scraping the grit.
 The grit classifier shall lift the grit from the detritus tanks and drop it to the wheel
barrow, kept at the ground level.
PRIMARY CLARIFIER
Primary Clarifiers (Two nos.), each of size 15 m dia x 3.5 m shall be
provided.
The primary clarifier shall be in circular in shape and of radial flow type.
The flow shall be received from the distribution chamber at the bottom and
flow through the opening at the top, radially towards the periphery.
The sludge which shall be settling on the floor of the clarifier shall be
scrapped to the central pit.
A scum box shall be provided to collect the surface scum swept by the surface
skimmer.
AERATION TANK
The activated sludge process consisting of aeration tank (One no) 2 compartments
with fixed type diffused aerators for the secondary treatment.
The size of each compartment is 15 m x 15 m x 3.6 m to receive an average flow
of 6 MLD plus return sludge shall be provided.
The capacity, size and design of the aeration tank are based on the following
criteria:
Average Flow 6 MLD
Inlet BOD 245 mg/L
F/M Ratio 0.4
MLSS 3500 mg/L
MLVSS/MLSS 0.8
 The sewage free from coarse and grit particles shall be aerated with the help of
Diffused aerators to maintain about 1.5 mg/L of DO.
SECONDARY CLARIFIER
Secondary clarifiers (Two Nos.), each of size 16 m dia x 3.5 m shall be provided.
Each secondary clarifier shall be designed for a capacity of 4.5 MLD average
flows.
The mixed liquor shall enter the Secondary clarifiers where the aerated sludge
settles down and scrapped to the centre by a central driven mechanical scraper
mechanism.
SLUDGE RECIRCULATION SUMP
One No. sludge recirculation sump of size 5.5 m dia x 3.5 m shall be provided to
receive the secondary bio sludge from the secondary clarifiers.
The recycle bio sludge shall be pumped to the distribution chamber of Aeration
Tank.
The flow of recycle sludge to aeration tank shall be measured with the help of a
flow indicator.
The excess sludge shall be sent to the inlet chamber of Sludge thickener.
LEGAL, POLICY & ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORK
This section reviews the policies, regulations and administrative framework within
which the project is to be implemented.
The review includes the Environmental and Social framework of TNUIFSL,
operational policies / directions of the World Bank and sector- specific environmental
policies and regulations of the Govt. of India and Govt. of Tamilnadu.
The Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1974
These laws seek to control pollution of water and enhance the quality of water.
Under this law, it is mandatory to obtain Consent to Establishment for the proposed
plant and the effluent to be treated to meet the discharge standards of inland surface
water and discharged as per the standards stipulated by TNPCB before discharge into
the Canal or on land for irrigation and pay consent fees as stipulated for local bodies
viz., Town Panchayat, Municipality, Corporation which are causing water pollution.
The Air (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1981 amended in 1987
This Act provides prevention, control and abatement of air pollution.
With a framework similar to the Water Act, the Air Act gave the central and State
Board’s authority to issue consents to industries operating within the designated
air pollution control areas.

The Environment Protection Act 1986, & Notifications

In order to create national environmental legislation, the EPA articulates a policy
for environmental protection covering air, water and land and provide a
framework for Central Government to coordinate between Central and State
Authorities established under various laws, including the Water Act and Air Act.
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) (Amendment) Rules, 2002

 In order to curb the growing problems of noise pollution, the government of India
has enacted the noise pollution rules 2000 that includes the following main
provisions:
The state government may categorize the areas as industrial or commercial or
residential.
The Ambient air quality Standards in respect of Noise for different areas has been
specified.
The State government shall take measures for abatement of noise including noise
emanating from vehicular movement and ensure that the existing noise levels do
not exceed the ambient air quality standards specified under these rules.
Areas not less than 100 m around Hospitals, Educational institutions and Court is
declared as silence area under these rules.
A person found violating the provisions as to the maximum noise permissible in
any particular area shall be liable to be punished for it, under the provision of these
rules and any other law in force.
Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification, 2011

• This notification under Environment (Protection) Act declaring certain zones as

CRZ and regulates activities in these zones and also Govt of TamilNadu issued
orders regulating development within 500 mts from the high water mark.
• The HTL of Buckingham Canal Creek is situated at a distance of 2 Kms from the
project site and this comes under CRZ-II as per CRZ notification2011.
• So the conveying main to discharge of treated water into Creek of Buckingham
Canal requires CRZ clearance.
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS
Environmental Impact can be defined as “any alteration of environmental
conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or
beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration”.
The proposed project activities would create impact on the environment in two
distinct phases i.e., construction and operation phases. Impacts are identified,
predicted and evaluated based on the analysis of the information collected from
following:
• Project information and
• Baseline information and site visits of the study area.
 IDENTIFICATION OF LIKELY IMPACTS
Every activity and operation has either adverse or beneficial impacts on the
environmental. The environmental impact identification has been done based on
proposed project activities.
 IMPACTS IDENTIFIED
Based on activity - impact interaction matrix for construction and operation phase of
the proposed project. following impacts have been identified:
Construction phase of proposed project
Operation phase of the project would have likely impacts
would have impacts on the followings:
on the followings:
• Topography, Land use pattern and Landscape
• Land / Soil Environment • Air Quality

• Surface / Ground Water Resources • Water Quality

• Water Quality • Ground water Resources & Surface water Resources

• Ambient Air Quality • Land and Soil Quality
• Ambient Noise Quality • Noise Quality
• Traffic and Transport • Traffic Volume
• Ecology • Ecological
• Socio-economic • Socio-economic
• Onsite Risks - Hazards
 Construction Phase :

Ecology:
No direct impact is envisaged in terms of felling or cutting of trees. The construction phase of the
project will thus have insignificant impact on ecology.

