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2. non-contact forces
1
This table indicates examples of the
different forces:
FN = F┴
Normal on a slope
4
Frictional forces always act in the opposite
direction to that of motion or potential motion.
2. Kinetic friction fk
5
The coefficient of friction is the ratio of the
normal force to the force of friction.
Depends on the material of the two surfaces.
There are 2 types:
1. The coefficient of static friction µs
7
fsmax is the maximum force due to static
friction just prior to the object starting
to move.
Net force 20 N
16 N 9
Calculate the coefficient of
kinetic friction on a vehicle of
mass 2 000 kg, if the force
due to friction is 500 N, when w = f = mg
g
moving at constant velocity = 2000 x 9,8
along a horizontal road. = 19 600 N
∴Normal = 19 600 N up.
µk= fk/N = 500 N/19 600 N = 0.0306
See example on pg 21
10
Force diagrams are pictures of the object
with forces acting on the object,
represented as arrows.
Applied
normal
A box is pulled by
a rope. We friction
indicate the forces
acting on the box
weight
as in the following
diagram.
11
Here the object is represented as a dot
with all the forces acting on the object
pointing away from the dot.
Applied
normal
This is how we
represent the
same box as a friction
weight
free body
diagram.
Free body diagram
12
Homework
• Page 21
• Exercise 2.2
• Number 1+2
13
•
14
•
15
•
16
Slope:
Fg‖
θ
x
r
θ
Fg┴
Fg y
gravitational force
Fg‖
θ
x
r
θ
Fg┴
Fg y
For the shaded triangle, the parallel component is:
Fg‖ = Fg sinθ
= (1 500 × 9,8) sin30°
= 7350 N
• Page 26
• Exercise 2.4
• Number 1 and 2
22