World Science Forum - Budapest

11 November 2005: Hungarian Academy of Sciences

Science & Technology in Society

forum
- Lights and Shadows -

Hiroyuki Yoshikawa
President
National Institute of Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology (AIST)
 STS forum: Fundamental Concept (1)

This forum aims to provide a new mechanism

for open discussions on an informal basis, and
to build a community that would, in time,
resolve new types of problems stemming from
the application of science and technology.
 STS forum; Fundamental Concept (2)

✯ 20th century’s progress of Science & Technology

➣ Brought prosperity and enriched the quality of life for much mankind.
➣ However, benefits are not reaching a major part of the world’s
people.
➣ Advance of science and technology raises important issues;
- increasingly complex in context of the globalized world,
- beyond the control of any single country,
- beyond the reach of the scientific community alone,
- benefit sometimes turns into evils
(e.g.)
- harmonizing economic development with global warming,
- preventing terrorism,
- controlling infectious diseases,
- assessing the potential health benefits and ethical factors related
to human cloning technology, etc…
 STS forum; Fundamental Concept (3)
✯ 21st century’s progress of Science & Technology
➣ expected to accelerate and be required to provide for
sustainable human development !
The Time has come for not only academicians and researchers
but also legislators, business people and journalists from all
over the world to meet and discuss science and technology
issues.

Science and Technology in Society Forum (STS forum)

Multi-national, multi-stakeholder approach is indispensable.
The leaders of scientist, politician, businessman in the world meet and discuss
crucial matters for the future of humankind.
 STS forum; Organization
World Leaders agree the concept of the STS forum and considering topics
what we should discuss to solve current global issues.
✯ Initial Founders；

➣ Mr. Koji Omi, Member, House of Representative, Former Minister of State for
Science and Technology Policy (JPN)
➣ Prof. Bruce Alberts, Former President, National Academy of Science (USA)
➣ Lord Sainsbury of Turville, Parliamentary Under Secretary of State
for Science and Innovation (UK)
➣ Prof. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President, National Institute of Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology (JPN), Former President of ICSU
✯ Council Members;
➣ 48 Council Members from 19 countries and region, 1 int’l organization
(as of October 2005)
✯ Secretariat (Tokyo, JPN)
 STS forum; Summary 2005 (1)
The Second Annual Meeting: Sept. 11-13 in Kyoto, Japan
✯ Approx. 500 World Leaders from 56 countries and regions
participated in total
Scientists and researchers including 10 Nobel Laureates and 22 university presidents,
policymakers including 17 ministers, business executives and opinion leaders
✯ Overall Theme of the Second Annual Meeting：
Sustainable Future
His Imperial Highness the Crown Prince of Japan addressed:
“Science and technology should be used appropriately for the future
of our planet earth, including all the living species and the
environment, in addition to human beings..”
Mr. Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan addressed；
“Environmental protection and economic development are mutually
achievable and sustainable. It is science and technology that hold the
key to achieving the dual goals. ”
 STS forum; Summary 2005 (2)
6 – Plenary Session, 24 – Concurrent Session, Official Dinner,
Working Lunch, and other various events
Themes of Plenary Sessions:
- Science and Technology in Society;
- Women in Science (Luncheon Session);
- Summaries from Concurrent Sessions;
- Innovation as a Source of Growth;
- Act Now for the Future

Themes of Concurrent Sessions:

A B C D E F
Sustainability IT’s Impact
Life Capacity Human New
– Energy and on Human
Sciences Building Security Frontiers
Environment Society
 STS forum; Summary 2005 (3)
Concurrent Sessions (A and B series):

A) Sustainability – Energy and Environment

- Global Warming and CO2 Emission Control
- Longterm Energy Paths
- Strategies for Efficient and Renewable Energy Use

B) Life Sciences:
- Ethical Aspects of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine
- New Applications of Genomics to Agriculture
- Translation of Science to the Marketplace:
The Development of Medicine for Global Health
 STS forum; Summary 2005 (4)
Concurrent Sessions (C and D series):

C) IT’s Impact on Human Society:

- Interoperatibility
- Digital Archiving
- Security / Privacy

D) Capacity Building:
- Science Education and Communication
- University Reform
- Intellectual Property Rights
 STS forum; Summary 2005 (5)
Concurrent Sessions (E and F series):

E) Science and Technology for Human Security:

- Infectious Diseases
- Science and Technology to Reduce the Vulnerability of Critical
Infrastructures
- Science and Technology against Natural Disasters

F) New Frontiers Opened by Science and Technology:

- New Frontiers Opened by IT (Information and Communication Technology)
- New Frontiers Opened by NT (Nano-Technology)
- New Frontiers Opened by Manufacturing
 STS forum 2005: STATEMENT (1)

“It is important for all people, regardless of their

background, to consider Science and Technology
issues as their own.

Recognizing that both the Lights and Shadows of

Science and Technology will have a great impact on the
human race, we agreed that Science and Technology
should not control Humankind; Humankind should
control Science and Technology.”
 STS forum 2005: STATEMENT (2)

Framework for Sustainable Future:

A practical and effective framework that all countries will participate
in, to deal with CO2 emissions and other climate-forcing emissions.

Renewable Energy Sources:

Further Development of renewable energy sources:
Solar, Biomass, Hydrogen, and, Nuclear Fission Power under strict
conditions of safety and non-proliferation

Bioethics Issues:
To try to establish common international standards concerning
bioethics that will enable researchers in all countries to collaborate and
have the opportunity to be equally productive in their research activities
 STS forum 2005: STATEMENT (3)

ICT’s impact on Human Society:

Further development of ICT will build a thriving future for humankind.
Interoperability, Security and Privacy Protection are imperative for information
society.
Digital Archiving for equal access to science and technology knowledge is
important.
Resolving the digital divide issue will be of common benefit to humankind.

Education for All:

Universal access to education, regardless of gender, race or national
origin, is vital for our future.

Intellectural Property Rights (IPR):

A global, integrated system of IPR was proposed and supported by
many participants.
 STS forum 2005: STATEMENT (4)
Science and Technology for Human Security:
Against Terrorism:
To prevent the use of science and technology by terrorists;
To use science and technology to defend against terrorism
Against Infectious Diseases
Developing vaccines and medical therapies against infectious diseases like
AIDS is crucial for mankind’s future and is one of the most important fields
where science and technology can make a contribution.
Against Natural Disasters
International cooperation to establish early warning, human safety and rescue
systems is strongly needed.

STS forum, the scene of the latest Science and Technology:

STS forum serves as an important venue for exchanging views on the
latest discoveries and innovations in Science and Technology and their
impact on humankind.
 STS forum; Format of the Sessions

Panel

Participants
Speaker

Participants

Rapporteur

CONCURRENT SESSIONS PLENARY SESSIONS

and 1st Series of CONCURRENT SESSIONS
STS forum 2005; Scenes from the Sessions
 STS forum 2005: Participants(1)
o

Others (Media, NPOs, NGOs, etc.): 20%

a

Academia: 38%
Policy Makers: 15%

p Business: 27%

Participated Principals in % – Constituency

 STS forum 2005: Participants(2)
Princi- Princi- Princi-
No. Nationality pals No. Nationality pals No. Nationality pals

1 AUSTRALIA 4 21 INDONESIA 1 41 PAKISTAN 1

2 AUSTRIA 5 22 IRAN 1 42 PHILIPPINES 1

3 BANGLADESH 1 23 IRELAND 2 43 PORTUGAL 1

4 BELGIUM 2 24 ISRAEL 1 44 ROMANIA 1

5 BRAZIL 8 25 ITALY 3 45 RWANDA 1

6 BULGARIA 1 26 JAMAICA 1 46 SINGAPORE 3

7 CANADA 12 27 JAPAN 114 47 SOUTH AFRICA 2

8 CHINA 5 28 KAZAKHSTAN 1 48 SUDAN 2

9 CHINESE TAIPEI 1 29 KENYA 2 49 SWEDEN 5

10 CZECH REPUBLIC 3 30 KOREA 6 50 SWITZERLAND 4

11 DENMARK 2 31 LITHUANIA 3 51 TAJIKISTAN 1

12 EGYPT 9 32 LUXEMBOURG 1 52 THAILAND 19

13 FINLAND 7 33 MALAWI 1 53 TUNISIA 1

14 FRANCE 11 34 MALAYSIA 3 54 U.K. 16

15 GERMANY 20 35 MOZAMBIQUE 1 55 U.S.A. 79

16 GREECE 2 36 MYANMAR 1 56 VIETNAM 3

17 HONG KONG 1 37 NETHERLANDS 6

18 HUNGARY 2 38 NEW ZEALAND 2 Principals Total 396

19 ICELAND 1 39 NORWAY 1 Accompanying Persons 88

20 INDIA 7 40 OMAN 1 Spouses 29

Reporting Press 52

Grand Total 565

 STS forum 2005: Participants(3)

