SOLAR ENERGY

APPLICATIONS
 SOLAR ENERGY
APPLICATIONS

THERMAL PHOTOVOLATAICS

Solar Cookers  Home Lighting Systems

Steam Cooking  Street Lighting Systems
Solar Water Heating  Water Pumping Systems
Systems
Solar Dyers
 Solar Thermal Technology
In this process, the heat energy from solar
radiation is directly utilized for different
applications like –
• Cooking
• Water Heating
• Drying
• Steam Generation
• Desalination etc.
It has four main parts i.e. outer box, main cover with
mirror/reflector and double walled glass lid for the
inner box. Each cooker is provided with a set of
four/three cooking vessels.
The Solar cooker is to be kept in the sun in open
space free from any shadow. Adjust the cooker in
such a way that the reflecting mirror faces the sun
and adjust the angle of the mirror to let the
reflected rays fall on transparent glass lid. Tighten
the position of the mirror with fixing hinges.
 (contd.)

Place the cooking vessels inside the cooker and

close the lid properly. It is necessary to adjust
the direction of the cooker after every 25-30
minutes such that the mirror always faces the sun
and reflected rays fall on double glass lid. The
time taken to cook three/four dishes at a time
will depend on the type of food to be cooked and
season and also varies between one hour to over
two hours on a clear sunny day. It also acts a hot
pack since it keeps cooked food hot for 4 to 5
hours.
SOLAR BOX COOKERS (contd)
 Solar Box Type cookers are
suitable for small sized
families and come in various
models with two, three or four
cooking vessels.
 The food is cooked at lower
temperatures ranging from
110 to 140 degree centigrade
preserving the nutritious value.
 There is no personal attention
required during the cooking
process. After cooking is
completed it acts like hot-box
keeping the food warm.
SOLAR BOX COOKERS (Contd.)

 Depending on number of
vessels 3-4 items can be
cooked at a time. 

 Introducing such cookers in a

large scale can contribute to
conservation of fire wood,
kerosene, LPG etc resulting in
better environment.
 PARABOLIC DISH
SOLAR COOKERS

This is a concentrating type parabolic dish

solar cooker with aperture diameter of 1.4
meter and focal length 0.28 meter. The
cooker consists of paraboloid dish with
reflecting material of anodized aluminum
sheets having reflectivity of over 80% and
reflection stand. Instantaneous power available
at the bottom of the cooking vessel is about
0.6 KW.
 PARABOLIC DISH
SOLAR COOKERS
(Contd.)

The cooking vessel is to be kept in the stand

arranged at the focal point of the cooker. The
temperature attained at the bottom of the
vessel could be around 350° to 400°C. This
temperature is sufficient for roasting, frying
and boiling. This cooker can cook food for 10-
15 people. This cooker can be used from 8AM
to 4PM.
 PARABOLIC DISH
SOLAR COOKERS (contd.)
• In parabolic solar
cookers the solar rays
are concentrated on
the cooking vessel,
which is painted black,
and placed at the
focal point of the
parabolic dish
 
• Due to higher
temperatures cooking is
faster than in box
cooker and frying etc
is possible.
 PARABOLIC DISH
SOLAR COOKERS (Contd.)
• Different sizes of these
models are available to suit
the customer requirements.
• Such cookers can also help in
reducing the fire wood crisis.
• These can be used for income
generation by catering to
small communities cooking
purpose at village and small
town levels. They can replace
kerosene stoves normally
being used by road side
vendors.
 PARABOLIC DISH
SOLAR COOKERS (Contd.)
 Economical and eco friendly.

 Pressure cookers upto 12

liters capacity can be used.

 Useful for sterilization.

 Saves about 10 LPG

cylinders per annum and Pay
back period 1½ to 2 years.
 COMMUNITY SOLAR COOKERS

A 7 or 9.5 sq. metre dish placed about 10 ft

away from opening of north wall concentrates
solar rays on the secondary reflector placed in
the kitchen which in turn deflects the same on
the cooking vessel.

The cooker is ideal for community cooking. Food

for about 50 people can be cooked.
COMMUNITY SOLAR
COOKERS (Contd.)
 Temperature attained at the
bottom of the vessel is about
400 C.
 Facilitates Indoor cooking.
 Automatic tracking of the sun
after initial setting of the
system in the morning.
 Conventional Fuel saving of
Around 35-40 LPG cylinders
per year on full use in
community kitchens.
 Pay back period 4-5 years
A VIEW OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST SOLAR STEAM
COOKING SYSTEM INSTALLED AT TIRUMALA,
CHITTOOR DISTRICT
(Used For Preparation Of Meals For 30,000 Pilgrims Per Day)
A series of automatically tracked parabolic concentrators of 9.5 sq.mtr
area reflect the sun rays focused on both sides of receivers, connected to a
12 inch diameter header pipe, half filled with de-mineralized water.
Instantaneous power available at the receiver will be 5.7 KW.
The receivers and header pipe are insulated to avoid heat loss.
When the water gets heated in the receiver, it starts moving up in the
header through one pipe and the cold water from the header starts coming
into the receiver through second pipe under thermo- syphon principle.
This cycle goes on and steam is generated in the header. The steam
pressure starts building up in the header pipes immediately and is sufficient
to deliver the steam in the kitchen for cooking purpose.

An oil-fired boiler is connected to the system to ensure the required steam
always available in the kitchen even on non-sunny days.
SOLAR STEAM COOKING
SYSTEMS (contd.)
• Solar Steam Cooking
offers a solution when
food for more than 500
people needs to be
cooked like educational
institutions, ashrams,
gurudwaras,canteens.
• Are ideal for large
community cooking and
not only does it save
fuel and environment but
also offers convenient
and quick cooking. 
SOLAR STEAM COOKING
SYSTEMS (contd.)
• The system is integrated
with back-up boiler and
thus cooking can continue
even during non sunshine
hours like early morning,
late evening and on cloudy
days.
• The system can be
fabricated locally by
imparting training to the
entrepreneur who can
employ local youth in
fabrication, installation and
maintenance work.
SOLAR DRYERS
 Cabinet type solar dryers are
ideal for drying of spices,
fruits, vegetables and
medicinal products.
 Dryers are available in sizes
ranging from 8 kgs to 50 Kgs
capacity.
 Solar dryers are an ideal
system for getting value
addition to the items dried in
it.
SOLAR DRYERS (contd.)
 The drying process is hygienic
and the dried product will also
be of better quality compared to
open sun drying.
 These systems can create self
employment for rural youth as
the produce can be marketed
with value addition at local levels
and has good export potential to
urban areas and abroad. Some
youth can become entrepre-
neurs and can employ local youth
for collection, processing,
packing, marketing etc.
SOLAR DESALINATION
SYSTEMS
• Safe drinking water is a major
problem for rural communities
• With Solar Concentrators
water can be boiled
(pasteurised) or evaporated
and condensed again to get
drinking water.
• Multi-Stage evaporation allows
to get higher efficiency and
extraction making them viable.
SOLAR DESALINATION
SYSTEMS (contd.)
• Safe drinking bottling units
can be established in small
towns to cater the drinking
water needs of the community.
• These units can be established
and managed by entrepreneurs
under self employment scheme.
These entrepreneurs can in
turn employ local youth.
 SOLAR ENERGY FOR
FOOD PROCESSING IN COTTAGE
INDUSTRY
• Solar Energy can also be
used for creating self-
employment in rural areas.
• Photo shows potato chips
frying in with help of
Scheffler Concentrator.
• Thus with that value addition
takes place at village level
creating employment and
bringing prosperity to village.
• It also help reduce/ stop
migration
 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC
APPLICATIONS
In this process, solar energy is converted into
electrical energy through Solar Photovoltaic Cells.
Some of the applications are -
 Solar Lanterns
 Solar Home Lighting Systems (SHLS)
 Solar Street Lighting Systems
 Solar Pumping Systems
 Solar Power Plants for Village
Electrification etc.
SOLAR LANTERNS

• Solar lanterns offer

best alternative to
kerosene lamps, gas
lamps and
conventional
emergency lights.

• Portable, light and

suitable for use in
both indoor and
outdoor applications
 SOLAR HOME LIGHT
SYSTEMS

Solar Home Light Systems are ideal

for those affected with power cut/
homes not getting grid power or where
supply is irregular or with unscheduled
and frequent interruptions. Operating
hours about 3-4 hours per day.
 SOLAR HOME LIGHTING SYSTEMS
AVAILABLE IN FIVE MODELS

Model I II III IV V
CFL 1 No. 2 Nos. 2 Nos. 2 Nos. 4 Nos.
9W/11W
SPV 18 Wp 37Wp 37 Wp 74Wp 74Wp
Module
DC Fan - - 1 No. 1 No. -
20W
LM 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V
Battery 20AH 40AH 40AH 75AH 75AH
Cable & Hardware
 SOLAR STREET LIGHTS
The System consists of
1.PV Module 74 Wp
2.LM Battery 12 V 75 AH
3.CFL 11 W
4.PCU
5.G.I. Pole 2.5” dia 4 mtrs. Length.
6.Battery Box and other hardware.
The system functions from dusk to dawn
automatically
SOLAR STREET LIGHTS (contd)

These systems are

most ideal for
villages, remote area
locations.
SOLAR WATER PUMPING
SYSTEMS
 Solar Pumps are useful
for agriculture,
horticulture and
drinking water purpose.
 They can draw water
from open wells, bore
wells and streams.
 These systems
functions during clear
sunny days without any
battery back-up.
SOLAR WATER PUMPING
SYSTEMS (contd.)
• A 1 Hp/ 2 Hp surface mounted pump
can give yield of 70,000/ 140000
ltrs per day at 10 meters total
head.
• The SPV submersible pump of
different capacities are also
available. The capacity ranges from
300 W upto 1800 W SPV array
attached with DC/ AC submersible
pumps for lifting from varying
depths. This are suitable for
horticulture farms with drip
irrigation. These pumps are also used
for drinking water applications.
VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION
-SPV POWER PLANTS
SPV Power plants are ideal
for villages electrification
especially for those which
are far from grid or at
remote places where
conventional power cannot
reach e.g. islands, hilltops,
interior forests etc.
 
VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION
-SPV POWER PLANTS (contd.)
All the house holds in the
village can be provided
with home lighting
systems, street lights
required for that village,
community colour TV for
recreation and education
purpose and pump set for
drinking water purpose as
a package for the village.
VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION
-SPV POWER PLANTS (contd.)
This will allow people to
work during night time,
provide safety from wild
animals etc and also
making it possible for
them to know of
happenings in outside
world through the
community TV.
VILLAGE ELECTRIFICATION
-SPV POWER PLANTS (contd.)

Local youth can be trained

in operation and
maintenance of these
village power packs on
monthly payment basis.
 FLAT PLATE
SOLAR WATER HEATING
SYSTEMS

Solar flat plate collector model water

heating systems consists of solar panels
having collectors which have selective
coated fins to absorb heat from solar
radiation and transmitting same to water
passing through the copper tubes
attached to the fins. 
 FLAT PLATE
SOLAR WATER HEATING
SYSTEMS (Contd.)
• The water so heated
is stored in an
insulated tank making
it possible to get hot
water all 24 hours.
• These systems are
available in capacities
of 100 Litres per day
(LPD) and in multiples
of hundred to any
capacity.
 FLAT PLATE
SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS (Contd.)

• Are ideal to replace

geysers in domestic
and commercial
sector i.e hotels,
nursing homes,
hostels etc., and also
in industries as boiler
feed water for pre-
heating.
 The manufacturing,
installation and after
sales service of these
systems provide good
opportunity for youth
employment.
 VACUUM TUBE
SOLAR WATER HEATING
SYSTEMS

In Vacuum Tube Hot Water System instead

of flat plate collectors the system has
vacuum tubes as collectors which give
better performance.
VACUUM TUBE SOLAR WATER
HEATING SYSTEMS (contd.)

 Requires lesser space.

 Easy to install
VACUUM TUBE SOLAR WATER
HEATING SYSTEMS (contd.)

 More appropriate
for use where hard
water; as not too
prone to scaling
comparing to flat
plate collectors.
 The Sun radiates
180 billion MW of energy
over the earth.

Just one hour of this energy

could meet the power needs of
the entire planet for a year.

This energy is clean pollution free,

inexhaustible, is available free
and in abundance.
 LET US
HARNESS THIS ABUNDANT FREE ENERGY
Thank You