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5. Figurative Language/
Parallelism
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous
Authors and
Works
1600 – 1800 Puritanism 1. Wrote mostly diaries and
(Colonial) histories, which expressed the William
connections between God Bradford (“Of
First and their everyday lives Plymouth
“American” 2. Sought to “purify” the Plantation”),
colonies Church of England by Anne
established reforming to the simpler forms Bradstreet
of worship and church (poetry)
Salem Witch organization described in the
Trials New Testament
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous
Authors and
Works
1600 – 1800 Puritanism 3. Saw Religion as a Jonathan
(Colonial) personal, inner experience Edwards
(“Sinners in
First 4. Believed in the original sin the hands of
“American” and “elect” who would be an Angry
colonies saved God”),
established 5. Used plain style of writing Edward
Taylor
Salem Witch (“Huswifery”)
Trials
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous Authors
and Works
4. Championed individual
California freedom and the worth of Edgar Allan Poe
Gold the individual. (“The Raven”),
Rush 5. Saw poetry as the Nathaniel
Romanticism highest expression of the Hawthorne
imagination (The Scarlet
Letter)
6. Dark Romantics: Used
dark and supernatural
themes/settings (Gothic
style)
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous Authors
and Works
1. