Embedded Systems

I2C
Feature
• 3 wire
GND
SCL(clock)
SDA(data)
• All devices share the same bus wire
• Using wire and, each device gain access to
bus (become bus master) by arbiter protocol
• Speed
Standard——100Kbps
Fast-mode——400Kbps
High-speed mode——3.Mbsp
Wire and
structure
Connection of devices

Single
Master

Multiple
Master
 Master/Slave
• Master is the initiator of data Tx/Rx
• Master drive the SCL
• Slave passively receive command and
execute command sent by master, can
only control SDA Signal
 Start/Stop of data transfer
• SCL=H, falling edge of SDA indicates start of
transmission
• SCL=H, rising edge of SDA indicates stop of
transmission
• When transmitting data, SDA can only change when
SCL=0
• MSB transmitted first
 Mast write operation

Slave Slave Slave pullup

pulldown pulldown if error

Slave Acknowledge: Host Release SDA, Slave pull SDA down

 Master Write operation (detail)
1. Master generate specific start signal（SCL＝H，SDA＝
HL）inform all devices, that master will transfer
data
2. Master put target device address to the IIC bus, ７-
bit address + 1-bit read/write flag(１Read,
0Write)
3. Master release SDA waiting for target device response.
4. Target device (device with matched address) pulldown
SDA for response
5. Master see response on SDA, continue transmitting
data on SDA Line
6. Master release SDA after transmitting each byte,
waiting for response from the target device
7. Device pulldown SDA indicating that data received
correctly
8. Master continue sending data until end of data
9. Master send specific data to inform end of
transmission（SCL＝H，SDA＝LH）
Acknowledge (ACK)
Master Write operation (detail)
Master Write operation (detail)
Master read operation
 Mastre read operation (detail)
1. Master generate specific start signal（SCL＝H，SDA＝
HL）inform all devices, that master request data
from slave
2. Master put target device address to the IIC bus, ７-
bit address + 1-bit read/write flag(１Read,
0Write)
3. Master release SDA waiting for target device response.
4. Target device (device with matched address) pulldown
SDA for response
5. Master receive data when target response.
6. Target send data via SDA, After sending each byte,
slave release SDA, waiting for master response.
7. Master pull down SDA to response to slave that data
is received correctly
8. After receiving all data. Master send specific data
to inform end of transmission（SCL＝H，SDA＝LH）
Master read operation