I O S F S L S

V O L I O U E N T
G I O O O E L PA N T L S T
EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION
Major Evidence for Evolution
 Fossil record
 Homologous structures
 Embryological development
 1. FOSSIL RECORD
 What does the Fossil Record tell
us about organisms?
 Looks (size, shape, etc.)
 Where or how they lived
 What other organisms they lived
with.
 What time period they
lived in (based on
location in rock layers)
 What order living
things came in (based
on location in rock
layers)
 Transitional forms
 Organisms that were
intermediate
(between) two other
major organisms
 TYPES OF FOSSILS

 IMPRESSION  COMPRESSION
 IMPRESSION
 Impressions are two
dimensional imprints of an
organism that doesn't
contain any organic
material. An impression is a
clue left of the organism's
biological activity, they can
be formed while the
organism was moving or
any other biological activity.
 COMPRESSION
 Compression
fossil is a fossil
preserved
in sedimentary
rock that has
undergone physical
compression.
2. HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
 is an example of an organ or bone that
appears in different animals, underlining
anatomical commonalities demonstrating
descent from a common ancestor. In other
words, it's when very different animals have
bones that appear very similar in form or
function and seem to be related.
 Analogous Structures
 Analogous structures- bodily
structures that are similar in
function, but not in structure.
NOT EVIDENCE OF COMMON
ANCESTRY
 Example: wings of a bee and
wings of a bird
 DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
 Is the splitting of an
ancestral population
into two or more
populations that are
geographically
isolated from one
another.
 CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
 analogous structures
of unrelated
organisms from
different ancestors
develop similar
functions such as
butterfly wings and
bird wings.
4. EMBRYOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT

 Embryo- fertilized egg that will/is in the

process of growing into a new
individual

 Embryonic development also embryogenesis is

the process by which the embryo forms and
develops.
MOLECULAR/BIOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE
o DNA used to translate
nucleotide sequences into
amino acid is essentially the
same in all organisms
o Proteins in all organisms are
composed of the same set of
20 amino acids
o Powerful argument in favor
of the common descent of
the most diverse organisms.