HUNGARY, 2

JAPAN, 114

INDIA, 7

FINLAND, 7
BRAZIL, 8
EGYPT, 9
FRANCE, 11
CANADA, 12
U.K., 16 U.S.A., 79
THAILAND, 19
GERMANY, 20

Participated Principals in number – Nationalities

 STS forum; Participation
✯ Modalities for Participation:
➣ Participation upon invitation only.

➣ Participants are requested to make their own travel arrangements to the venue.

➣ Participation fee: US$1,000 (business), US$500 (other)

This covers all sessions (including simultaneous interpretation into English
whenever necessary, documents and all meals mentioned in the program). In order to
facilitate networking amongst participants, a Japanese cell phone will be rented fee
of charge to all principal participants, together with a telephone list.

➣ Accompanying spouse programs and other post-conference tours (science and

technology focused) in the region will be organized.

➣Registration will be made online.

 History of Society-Scientists Communication
（In the case of Global Warming)

1860 Tyndall : Indication of possibility of climate change due to constituent

change of air
1896 Svante Arrhenius : Calculation of air temperature increase when
doubled the CO2 content in the air
1958 Charles Keeling : Beginning of CO2 observation

1967 Shukuro Manabe : Calculation of temperature increase by CO2

( CO2 doubled 2.4 ̊ C)
1979 US National Academy of Sciences : (CO2 doubled 3 ̊ C ±1.5˚C)

1985 SCOPE(ICSU) + WMO + UNEP : Science – Society collaboration

International Conference on the Assessment of the Role of Carbon Oxide
and of Other Green House Gases in Climate Variation and Associated
Impacts, Villach-Austria

1986 ICSU : Inauguration of IGBP

1987 Vireggio Conf. : Representatives of National Governments
1987 (Sustainable Development by Brundtland)
1998 Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 1st Meeting
1990 Huston Summit, Framework Convention for Climate Change (FCCC)
proposal
1991 1st Meeting of FCCC
1991 ASCEND by ICSU
1992 Adoption of FCCC
1992 UNCED ( Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro ) by UN
1992~ Conferences of the Parties (COP)
1997 COP-3 Kyoto Protocol
2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg) by UN
 A Process : Observation Warning Action
1800

J. Fourier (1827) “Greenhouse Effect”

1850
J.Tyndall (1860) Effect of air constituent to climate
Observation

1900 S.Arrhenius (1896) Calculation of CO2/Temperature

1950
C. Keeling (1958) Measurement of CO2
Warning S. Manabe, R. Wetherald (1967) Calculation of CO2/Temperature
J. Bruce (Villach Conf. ,1985) Consensus among Scientists
G. Brundtland (UN Commission, 1987)
2000 Earth Summit (1992) Acceptance by Society
Action
 Information Cycle for Better Use of Scientific
Knowledge

Actors Society,
in Society Environment
Facts
Actions
engineers
business humans
Observing
statesmen Actors Scientists
policymakers
administrators
educators
writers Advices and Data and theory
Designing
artists knowledge
for actions Scientists
journalists

etc… (Scientists in Society)

 Conditions of STS Forum
Better Communication Between Society and Scientists

1.Equal Footing
Statesmen, Businessmen and Scientists have equal responsibility
for organizing and running the forum.

2.Individual Participation
Any participants are not representing institutions they belong to,
but personal.

3.Wide view
Participants are not requested deep specific expertise but
wisdom backed by wide knowledge.

4.New perspective
This forum aims at creating new perspective for science and
society.
 STS forum; Plan 2006
➣ Date: Sunday 10 – Tuesday 12, September, 2006

➣ Venue: Kyoto International Conference Hall, Japan

(http://www.kich.or.jp/en/index.html)
 STS forum; Contact
For more information for STS forum, Please contact to:
STS forum Secretariat (in Tokyo, Japan)
Tel: +81-3-3519-3351; Fax: +81-3-3519-3352
E-Mail: information@stsforum.org; URL: http://www.stsforum.org