SHORT STORY

Reported by:

Arcilla, Arbie
Ebido, Reniella
Gutierrez, Marian Vivien
SHORT STORY
● Is a piece of prose fiction that typically
can be read in one sitting and focuses on
a self-contained incident or series of
linked incidents, with the intent of evoking
a “single effect” or mood, however there
are many exceptions to this.

● an invented prose narrative shorter than

a novel usually dealing with a few
characters and aiming at unity of effect
and often concentrating on the creation
of mood than plot.
ELEMENTS OF A SHORT STORY

SETTING
this element refers to the place and time of the story. When evaluating the
setting, look for where the action takes place. In addition, the historical period may
be important.

CONFLICT
In every story, there has to be a problem. The main character has to
challenged in some way or the story will go nowhere. There are four basic conflicts
to look for that may face the main character:

> Man versus man

> Man versus nature
> Man versus himself
> Man versus society
CHARACTER
the characters are the heart of the story.

2 primary characters
> PROTAGONIST is the main character. It is not safe to call him the
hero because the main character is not always heroic. He/she is the person with
which the story is most concerned.

> ANTAGONIST does not have to be a human being. If he is a person, he

may be the villain. This character does not have the main character’s best interest at heart. In
some stories, nature is the antagonist.
PLOT
the arrangement of the events in the story.

Element of Plot
> EXPOSTION the initial events, the introduction of characters, and
beginning of the story.
> RISING ACTION the beginning of the conflict. Complications arise.
> CLIMAX this is the highest point of interest in the story. It is the turning point
that aims toward the conclusion of the story.
> FALLING ACTION the events that occur which begin to resolve the
conflict.
> DENOUEMENT this is the final outcome of the story.
THEME
this is the controlling idea or the insight that the author wants the reader to
understand at the end of the story. The theme is often the author’s thoughts or view
of a subject.

POINT OF VIEW
this element of the story is how the story is told. It also determines who will be the narrator
of the story.

> FIRST PERSON one of the characters tells the story and interacts in the story as well.
> THIRD PERSON the author can narrate the story using a “god-like” position in which
he can see into the minds of the characters.
> LIMITED OMNISCIENT still in third person, the narrator will only know what the
character knows or what the author tells the narrator.

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