DISSERTATION (PHASE-II)

PRESENTATION

SYNCHRONISED OFDM BASED UNDERWATER

ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION FOR HIGH SPEED
DATA TRANSFER IN SHALLOW WATER
APPLICATIONS

Guided by Presented by
Dr. K Krishna Naik Lt Cdr Amit Kumar Dalal
Asst Professor Regn no 172001
Electronics Dept M.Tech (R&C)
DIAT, Girinagar
 INTRODUCTION

 Underwater Acoustic wave

communication

 Advantages over other

methods

 Need of Under water

communication
 INTRODUCTION

 Issues related with Acoustic underwater

communication
 OBJECTIVE

 To Simulate an OFDM based Underwater Acoustic

Communication using MATLAB for high speed Data
transfer in Shallow water applications.
 MOTIVATION

 Variation of sound speed

in underwater based on
change in Temperature,
Pressure and Salinity.

 Multipath Propagation
and fading due to
Shallow water channel.

 Doppler Spread & Lesser

Spectral bandwidth
efficiency, ranges and
data rates.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT
 To design and simulate the OFDM based high data
rate underwater acoustic communication with
Rayleigh channel characteristics for shallow water
applications in MATLAB and Simulink.

 To design the requisite hardware.

 DESIGN METHOD
OFDM Signal for Underwater Acoustic
Communication with Rayleigh Channel
characteristics.

 Method Used

 MATLAB ® (2014)

 Simulink
 OFDM- BASIC CONCEPT
 OFDM- Orthogonal Frequency Division and
Multiplexing.

 Multicarrier Modulation Scheme.

 Data is divided into multiple bits.

 Modulate with multiple orthogonal sub-carriers.

 No guard bands required.

 Sub carrier bandwidth lower than system bandwidth.

 Subcarriers experience relatively flat fading.

 DESIGN OF OFDM
Modulation SNR= 0 dB SNR = 10 dB SNR = 20 dB
 Comparison
Technique of Modulation Techniques

 BPSK
QPSK

 QPSK
BER = 0.2127 BER = 0.0011 BER = 0
 16 QAM
BPSK

BER = .0786 BER = 2.5431e-06 BER = 0

16 QAM

BER = 0. 3119 BER = .0768 BER = 3.1789e-06

 DESIGN OF OFDM
 Underwater Channel Environment
 Rayleigh Fading Model

 Experience of multipath due to reflection and refraction.

 Diffraction of signal due to fluctuation in sound velocity, internal waves,

volume fluctuations, cavitations etc.

 Experience Doppler shift due to relative motion between source &

destination, sea wave motion etc.

 The scattered received components due to above mentioned

phenomenon can summed up by Rayleigh channel as:

F(x) = 2Π/Ω * e - x^2/Ω * u(x)

Where Ω is the average received power
 DESIGN OF OFDM
 OFDM based Transmitter
 DESIGN OF OFDM
 OFDM based Receiver
 DESIGN OF OFDM
 Proposed System layout
 SIMULATION OF OFDM
 MATLAB®

 The Simulation is undertaken through an

ofdm_txrx_gui.m file.
 SIMULATION OF OFDM
 MATLAB®

 Algorithm and Flow chart for the simulation

 SIMULATION OF OFDM
 Implementation and Simulation
 To analysis the OFDM signal in MATLAB following assumptions
have been made
S.No Parameters Value

(a) Original image size (pixels) 256*256

(b) Total Pixels 65536
(c) Each pixel data size 8 bits
(d) Number of Sub carriers 100
(e) FFT size 64
(f) Cyclic prefix 16
(g) Carrier Modulation used QPSK
(h) Channel Rayleigh for multipath fading
(j) SNR 10-120 dB
(k) Pixel into binary (65536*8). Size of source data 524288 bits
(l) For QPSK (524288/2). Size of source data 262144
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 MATLAB based