Socio-economic
As the proposed project is located in the Navalur Village, no negative impact is envisaged on the socio-
economic status of the area in terms of acquisition of agriculture land or displacement of people etc.,
however, the construction phase will require construction workers, which will largely be drawn from the
local population and nearby towns. Thus, it will provide temporary employment to number of families and
that will be a positive impact due to the proposed project.
 OPERATIONAL PHASE
Impact on Air Quality
The key potential air quality impact during the operational phase of the STP would be odour arising
from sewage treatment facilities, as well as sludge treatment and handling facilities. Major odour
sources identified in the proposed STP include:
(a) Inlet works
(b) Grit chamber
(c) Equalization tank
(d) Primary Clarifier
(e) Aeration Tank
(f) Centrifuge and
(g) Screening and grit storage room

• The digested sludge will be transported using closed containers during transportation which is
the common practice, since the odour carrying material will be transported away, the resulting
odour levels will be insignificant
• As the sludge pumping system is confined to pipes, the odour emission from it is also
considered insignificant.
Impact on Noise Environment

• The major noise generating equipment during operational phase is the air blowers,
ventilation fans, water pumps and DG Sets.
• All equipment is likely to be operated simultaneously during operational phase except DG
Set, which is used as a power backup during power failure at pump station most of this
equipment will be enclosed and noise impact would be reduced.

Impact on water Environment

• However Raw sewage from Chennai households would be collected, treated and
discharged via the proposed river outfall.
• After primary & biological treatment process, the pollution load entering into the river
environment would be almost nil compared with the existing conditions.
Chlorination

Chlorination will be used in Proposed STP for disinfection purpose in the effluent.
Emergency Overflow

• The emergency overflow events are anticipated in case of pump failure, the electrical power supply
interruption, mechanical failure of primary, secondary and tertiary treatment units, disinfection units, as
well as blockage of river outfall.
• These emergency overflow events is expected to be in-frequent and of short duration.

Solid Waste Generation & Impact on Land-Sludge

• The sludge disposed from STP will be utilized for green belt development and excess will
be utilized for Agriculture purpose by NGO of Self Help Group.
• The wet-sludge would be stored on site temporarily and would be barged for further
treatment at regular intervals to prevent any excessive odour emission. The storage
container would be covered to minimize the potential odour nuisance

Impact on Heritage or Cultural Aspects

There are no historical monuments and structures in the proposed area and insignificant impact is
envisaged from the proposed project on heritage or cultural aspects in the study area
 MITIGATION MEASURES
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
• Good Practices In Construction Management

MITIGATION MEASURES TO CONTROL AIR POLLUTION BY PLANTS

• Vegetation buffers can minimize the buildup of Air pollution levels in urban areas by acting as
pollution sinks
• Roadside hedges can reduce traffic generated air borne lead, on leeward side
• Heavy roadside planting in the form of shelterbelts can result in reduction in airborne lead
• Complete dust interception can be achieved by a 30 m belt of trees. Even a single row of
trees may bring about 25 percent reductions in airborne particulate.
Mitigation measures for dust control

• Paving
• Applying Dust Suppressants
• Graveling
• Using Water Sprays
• Reducing Vehicle Speed
• Material storages/warehouses
• Cleaning Up Spills Promptly
AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY

Noise limits for DG sets- The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator
(DG) sets with rated capacity up to 125 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75
dB(A) at 1 meter from the enclosure surface.

WATER RESOURCES AND QUALITY

Water management includes various aspects such as water conservation, wastewater treatment, rainwater
harvesting, reuse and recycling of water
 OPERATIONAL PHASE

AIR ENVIRONMENT
• Diesel generators will be operated only for emergency power backup. Regular maintenance
of diesel engines has to be ensured.
• Transportation vehicles will mainly contribute to NOx and Carbon Monoxide . So all the
vehicles are regularly holding valid Pollution under Control Certificates.
• The recommended mitigation measure to minimize potential odour impact is to enclose all
the major odour sources. The sludge should be carried by enclosed container during sludge
transportation
AMBIENT NOISE QUALITY

• The specifications for procuring major noise generating machines / equipment such as DG Sets , Exhaust fans,
Motors and Pumps for various other purposes would include built in design requirements to have minimum noise
levels meeting OSHA Standards.
• Equipment's like diesel generators would be installed with designed attenuation system/control measures like
acoustic enclosure and insulation etc.,
• Whenever no control equipment's are possible, increase the distance between source and receiver and by
altering the relative orientation of the source and receiver. Noise level at the receiver end reduces in inverse
proportion to the square of the distance between the receiver and the source.
• Workers working near to high noise generating machinery to be provide with ear mufflers/ear plugs.
• Enclosures of noisy equipment are proposed as noise mitigation measures for operational phase.
WATER RESOURCE AND QUALITY

• where damages occurred in any of the STP unit, standby unit will be operated and the designed
treatment capability would be restored immediately to ensure that water quality of the effluent can
meet the discharge requirement.
• In the case of STP overflow, raw sewage may also be diverted to emergency overflow outfall
although discharge through river outfall is more preferable for dilution and dispersion.

SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE

The screenings removed from the pumping stations & process will be given to concerned local body for
disposal into Solid Waste Management Facility. It is also recommended to cover the storage container before
disposal to minimize the potential odour nuisance
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT

The proposed project will be established in Navalur Village, therefore no land acquisition and other
social impact of any form is envisaged from the project. The project will provide employment to local
people during both construction and operation. The employment would be in form of permanent and
temporary as well as in contract form