Presentation

on country
research for
“Maldives”

Submitted by- Nidhi Singh

PGDM-168
Division- A
 HISTORY
 Gained independence in 1965.
 During the British era from 1887 to 1965, Maldives continued to be ruled under a succession of
sultans.
 Beginning in the 1950s, political history in Maldives was largely influenced by the British military
presence in the islands.
 In a national referendum in March 1968, Maldivians abolished the sultanate and established a
republic.
 During the 1970s, the economic situation in Maldives suffered a setback when the Sri Lankan market
for Maldives' main export of dried fish collapsed.
 Greatest challenge facing the republic in the early 1990s was the need for rapid economic
development and modernization.
 Ameen Didi was served as the first president of the Maldives and as the head of government
between January 1, 1953, and August 21, 1953.
Culture, Cuisine & Food Habits
Culture :
 Influenced by the proximity of the island nation to India and Sri Lanka
 State religion of the country is Islam.
 Elements of African culture can also be observed .
Cuisine :
 Food revolves largely around fish.
 Dishes are often hot, spicy and flavored with coconut, but use very few vegetables.
 Draws heavily from the Sri Lankan and south Indian tradition, especially Kerela .
Food Habits :
 Mix of Arabic, Indian, Sri Lankan and Oriental influences.
 Coconut are major part of their food.
 Seafood plays a starring role.
Architecture & Related News
 Early architecture was in the form of houses.
 Due to its location at sea level traditional houses were built in stilts.
 Today many building are constructed with modern materials and modern techniques.
 Here we can find mosques, markets, houses, and more in stone, brick, and concrete.
Recent news regarding Maldives architecture:
 World first underwater hotel to open in Maldives -The hotel, part of the Conrad Maldives Rangali Island,
will allow guests to relax within the waters of the Indian Ocean and is touted by the developers as "an
ambitious display of architecture, design, and technology.“
 CAA Architects Reveals Futuristic Eco-City Design for the Maldives-
CAA Architects have won first prize in the Maldives Airport
Economic zone competition.
Governance system & electoral system
 Legislative assembly is known as Majlis composed of 50 members- two from Malé, two from each of
the twenty administrative atolls, and eight appointed by the president.
 Leadership and Political Control -The government appoints an atoll chief who exercises the government
power.
 Social Problems and Control.Historically, the society has been closely knit and disciplined as a result of
unity of religion (Sunni Muslim) and language.
 Military Activity.The country maintains only one security unit, the National Security Service. This
organization has about 1,800 personnel who perform army, police, and maritime duties.
ELECTORAL SYSTEM:
 They elects on national level a head of state ,the president and the legislature.
 The assembly has 88 members .
 All members are elected directly for a term of five years from 88 single-member constituencies.
The Executive Branch Of The Government Of Maldives
The executive branch is headed by the president who also heads both the government and state. The
president and the vice president are directly elected by the citizen through a secret ballot for a five-year
term up to a minimum of two terms according to the constitution.

The Legislative Branch Of The Government Of Maldives

The unicameral Parliament of Maldives is known as the People’s Majlis. The Majlis enacts, amends, and
revises laws except for the constitution. The current parliament is composed of 85 legislatures, one from
each electorate.

The Judicial Branch Of The Government Of Maldives

The judiciary is a systematic institution in Maldives and has always been under the control of the Head of
State. The legal system is based on Islamic Law with some elements of English common law. The judges are
appointed by the President with the Chief Justice also responsible to the president.
Geographical knowledge
 Area: Comprising a territory spanning roughly 298 square kilometres (115 sq mi), the Maldives is one
of the world's most geographically dispersed sovereign states as well as the smallest Asian country by
land area and population.
 Climate: The Maldives has a year-round hot tropical climate. There are two monsoons, the southwest
from May to October and the northeast from November to April.
 Time-zone: Time difference between India Standard Time (IST) and Indian/Maldives is 0:30 hours ie.,
Indian/Maldives time is always 0:30 hours ahead of India Standard Time (IST)
 FLORA- Most islands have poor, sandy soil and vegetation range from thick to sparse to none at all.
The vegetated islands have mangroves, breadfruit trees, banyans, bamboo, pandanus, banana,
tropical vines, and numerous coconut palms.
 FAUNA- Giant fruit bats or flying foxes are widespread on many islands; you’ll see them cruising past
at dusk. Colorful lizards are quite common, and there is the occasional rat. Domestic animals include
cats, a few chickens, and the odd rabbit. A few islands rear goats, but cows are rare.
About the country
 Capital – Male POPULATION: 4,49,644
 NATION FLAG: The flag of the Republic of Maldives is green with a redborder. The centre bears
a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag. It was
adopted on 25 July 1965.

