Study Case 4

Pennsylvania Upper Morrow Sandstone,

Anadarko Basin, USA.
Kelompok 4:
1. Dara Ayu Puspitasari (163210284)
2. Fadlul Azmi (163210364)
3. Intan Permatasari (163210575)
4. M. Yudatama Hsb (163210399)
5. Putri Nilam Sari (163210261)
Outline:
Introduction Case

Data Processing

Results

Economical Reserves
Introduction Case

Pennsylvania Upper Morrow

Sandstone has a significant
distance from Eocene Wilcox Basin.

But it has a similar data and

lithology. So that, it can be
interpreted depositional
environment with using the same
technique.
Log tools workflow
Wellsite Information and Pertinent Information:

• Rmf = 0.527 ohm.m at Tf • Drainage Area = 160 acres

• Rw = 0.11 ohm.m at Tf • Boi = 1.3
• Tf = 130°F • RF = 0.15
• Ts = 70°F • Φ = to be determined
• Archie parameters: a = 0.81; • Sw = to be determined
m=n=2 • h = 7 ft

Cost of re-entry and completion of the well : $275,000

Gross product price : $32/bbl
Royalty : 3/16th
 Upper Morrow Sandstone Log Evaluation

• Rw (measured) = not given

• Ann. Mean Surf. temp. = 70°F
• Rw @Tf = 0.14 ohm.m
• Total Depth = 8007 ft
• Rmf (measured) = not given
• BHT = 135°F
• Rmf @Tf = 0.527 ohm.m
• Formation Depth = 7441 ft
• DT fluid (Wyllie) = 189 μsec/ft
• Tf = 130°F
• Archie Parameters = a: 0.81 ; m: 2
• DT matrix (Wyllie) = 55.5 μsec/ft
; n: 2.
 𝑅𝑚𝑓𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 (𝑇𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 + 6.77)
𝑅𝑚𝑓 = Equation at Table 2.1.
𝑇𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 6.77
0.527(70 + 6.77)
𝑅𝑚𝑓 = =0.29
130 + 6.77

Therefore Rmf>Rw
0.29>0.14
The mudfiltrate is Fresh Water
Data Processing
CILD
CILD,Conductivity Induction Log Deep, is a Conductivity
measuring on Univanded zone. Therefore the data log of CILD is
related to IL which measures True Resistivity
1000
RILD = Equation 10.36
𝐶𝐼𝐿𝐷
Then
1000
Example for depth at 7446 ft RILD at 7446 = = 11.1
90
The data given by CILD is 90 S/m
SPHI
SPHI curve is sometimes displayed along with the DT curve. The
interval transit time (∆t) is dependent upon both lithology and
porosity. Therefore, a formation’s matrix interval transit time
(Table 4.1) must be known to derive sonic porosity either by
chart (Figure 4.2) or by the following formulas Wyllie time-
average equation (Wyllie et al., 1958) :
Example:
At depth = 7446 ft
81 − 55.5
∅𝑠 = = 0.191
189 − 55.5
∆t fluid = 189 μsec/ft is determined by type of its mud filtrate. The
type of mud in this case is FRESH WATER based on Resisitivity log. It
may show of which the Short Normal Curve (Ri) is higher than
Induction Resistivity (Rt) does and Rmf also has the higher value than
Rw so the graphyc will be as the following below :
Rwa = Apperent Water Resistivity

Rwa is Resistivity Water Saturation in determination of Mineral

Contents of Clean Sends and Shale. The bound-water and free-
water resistivities are determined from nearby shales and clean
sands, and the apparent water resistivity (Rwa) in the sand of
interest is calculated:
𝑅𝑡 𝑥 ∅𝑚
• 𝑅𝑤𝑎 = (Equation 7.16)
𝑎
Example at 7446 ft:
11.1 𝑥 0.1912
• 𝑅𝑤𝑎 = = 0.499925
0.81
Archie Saturation Water

Archie water saturation (Swa) of a reservoir is a calculation of

uninvaded zone by the Archie (1942):
1/𝑛
𝑎 𝑥 𝑅𝑤
𝑆𝑤 = 𝑚 Equation 7.1
𝑅𝑡 𝑥 ∅𝑠
Example at 7446 ft:
1/2
0.81 𝑥 0.14
𝑆𝑤 = = 0.529
11.1 𝑥 0.1912
Bulk Volume Water (BVW)

The product of a formation’s water saturation (Sw) and its

porosity (φ) is the bulk volume of water (BVW).
𝐵𝑉𝑊 = 𝑆𝑤 𝑥 ∅ (Equation 7.22)
Example at 7446 ft:
𝐵𝑉𝑊 = 0.529 𝑥 0.191 = 0.101
 Critical BVW in (Morrow Sandstone) Andaroko Basin,
Pennsylvanian

Source : Kansas Geological Survey

Typical values of critical bulk volume water (or Buckles number) for reservoirs in Kansas. These "rules-of-thumb"
ranges were developed on the basis of extensive field experience
 Interval transit time
from DT curve in
permeable zone:

-45 7442 ft = 60 μsec/ft

7444 ft = 70 μsec/ft
7446 ft = 81 μsec/ft
7448 ft = 77 μsec/ft
7450 ft = 73 μsec/ft
7452 ft = 88 μsec/ft

Nb: The value of DT curve

relatively high it means the
rock has a high porosity.

Figure 10.23
 - 7440 – 7452 ft
indicated that zone is
permeable.
- 7452 – 7560 ft show
that zone is not
permeable
7440 ft

7452 ft

7460 ft

- IL and SN log show in

7440 – 7452 ft
indicates that rock was
invaded by mud
filtrate
Figure 10.22
Final Data Processing

Data and Calculation

Depth (ft) CILD mmho IL (ohm-m) SN (ohm-m) DT SPHI Rwa Swa BVW

7442 120 8.3 20 60 0.034 0.012 >1 0.034

7446 90 11.1 30 81 0.191 0.5 0.529 0.101

7449 95 10.5 24 73 0.131 0.223 0.792 0.104

7453 130 7.7 8 97 0.311 0.918 0.391 0.121

7455 140 7.1 8 63 0.056 0.028 >1 0.056

7459 120 8.3 11 84 0.213 0.469 0.546 0.117

∅ = 0.211 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑆𝑊 = 0.54

Results
• After collecting the parameters from ‘data processing’, OOIP could
be calculated with equation:

7758 𝑥 𝐴 𝑥 ℎ 𝑥 ∅ 𝑥 (1 − 𝑆𝑤)
𝑁=
𝐵𝑜𝑖
7758 𝑥 160 𝑥 7 𝑥 0.211 (1 − 0.54)
𝑁= = 635098.36 𝑆𝑇𝐵
1.3
𝑁𝑝
𝑅𝐹 =
𝑁
𝑁𝑝 = 0.15 𝑥 635098.36 𝑆𝑇𝐵 = 95264.75 𝑆𝑇𝐵
Economical Reserves
Today’s Crude Oil Price is 71.702 based on Brent Crude Oil meanwhile
the Net Revenue Interest is 81.25%. So that,

𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 𝑠𝑡𝑏 𝑥 𝑜𝑖𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑥 𝑁𝑅𝐼

𝑅𝑒𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛 =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
95264.75 𝑠𝑡𝑏 𝑥 71.702 𝑈𝑆𝐷 𝑥 0.8125
𝑅𝑒𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛 = = 20.18:1
275000 𝑈𝑆𝐷

Ratio return= 20.18 : 1 is an excellent return on investment. The

company will accepts this recommendation to re-enter the well.
THANK YOU 