Академический Документы
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R. Vijay Krishna
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF C.B
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER
INTRODUCTION
A circuit breaker is an equipment designed
to protect an electrical apparatus from
damage caused by overload or short
circuit.
Unlike a fuse, a circuit breaker can be
reset (either manually or automatically) to
resume normal operation.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
The basic circuit breaker consists of a simple
switch, connected to either a bimetallic strip or an
electromagnet.
The electricity magnetizes the electromagnet
When the current jumps to unsafe levels, the
electromagnet is strong enough to pull down a
metal lever connected to the switch linkage.
The entire linkage shifts, tilting the moving contact
away from the stationary contact to break the
circuit. The electricity shuts off.
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
Interrupter unit
Gas system
INTERRUPTER UNIT
Consists of fixed contacts with set of
current carrying fingers and an arcing
probe.
Fingers make contact with the moving
contact when the breaker is in close
position.
The contacts are surrounded by
interrupting nozzles and a blast shield
The moving contact is in the form of
hollow nozzle sliding in a second set of
spring loaded fingers.
As soon as the moving contact is with
drawn from the fixed finger contacts an arc
is drawn between the moving nozzle and
the arcing probe.
As the contacts move further apart, the arc
is extended and attenuated and finally
extinguished by the gas flow from high
pressure to low pressure.
GAS SYSTEM
Perfect sealing to prevent leakage of gas
as it is maintained at high pressure.
Low and high pressure system are fitted
with low pressure alarms which gives
warning the moment gas pressure drops
below certain value.
If danger limit is reached the safety
devices immobilize the breaker.
ADVANTAGES OF SF6 C.B.
Current chopping is minimized at low
pressure and low velocity.
Eliminates moisture problem.
Gives noiseless operation.
No carbon particle is formed during arcing.
Atmospheric conditions does not affect
Circuit breaker performance.