Grammar Expansion 2 p.

348
(group of 3)

WHO DO THEY
LOVE?
 COMPARE

a. The man is a capable man.

adjective noun
He is preparing the financial report.

b. The man who is preparing the financial report

noun adjective clause
is a capable man.

c. The man preparing the financial report is a capable

man.
adjective phrase
ADJECTIVE
CLAUSE
 USING WHO, WHICH, and THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE FOR
SUBJECT PRONOUN

1. The girl is beautiful. She sits next to me.

S V
The girl who sits next to me is beautiful.

2. I know those guys. They live in an apartment.

S V
I know those guys who live in an apartment.

3. The teacher is nice. She teaches biology.

S V
The teacher who teaches biology is nice.
4. I have a class. It begins at 8:00 am.
I have a class which begins at 8:00 am.
I have a class that begins at 8:00 am.

5. I love English. It helps me to get a job.

I love English which helps me to get a job.
I love English that helps me to get a job.
 PRACTICE

Combine the two sentences in one sentence using

adjective clause.
1. The police officer was friendly. He gave me
directions.

2. I don’t know the man. He’s talking to Brian.

3. Do you like the mechanic? He fixed your car.

4. The flowers are blooming. They smell very nice.

5. The song is very romantic. It’s sung by Adelle

USING WHOM, WHICH, and THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
FOR OBJECT PRONOUN

1. The boy is a gentleman. I love him.

a. The boy whom I love is a gentleman
b. The boy that I love is a gentleman.

2. The book is interesting. I’m reading it now.

a. The book which I’m reading now is interesting.
b. The book that I’m reading now is interesting.
 PRACTICE

Combine the two sentences in one sentence using

adjective clause.

1. I lost the scarf. I borrowed it from my roommate.

2. I liked the woman. I met her at the party last night.
3. I love the composition. My friend wrote it.
4. My friends asked me a question. I couldn’t answer
it.
5. The people were very nice. We visited them
yesterday.
 USING PREPOSITION IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

1. A. The man was helpful. I talked to him

prep obj

B. The man whom I talked to was helpful.

obj prep

C. The man that I talked to was helpful.

obj prep

D. The man to whom I talked was helpful.

prep obj
2. A. She is the woman. I told you about her
prep obj

B. She is the woman whom I told you about

obj prep

C. She is the woman that I told you about

obj prep

D. She is the woman about whom I told you

prep obj
 PRACTICE

1. The meeting was interesting. I went to it.

2. The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
3. I must thank the people. I got a present from
them.
4. The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it.
5. The man is standing over there. I was telling you
about him.
 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

1. A. The man called the police. His car was

stolen.
Whose car

B. The man whose car was stolen called the police.

2. A. The people were friendly. We bought their house

Whose house

B. The people whose house we bought were friendly

 PRACTICE

Combine the two sentences into one sentence using

adjective clause.

1. That is the man. His son is an astronaut.

2. That is the man. I’m dating his son.
3. This is the professor. I’m taking his class.
4. That is a couple. Their apartment was
burglarized.
5. There is a boy. His mother is a famous musician.
SUMMING UP
A. In A FLASH GRAMMAR p. 76 (reading)
do exercise 1 and underline relative pronoun in
passages

B. GRAMMAR DIMENSION 2 p.354

(in pairs)

C. DEFINITION COMPETITITON (group of 4)

Sample clue :
I’m thinking of an animal that is white with
black stripes.
I know the man who is good at making furniture.
 ADJECTIVE
PHRASE
Only adjective clauses that have a subject pronoun-
who, which, or that- are reduced to modifying
adjective phrases
There are two ways in which an adjective clause is
changed to an adjective phrase :
1. The subject pronoun is omitted AND the be form of
the verb is omitted
Clause : The girl who is smiling at me is very beautiful.
Phrase : The girl φ φ smiling at me is very beautiful.

Clause : The food which are served at the restaurant is

delicious.
Phrase : The food φ φ served at the restaurant is
delicious.

Clause : The CD that is in the drawer is expensive.

Phrase : The CD φ φ in the drawer is expensive.
2. If there is no be form of a verb in the adjective clause,
it is sometimes possible to omit the subject pronoun
and change the verb to its – ing form.

Clause :The girl who sits next to me is beautiful

Phrase: The girl φ sitting next to me is beautiful

Clause : I have a class that begins at 8:00 am.

Phrase: I have a class φ beginning at 8:00 am
 PRACTICE

Change the adjective clause into adjective phrase.

1. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain
are getting wet.
2. I come from a city that is located in the southern
part of the country.
3. The children who attend the school receive a
good education.
4. The scientist who are researching the causes of
cancer are making progress.
5. The fence which surrounds our house is made of
wood.
 ASSESSMENT

Combine the sentences using the second sentence as

an adjective clause.

1. The students missed the assignment. They were

absent from class.
2. The woman is my teacher. You met her parents.
3. The scrambled eggs were cold. I had them for
breakfast at the cafeteria.
4. I enjoy the music. We listened to it after dinner.
5. The young women are all from Japan. We met
them at the exhibition last week.
Change the adjective clause into the adjective phrase.
1. The Indian who lived in Peru before the discovery of the
New World by Europeans belonged to the Incan culture.
2. The rules that allow public access to wilderness areas need
to be reconsidered.
3. The experiment which was conducted at the University of
Chicago was successful.

Change the adjective phrase into the adjective clause.

4. The sunlight coming through the window wakes me up
early every morning.
5. The pyramids, the monumental tombs of ancient Egyptian
pharaohs, were constructed from 3000 to 1800 BC.