How PIC works

ＰＩＣ１６Ｆ８４ （１８pin）
Standard Circuit

+5V +5V
20MHz +5V

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
Ｌ Ｅ Ｄ x10
10KΩ 10KΩ R R R R R R
A A B B B B
1 0 7 6 5 4

+5V +5V
ＰＩＣ１６Ｆ８４
R R R R R R R
A A A B B B B
2 3 4 0 1 2 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

+5V 2.2KΩ x5 2.2KΩ x5

10KΩ 10KΩ

10KΩ
 Inside PIC
Program
Address
Program データバス
Program
Memory Counter
(14bit) 13 8

Timer & Peripherals

Program Bus 8 Level
14
Stack

Instruction Register Address

File
Register Registers
7 (8bit)

Mux

I/O pins
I/O
Port
Control Unit

ALU

Reset W register
 Inside PIC
Program
Address
Program データバス
Program
Memory Counter
(14bit) 13 8

Timer & Peripherals

Program Bus 8 Level
14
Stack

Instruction Register Address

File
Register Registers
7 (8bit)

Mux

I/O pins
I/O
Port
Control Unit

ALU

Reset W register
Input & Output Port
(PIC16F84)

RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
5th File Register RA0
Input
ＰＯＲＴＡ b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 or
I/O Port Output
(0 or 5V)
RB7
RB6
RB5
RB4
RB3
RB2
6th File Register RB1
RB0

ＰＯＲＴB b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
I/O Port
 Inside PIC
Program
Address
Program データバス
Program
Memory Counter
(14bit) 13 8

Timer & Peripherals

Program Bus 8 Level
14
Stack

Instruction Register Address

File
Register Registers
7 (8bit)

Mux

I/O pins
I/O
Port
Control Unit

ALU

Reset W register
oscillator & Clock

1 command is
Addr. Program Memory
executed by
4 clocks(1 sycle) 00 01010101010101
01 10101010101010
02 00110011001100
03 10100010100010
04 :
: :
: :
Control UNIT

Reset
How PIC works
Program Memory File Register
(Assemble Lang.) (addr. variable, contents)
0 MOVLW D'15' 00 INDF 00000000
01 TMR0 00000000
1 MOVWF hensu
02 PCL 00000000
2 MOVF PORTA, W 03 STATUS 00000000
04 FSR 00000000
3 ADDWF hensu, W
05 PORTA 00000000
4 MOVWF PORTB 06 PORTB 00000000
: : :
0C hensu 00000000
0D 00000000

ＡＬＵ

00000000

W Regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ０
0
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000000
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
00000000000000 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000000
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000000 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111 0 Addr.
00000010001100 1
Data Bus 8 1
0
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000000
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
00000000000000 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000000
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000000 W regster
 MOVLW D '15' Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ２
0
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000000
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
11000000001111 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000000
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000000 W regster
 MOVLW D '15' Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ３
0
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000000
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
11000000001111 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ４
1
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000001
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
11000000001111 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
 MOVＷＦ hensu Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ５
1
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
プログラムバス
Program Bus 02 00000001
03
レジスタアドレス
Regster Addr. 04
05
00000010001100 :
0C
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
 MOVＷＦ hensu Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ６
1
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000001
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
00000010001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ７
2
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000002
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
00000010001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
 MOVＦ PORTA，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ８
2
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000002
03
Regster Addr. 04
05
00100000000101 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
 MOVＦ PORTA，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 ９
2
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000002
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00100000000101 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111 PORTA
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00001111 W regster
 MOVＦ PORTA，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １０
2
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000002
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00100000000101 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000001
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000001 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １１
3
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000003
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00100000000101 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000001
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000001 W regster
 ＡＤＤＷＦ hensu，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １２
3
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000003
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00011100001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00000001
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000001 W regster
 ＡＤＤＷＦ hensu，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １３
3
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000003
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00011100001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00000001 W regster
 ＡＤＤＷＦ hensu，Ｗ Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １４
3
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000003
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00011100001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
00000001 ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １５
4
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000004
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00011100001100 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
 MOVＷＦ PORTB Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １６
4
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000004
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00000010000110 :
0C 00001111
Inst. 7
:
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
 MOVＷＦ PORTB Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １７
4
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000004
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00000010000110 06 00010000
: 00001111
Inst. 7
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
 MOVＷＦ PORTB Action
Program Memory
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １８
4
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000004
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00000010000110 06 00010000
: 00001111
Inst. 7
Register

I/O Pins
00001111
ＭＵＸ

ＡＬＵ PORTB

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
Program Memory
Action
Program
11000000001111
00000010001100
0 Addr.
1
Data Bus 8 １９
5
00100000000101 2
00011100001100 3 Program
00000010000110 4 ファイルレジスタ
File Register
Counter

Timer & Peripheral

00
: :
01
Program Bus 02 00000005
03
Regster Addr. 04
05 00000001
00000010000110 06 00010000
: 00001111
Inst. 7
Register

00001111
ＭＵＸ

I/O Pins
ＡＬＵ

I/O Port
00010000 W regster
Summary
Program Memory File Register
(Assemble Lang.) (addr. variable, contents)
0 MOVLW D'15' 00 INDF 00000000
01 TMR0 00000000
1 MOVWF hensu
02 PCL 00000000
2 MOVF PORTA, W 03 STATUS 00000000
04 FSR 00000000
3 ADDWF hensu, W
05 PORTA 00000000
4 MOVWF PORTB 06 PORTB 00000000
: : :
0C hensu 00000000
0D 00000000

ＡＬＵ

00000000

W Regster