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2.1
Up to now you have used algebra and
geometry to solve problems where
things are basically staying the same
or changing at the same rate.
Calculus is a branch of mathematics
that deals with things that are
changing.
y = f(x)
f(x) (x,f(x))
L
No matter how x approaches a,
f(x) (x,f(x))
f(x) approaches L.
x a x x
Left & Right Hand Limits
lim f ( x) lim f ( x)
x a xa
2
-5 5
lim x 3 0 -2 lim x 3 0
x 0 x 0
Theorem
10 50
40
5
30
The limit does
-10 -5 0 5 10
x 20 not exist for
-5 The limit exists 10 this function.
for this function.
-10
0 5 10 15 20
x
lim f ( x) 2 lim f ( x) 2 lim f ( x) 2
x 1 x 1 x 1
x2
lim x 4
2
x2
lim x 2 4
x2 2
lim x 2 4 -5
x2
lim f ( x) DNE
x 4
lim f ( x) DNE
x 1 lim f ( x) 2
x 3
lim f ( x) 1
x2
lim f ( x) DNE lim f ( x) 5 lim f ( x) 3
x 2 x4
x 8