 NATIONAL ANTHEM: Until the late 1940s the state anthem of the Maldives was a melody with no
lyrics. It was called the Salaamathi
 NATIONAL FLOWER: Pinkrose NATIONAL EMBLEM: NATIONAL SPORT
 Distribution of population per capita income:
Actual Previous Highest Lowest Dates Unit Frequency

8980.00 8416.90 8980.00 4600.70 1995 - 2017 USD Yearly

 GDP: 10,535.79 USD

– It’s GDP rank is 165th .
 Tourism is the largest industry in the Maldives, accounting for 28% of GDP and more than 60% of the
Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. It powered the current GDP per capita] to expand 265% in the
1980s and a further 115% in the 1990s. Over 90% of government tax revenue flows in from import
duties and tourism-related taxes.
 Fishing is the second leading sector in the Maldives. The economic reform program by the government
in 1989 lifted import quotas and opened some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has
liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment.
 Agriculture and manufacturing play a minor role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability
of cultivable land and shortage of domestic labour. Most staple foods are imported.
 Industry in the Maldives consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts. It
accounts for around 18% of GDP.
Import / Export
IMPORT :
 Imports in Maldives increased to 258.20 USD Million in November from 242.30 USD Million in October
2018
 The Maldives mainly imports fuel, aircraft, wood, prefabricated buildings, iron and steel,
telecommunication equipment, vegetables and cement.
 The Maldives’ main imports partners are the United Arab Emirates, Singapore, India, Malaysia, Sri
Lanka, China, Thailand and United States.
EXPORT :
 Maldives exported 309 million dollar making it the 166th largest exporter in the world.
 During the last 5 years the export of Maldives have increased at an annualised rate of 5.9% from 236
million in 2012 to 309 million in 2018.
 The most recent exports are led by petroleum gas which represents 46.7% of the total exports of
Maldives followed by fish fillets which account for 19.8%
Major industries/ key companies
 The manufacturing sector is small and limited by the shortage of domestic labour.
 Important traditional industries in the Maldives include, boat building, the manufacture of coir, a
rope made from dried coconut fibers, and lacemaking (handmade pillow lace).
 Coconuts, copra, shells, tortoiseshell, bone dust, red stone, ambergris, and handicrafts are
also produced locally as well as exported.
 Modern industry is limited to tuna canneries and other fish-processing, several apparel factories, built
during the past decade, a soft drink bottling plant, and small scale manufacturing enterprises that
produce PVC pipe, soap, furniture, and food products.
 There were 84 resorts in operation, cruise tourism was introduced by the Ministry of Tourism.
Past ,present and future prospects of
country
 Maldives’ new President Abdulla Yameen launched the nation’s new ’foreign policy’ at a quiet
ceremony in capital Male on January 20, 2014.
 The nation also seems wanting to provide for a stand-alone security policy, where the concerns and
consequent priorities still seem to be regional.
 Crisp and open-ended
 Stoic, strategic silence
 Sovereign equality, Islamic identity
 Premise and practice
Ease of doing business
 Maldives is ranked 139 among 190 economies in the ease of doing business.
 The rank of Maldives deteriorated to 139 in 2018 from 136 in 2017.

 Economies with a high rank (1 to 20) have simpler and more friendly regulations for businesses.
 Ease of Doing Business in Maldives averaged 105 from 2008 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 139 in
2018 and a record low of 71 in 2008.
Religious beliefs
 Religious Beliefs-Islam is the only national religion; no other religions are permitted. All Maldivians
belong to the Sunni sect. Only Muslims may become citizens, marry, or own property in Maldives, and
daily life is regulated according to the tenets of Islam.
 Religious Practitioners-The political, judicial, and religious systems in Maldives are so closely
intertwined that the political leaders and judges are also the country's religious leaders. The president
is considered the primary religious leader, and judges, known asgazis,are responsible for interpreting
Islamic law in the courts.
 Rituals and Holy Places- Most holidays are based on the Islamic lunar calendar. In addition to the
Golden Grand Friday mosque, twenty other mosques are scattered around Malé. Mosques are also
found in each of the islands. In Malé, a graveyard holds the tomb of Abu Al Barakat, a North African
Arab who brought the Koran to the Maldives in the twelfth century.
 Death and the Afterlife-"There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the prophet of Allah"; fast
during the month of Ramadan; pray five times every day; give alms to the poor; and, if possible, make
a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca sometime during their lifetime.
THANK YOU