Inorganic compounds

Presented by
Musaab asif 2016 -ag-7484
Sidra yousaf 2016-ag-7493
Aluminium hydroxide
• occurence
• Aluminium hydroide is found in nature as mineral gibbsite.
• It is amphoteric in nature i.e it has both acidic and basic properties
Properties
Chemical formula Al(OH)3

Molar mass 78g/mol

Appearance White amorphous powder

Density 2.42 g/cm3

Melting point
300 °C
Solubility Amphoteric in nature

Solubity in water 0.0001 g/100 mL

Preparation
• Aluminium hydroxide is prepared by Bayer process.
• In this process bauxite is crushed ,mixed in a solution of sodium
hydroxide as a result aluminum hydroxide crystals are obtained.
• The obtained crystals are heated in order to drive off water and
produce several grades of aluminum hydroxide.
• Al2O3 + 2 NaOH → 2 NaAlO2 + H2O
• 2 NaAlO2 + 3 H2O + CO2 → 2 Al(OH)3 + Na2CO3
Applications
• It is used as antacid.
• It is used to treat heartburn , upset stomach or acid indigestion.
• It is used to reduce phosphate level in patients with certain kidney
conditions.
• It is used in vaccines.
Ammonium Chloride

•Occurence:
• It occurs naturally in volcanic regions ,forming on
volcanic rocks near fume-releasing vents. The crystals
deposit directly from the gaseous state and tend to be
short-lived , as they dissolve easily in water.
Properties
NH4Cl
Chemical formula
White solid
Appearance
Soluble in
solubility liquid ammonia, hydrazine,
Slightly soluble in acetone
Insoluble in diethyl ether, ethyl
acetate
53.49 g·mol−1
Molar mass
3
1.519 g/cm
Density
preparation
• It is prepared commercially by combining ammonia with
hydrochloridic acid.
• NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
• It is also produced by solvay process.
• CO2 + 2 NH3 + 2 NaCl + H2O → 2 NH4Cl + Na2CO3
Applications
• It is used as nitrogen source in fertilizers.
• The main crops are fertilize in this way are wheat and rice in Asia.
• It is used as an expectorant in cough medicine.
• It is used as an systemic acidifying agent in the treatment of severe
metabolic alkalosis.
• It is used to maintain the urine pH in the treatment of some urinary
track disorders.