 Case I: SNR =20dB, Relative velocity = 5m/s,

calculated fd = 105.27 hz
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 BER vs SNR Analysis of Case I

Tx Graph Rx Graph
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 MATLAB based

 Case II: SNR = 40dB, Relative velocity = 3m/s.

calculated fd = 67.54 hz
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 BER vs SNR Analysis of Case II

Tx Graph Rx Graph
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 MATLAB based

 Case III: SNR = 100 dB, Relative velocity = 1m/s.

calculated fd = 24.65 hz
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 BER vs SNR Analysis of Case III

Tx Graph Rx Graph
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 MATLAB based

 Case IV: SNR = 120dB, Relative velocity = 0m/s.

calculated fd = 0 hz
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
BER vs SNR Analysis of Case IV

Tx Graph Rx Graph
 SIMULATION OF OFDM
 Simulink Model
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 Simulink based
 Case I: When there is multipath and Doppler shift
available in the channel, Multipath= (04), Fd= 3Hz

Tx Image Rx Image
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 Simulink based
 Case II: When there is no multipath but Doppler
shift available in the channel, Multipath= 0, Fd= 3Hz

Tx Image Rx Image
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 Simulink based
 Case III: When there is multipath but no Doppler
shift available in the channel, Multipath= 4, Fd= 0

Tx Image Rx Image
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 Simulink based
 Case IV: When there is multipath but no Doppler
shift available in the channel, Multipath= 0, Fd= 0

Tx Image Rx Image
 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
 Simulink based

 BER vs SNR analysis

 CONCLUSION

 OFDM technique has been used effectively to design

and simulate the underwater acoustic communication in
MATLAB & Simulink for high rate data transfer.

 QPSK modulation technique is preferred for low BER.

 Various parameters of underwater has been considered

to simulate the Rayleigh Channel characteristics.

 The effect of ISI and ICI has been reduced by using

OFDM.
 CONCLUSION

 Reception of good quality image is only possible when

there is nil/less effect of Doppler shift, less no of
multipaths, on the transmitted OFDM signal.

 The Data rate achieved through the communication is

around 35-55 kbps in MATLAB.
 FUTURE WORK
 Future Work

 Analysis and procurement of requisite hardware.

 Implementation of hardware with OFDM generated signal

for proposed model.
 REFERENCES

(1) Linton, Lance, Phillip Conder, and Michael Faulkner. ”Multiuser

communications for underwater acoustic networks using MIMO-
OFDM-IDMA.”
(2) M Stojanovic, “Recent Advances in High-speed Underwater
Acoustic Communication
(3) Mohmad Arshid, “Recent Advancement in Sensor technology for
underwater application.
(4) Shengli Zhou et.al , “MIMO-OFDM Over An Underwater Acoustic
Channel”.
(5) Sangram More, ”Shallow Water Acoustics for Random Area
(SWARA)”, 2017.
(6) T.P. surekha, T. Ananthapadmanabha and C. Puttamadappa,
Modeling and Performance Analysis of QAM-OFDM System with
AWGN Channel”
(7) M. Stojanovic et.al, “Underwater acoustic communication”
(8) R. Prasad, “Matlab simulation for OFDM transmission.
 REFERENCES
(11) Ashish D Sawant and Prof. PS Chaudhary , “Study of FPGA based
OFDM Transmitter and Receiver”

(12) GV Ganesh and B Murali Krishna, “ FPGA Implementation of OFDM

Transmitter using Simulink and Xilinx system generator’’

(13) K Chitra, N Sireesha, C Thangavel,” Underwater Communication

implementation with OFDM’.

(14) Xi Jiang, Chuan Xue and Mingchi Ma,” Design and Implementation
of Sensor Nodes Based on OFDM for Underwater Sensor Networks”

(15) Paul Guanming Lin, “OFDM SIMULATION in MATLAB”.

(16) Emrecan Deminors Implementation of an “ OFDM based

underwater acoustic modem”.
 THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS ????