Arczone Vocabulary Presentation

Strategies in Teaching
Vocabulary
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Marla Candaza Papango

College of Languages, Linguistics and Literature
Philippine Normal University
Was the teacher trying to create math
destruction?
At New York's Kennedy airport today an
individual, later discovered to be a public school
teacher, was arrested presentation
trying are tobothboard a flight
under copyright of MCP
while in possession ofTechnologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

a ruler, aorprotractor,
with proper citation attribution. a
square, a slide rule, and a calculator.
The Attorney General believes the man is a
member of the notorious Al-gebra movement.
He is being charged with carrying weapons of
math instruction.
SOURCE: http://www.jokesclean.com/Misc/MathDestruction.php
"Al-gebra is a very fearsome cult, indeed", the
Attorney General said. "They desire average
solutions by means and extremes, and
sometimes go off on a tangent in a search of
absolute value. TheyThe consist ofunder
presentation are both quite shadowy
powerpoint background and the powerpoint
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figures, with names like "x"citation
with proper and "y", and,
or attribution.
although they are frequently referred to as
"unknowns", we know they really belong to a
common denominator and are part of the axis
of medieval with coordinates in every country.
"As the great Greek philanderer
Isosceles used to say, there are three
sides to every triangle."
When asked to comment on the arrest,
President Bush said, "If God had wanted
us to have better weapons of math
instruction, He would have given us

more fingers and toes.“
Was the teacher trying to create

math destruction?
Word formation
1. Acronym is the use of initial letter
or syllables of several words in
succession. The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
RAM - Random Access Memory with proper citation or attribution.
SCUBA – Self-contained Underwater

Breathing Apparatus
RADAR – Radio Detection and Ranging
LASER – Light Amplification of Stimulated
Emission of Radiation
Word formation
What do the following acronyms
stand for?
USB universal serialThebus
ISP internet service provider
WiFi wireless fidelity (for wireless networking)
RAM random access memory
NASA National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
Word formation
2. Back-formation is a process in which
a word changes its form and function.
Word of one type, which is usually a noun,
is reduced and used as a
The powerpoint verb.
background and the powerpoint
Peddle - formed from the word peddler
(It was incorrectly interpreted as

meaning “one who peddles”)
Lasing - formed from the noun laser; it

means the process of using laser
Word formation
2. Back-formation occurs when words
are morphologically interpreted
incorrectly.
arms meaning weapon was backformed
to arm to mean provide weapons
typewrite from typewriter

edit was backformed from editor
stargaze from stargazer

Word formation
2. Back-formation occurs when words
are morphologically interpreted
incorrectly.
Automate from automation
Auto-destruct from auto-destruction
Choreograph from choreography
Dry-clean from dry-cleaning

Word formation
3. Compounding uses two or three
words put together to make a full form.
Most often the meaning of the word is
different from its parts. Sometimes
presentation it
are both under copyright is
of the
MCP
meaning of the two words putor attribution.
with proper citation together.
doghouse
birdbath
pigeonhole
bookcase
Word formation
3. Compounding uses two or three
words put together to make a full form.
earthquake The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
heatstroke Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
seashell
wildlife
ladybug
butterfly
Study the following words for 1 minute. Then, write
down as many compound words for 2 minutes.
TEA STORM
PE WASH S ER
P I
S H OP DRAIN
VE Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
WA WORK
I T TE R
F
SH
B R A IN EE
LINE T
STATIO DEAD
N
Word formation
4. Blending is formed by fusing or putting
two words together. Usually the first part
of one word is blended or fused with the
last part of another.presentation
The are blended word
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then gets its meaning from
with proper citationthe two words
or attribution.
put together.
sitcom - situational + comedy
modem - modulator + demodulator
camcorder - camera + recorder
smog – smoke + fog
Word formation
4. Blending is formed by fusing or putting
two words together.
Digicam The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
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Brunch
Simulcast
Webcast
Word formation
5. Borrowing is the integration of a word
from one language into another. Almost
40% of English words are borrowed
from other languages.

cliché (French)
concerto (Italian)
café (French)
yacht (Dutch)
robot (Czechoslovakia)
Word formation
5. Borrowing is the integration of a word
from one language into another.
bonsai Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
déjà vu
karaoke
ramen
silk
smorgasbord
Word formation
6. Clipping means to cut off the beginning or
the end of the word. It may mean cutting
from both ends, leaving a part to stand for
the whole. presentation are both under copyright of MCP
gym Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

deli
phone
math
fax
Word formation
6. Clipping means to cut off the
beginning or the end of the word. It may
mean cutting from both ends, leaving a
part to stand for thepresentation
whole. are both under copyright of MCP
blog memo
chem pub
psycho gas
exam pop (music)
flu sci-fi
Word formation
7. Coinage is the creation of a novel or
new word for something, many times
something that is new to the language.
Sandwich (from the Earl of Sandwich)
Plexiglas (which is also a blend of
plastic, flexible, and glass)
xerox
Volt, hertz, Celsius (science)
Eponym - A person whose name is or is thought to be the
source of the name of something, such as a city, country, or era.
For example, Romulus is the eponym of Rome.
Word formation
8. Derivation is formed by adding
derivational morphemes to existing ones.
anti + dis + establish + ment
The powerpoint + aryand+thean
background + ism
powerpoint
antidisestablishmentarianism
It is commonly known as the longest word in the

English language, excluding coined and technical
terms not found in major dictionaries.
Word formation
9. Functional Shift A new word may also
be formed by treating an already existing
word as if it were a The
member of a different
syntactic category. presentation are both under copyright of MCP
Meal (n) – has become a verb meal

Beach (n) - has become a verb meaning
“to get stuck on a beach”
Vocabulary Development
Structural Analysis. Words are

made up of the smallest meaningful
units calledThemorphemes.
powerpoint background and The visual
the powerpoint
scrutiny of presentation
unfamiliar wordsmaytobeidentify
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morphemes is called structural

analysis. Knowing the roots, prefixes,

and suffixes of words helps reveal the
meaning of the total word form.
vid/vis junct agog pol/polis
(to see) (to join) (leader) (city,state)
200 200 200 200
used in joins together
teacher keeps public
video
transmission sentences,
Conjunc- pedagogue order and police
or reception clauses,
of images
tion&The powerpoint background and thesafety
phrases powerpoint
words presentation are both under copyright of MCP
500 500 with proper citation500
or attribution. 500
a system for a critical time assembly or art or science
television
transmitting orjuncture
state of synagogue
congregation of politics
images and affairs government
sounds
1000 1000 1000 1000
hidden a place of appeals to
demagogue Tripoli
Combination
invisible junction
point of emotions and of three cities
meeting prejudices of
people
anthrop human
aster, astr star GREEK ROOTS
auto self/alone
bibl book The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
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crac, crat govern

dem people
geo earth
http://www.awrsd.org/oak/Library/greek_and_latin_root_words.htm
port carry
GREEK ROOTS
scrib, script write
spec look., see
stat stand, put in place

vers, vert turn

vid, vis see
voc, vok call
vol wish
capt take, hold LATIN ROOTS
cede, cess yield, give away

cred believe The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
dic, dict speak, say

duc, duct lead

fac,fec do, make
mit, miss send
pon, pos, place, put
mal = bad
PREFIXES mis = wrong
non = not
pre = before
bene = good presentation are both under copyright of MCP
sub =orunder, below

circum = around with proper citation attribution.
com = with equi = equal

con = together extra = outside
col = together inter = between, among
intra = within
intro = into
PREFIXES with more than one meaning
ab-, a = not, away, up, out

dis = opposite ofThe,powerpoint
depriving background of and the powerpoint
In- (ir, il, im) = not
pro = in favor of, forward, ahead
re = again, back
super = over and above, very large
trans = across, beyond
un = not, the opposite of
SUFFIXES – one who does something
ant – accountant
eer – electioneer
er – stenographer
ist – typist
ian – physician
or – inventor
SUFFIXES – one who does something

SUFFIXES – abstract words
ance – reluctance
ence – dependence
hood – childhood
dom –freedom
ment – improvement
ness – shyness
ship – authorship
SUFFIXES – full of
ous – hazardous
ose – grandiose
acious – sagacious
ful – painful
SUFFIXES –related or pertaining to
ive – creative
ative – talkative
ant – defiant
ic – Arabic
ical – philosophical
al – lyrical
SUFFIXES – abstract words
ation – determination
tion – correction
ice – cowardice
ism – socialism
tude – gratitude
ty – loyalty
ity – equality
Word families - a word family is a
group of words that have a common root.
grammar, telegram, program, anagram,
epigram The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
credit, incredible, discredit,
with proper citation orcredibility,
attribution.
credence
geography, geology, geometry
vision, televise, revise, visible, visit
station, thermostat, statue, status,
stationary
Word families - a word family is a
group of words that have a common root.
disaster, aster, asteroid,
astronomy presentation are both under copyright of MCP
bibliography, bibliophile, bible,

bibliomania
dictate, dictaphone, prediction,
benediction, malediction
Contextual Clues
1. Definition is considered the simplest and
most obvious way by which the meaning of a
word is revealed. The be verb is used to
equate the term to presentation
be defined to the
are both under familiar
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word in the sentence.
Morphology is a sub
discipline of linguistics
that studies word
structure.
Contextual Clues
2. Restatement may be in the form of
synonyms, examples, elaboration by
the use of modifiers,
presentation and
are both under pairing
copyright of MCP closely
related words. It isor usually
with proper citation attribution. introduced
by signal words: that is, for example,
such as, like, in the way, that, in other
words, what this means, etc. It may
also be signaled by the dash and the
parentheses.
Contextual Clues
Restatement
• It is refreshing to see students so
excited and enthusiastic in doing
their projects,
with properbecause their zeal in
citation or attribution.
finishing the tasks is simply

inspiring.
• Piscatorial creatures such as
flounder, salmon, and trout live in
the coldest parts of the ocean.
Contextual Clues
3. Synonym is a word that means essentially
the same thing as another word. It is usually
preceded by the function word or. Sometimes
the synonym mayarebe
presentation bothfound in another
sentence Technologies.
within the Theparagraph.
presentation may be reproduced only
• His guilt and regret shows that

his remorse was real.
• The mountain pass was a
tortuous road, winding and
twisting around the trees of the
mountainside.
Contextual Clues
4. Antonym is the opposite or
contrasting word that may serve as a
clue to the The
unfamiliar word.
• Abigaile’s remarks are generally
not cryptic, but straightforward.

• The twins Abby and Joshua are
really different. Abby is lively and
talkative while Joshua is reserved
and taciturn.
Contextual Clues
Inference requires reading between lines to
see connections and relationships not explicitly
stated in a particularThepassage.
John burst out of the woods and found himself at the
edge of a precipice. Clinging to a boulder, he gazed
down dizzily at the blue ribbon of river below.
Ganie could not help but yawn as the speaker

discussed the topic. The dull speaking voice of the
lecturer and the very difficult topic made the entire
session vapid.
Homophones & Words with
Multiple Meanings
• Susan bought a bar of soap.

• The soldiers tried to
The bar the
powerpoint enemies.
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• The brilliant student passed
Technologies. the bar
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may be reproduced only
examination.
Multiple Context

• Butterflies fly from flower to
flower. with proper citation or attribution.
• How high did the boy fly his kite?

• Airplanes fly regularly from
Manila to Cagayan de Oro.
Vocabulary Cs
• Collocation
• Cline
• Cluster The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
• Chaining Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
TYPES OF COLLOCATION
1. Verb + noun - throw a party
accept responsibility
2. Adjective + noun - square meal
grim determination
3. Verb + adjective + noun – take

vigorous exercise
make steady progress
4. Noun + noun - pay packet / window frame
5. Adverb + verb - strongly suggest
barely see
6. Adverb + adjective - utterly amazed

completely useless
7. Adverb + adjective + noun - totally

unacceptable behavior
8. Adjective + preposition - guilty of /
blamed for / happy about
Vocabulary Cs - CLINE
1. sometimes, perpetually, often, repeatedly
sometimes, often,
repeatedly, perpetually
2. tepid, boiling, hot, warm
tepid, warm, hot, boiling

3. hurry, saunter, tear, walk
saunter, walk, hurry,

tear
4. ecstasy, pleasure, interest, delight
interest, pleasure, delight, ecstasy
5. mighty, strong, invincible, powerful

strong, powerful, mighty, invincible

6. dull, pitchy, dark, darkish
dull, darkish, dark, pitchy

7. dread, fear, terror, fright
fear, fright, terror, dread
8. noise, uproar, whisper, din background and the powerpoint
The powerpoint
whisper, noise, din, uproar
9. chilly, cold, cool, frigid

cool, chilly, cold, frigid
10.quarrel, warfare, squabble, feud
squabble, quarrel, feud, warfare
D. Concept/Definition Map (Schwartz
and Raphael, 1985), also known as the
Frayer model (Frayer, Fredrick, and
Klausmeier, 1969).
develops students’
conceptual knowledge
about a topic
show hierarchical
relationships of associated
concepts
Concept/Definition Map
(Schwartz and Raphael, 1985)
WHAT IS IT? WHAT IS IT LIKE?

TERM
MAMMALS
WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES?

E. Frayer Model is an adaptation of the Word
Map strategy. The Frayer Model is a graphical
model used for word analysis and vocabulary
building. Definition Characteristics
A solid made of Glassy
atoms arranged in The Clear colored
an powerpoint background and the powerpoint
Brightly colored
ordered presentation are both under copyright of MCP
pattern
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presentation
with proper citation or attribution.Patterned
Glimmer or sparkle
CRYSTALS
Examples Non-examples
Metals
Rocks Coal
Sugar Pepper
Snowflakes Lava
Salt
F. Possible Sentences allows students to
predict word meanings and verify the
accuracy of their predictions as they read
the text.
It is designed to help students determine
the meaning of unknown words by
pairing them with known words in

sentences they think might possibly be
found in the text.
F. Possible Sentences
POSSIBLE SENTENCES
Topic: Computer
1. Study the following words. As a group, define the words, and
then select pairs of related words from the list.
Network presentation are both under copyright of MCP
Modem with proper citation or attribution.
Administrator
ISP (internet service provider)
URL (universal resource locator)
Hyperlink
Websites
search engine
POSSIBLE SENTENCES
Topic: Nature
1. Study the following words. As a group, define the words,
and then select pairs of related words from the list.
• pollution presentation are both under copyright of MCP
• rising sea levels with proper citation or attribution.
• global warming
• carbon footprint
• aerosol
• illnesses
• La niña
• El niño
POSSIBLE SENTENCES
Topic: Computer
2. Write your word pairs on the lines below.

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Write a sentence that might appear in the text you’re about

to read for each of the word pairs given what you know about
the subject area and the title.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
POSSIBLE SENTENCES
Topic: Computer
4. Read the text to check the accuracy of your sentences.

5. Rewrite sentences thatwith
areproper
not accurate.
citation or attribution.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
G. Probable Passages
PROBABLE PASSGES
Topic: Little Red Riding Hood
1. Select important terms and concepts from the text to be read

Forest Teeth
Home Safe
cabin Closet
Help Home
wolf Disguise
Lumberjack Eat
Grandma visit
PROBABLE PASSGES
2. Have the students categorize them according to the story or the

text. Narrative elementspresentation
would include
are bothsetting, characters,
problems, outcomes, unknown
Technologies. The presentation may beExpository
words, to discover. reproduced only
elements would includewith
who, what,
proper when,
citation where, why, how.
or attribution.
Setting Characters Problem Solution Ending

PROBABLE PASSGES
3. Introduce the probable passage matrix and ask the students to

complete it using the vocabulary
presentationwords
are both categorized inMCP
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with proper citation
PROBABLE PASSAGEor attribution.
MATRIX
Story: Little Red Riding Hood
The story takes place ___________________________________________________
In the story, ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
____
The story ends _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
__
H. List-Group-Label (Taba, 1967) also
called semantic mapping (Johnson and
Pearson, 1984) helps in activating
students’ schema about related concepts.
It encourages students to free
associate terms related to a
stimulus topic, and then to group

and label these terms.
H. List-Group-Label (Taba, 1967)
1. Write the topic on the

chalkboard or on an overhead
transparency.
2. Elicit from the entire class all background and the powerpoint
The powerpoint
the words or phrasesTechnologies.
studentsThe presentation may be reproduced only
can associate with the topic.
Accept and record all

responses at this point. A list of
20 to 30 words should be
generated.
Channel Producer Percentage Reality shows
Transmitter Documentary Timeslot Satellite dish
Director Screen Advertisement Cable
Remote Primetime Talk shows Production
control News Survey assistant
Anime Rating Actors
presentation Sponsors
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Soap opera Couch Station
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Sedentary potatoes manager Viewing
3. Divide the class in small groups and have

students group the words that have been listed on
the basis of something they have in common. In
this step words that do not belong will usually be
recognized and deleted.
Group/Label Words

4. Once categories of words have been identified,

students decide on a label for each group.
5. This activity can be extended by adding a writing
exercise in which students summarize what they
have learned about the topic.
I. Feature Analysis (also called semantic
feature analysis by Johnson and
Pearson, 1984)
improve students’ vocabulary

and The
categorization skillsof MCP
presentation are both under copyright
understand the similarities and
differences in related words

expand and retain content area
vocabulary words and concepts
I. Feature Analysis
SPORTS FEATURES
Indoor Outdoor Individual Team Rough
Badminton
Basketball The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
Bowling Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
Boxing
Chess
Swimming
Soccer
Volleyball
I. Feature Analysis
FEATURES Traditional Stories
Fable Fairytale Legend Myth
The story is fictitious.
It combines fact and fiction.
Characters are not humans.
The story includes animals that talk. The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
The story explains why certain things presentation are both under copyright of MCP
happen. Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
The story includes some sort of magic.
It is popularly regarded as true.
Revolves around the lives of gods and
goddesses.
The story ends with specific moral or
lesson
I. Feature Analysis
FEATURES Traditional Stories
Fable Fairytale Legend Myth
The story is fictitious.
It combines fact and fiction.
Characters are not humans.
The story includes animals that talk. The powerpoint background and the powerpoint
The story explains why certain things presentation are both under copyright of MCP
happen. Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only
The story includes some sort of magic.
It is popularly regarded as true.
Revolves around the lives of gods and
goddesses.
The story ends with specific moral or
lesson
Vocabulary instruction requires patience
and preparation. It is an on-going
process. However, the love for words
and the strategies The
in learning words start
at a young age. Therefore,

with proper citation or teachers
attribution.
need to conduct vocabulary instruction

strategically and creatively.

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Strategies in Teaching

Marla Candaza Papango

while in possession ofTechnologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

instruction, He would have given us

Was the teacher trying to create

RAM - Random Access Memory with proper citation or attribution.

SCUBA – Self-contained Underwater

(It was incorrectly interpreted as

Lasing - formed from the noun laser; it

typewrite from typewriter

stargaze from stargazer

Auto-destruct from auto-destruction

Choreograph from choreography

Dry-clean from dry-cleaning

VE Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

Edutainmentpresentation are both under copyright of MCP

from other languages.

gym Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

It is commonly known as the longest word in the

Meal (n) – has become a verb meal

Structural Analysis. Words are

morphemes is called structural

analysis. Knowing the roots, prefixes,

aster, astr star GREEK ROOTS

bi, bio life Technologies. The presentation may be reproduced only

crac, crat govern

stat stand, put in place

vers, vert turn

cede, cess yield, give away

dic, dict speak, say

duc, duct lead

sub =orunder, below

circum = around with proper citation attribution.

com = with equi = equal

ab-, a = not, away, up, out

The powerpoint background and the powerpoint

SUFFIXES –related or pertaining to

bibliography, bibliophile, bible,

finishing the tasks is simply

• His guilt and regret shows that

not cryptic, but straightforward.

Ganie could not help but yawn as the speaker

• Susan bought a bar of soap.

The powerpoint background and the powerpoint

• How high did the boy fly his kite?

3. Verb + adjective + noun – take

6. Adverb + adjective - utterly amazed

7. Adverb + adjective + noun - totally

tepid, warm, hot, boiling

saunter, walk, hurry,

5. mighty, strong, invincible, powerful

strong, powerful, mighty, invincible

6. dull, pitchy, dark, darkish

dull, darkish, dark, pitchy

9. chilly, cold, cool, frigid

The powerpoint background and the powerpoint

WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES?

pairing them with known words in

2. Write your word pairs on the lines below.

3. Write a sentence that might appear in the text you’re about

4. Read the text to check the accuracy of your sentences.

Topic: Little Red Riding Hood

1. Select important terms and concepts from the text to be read

Topic: Little Red Riding Hood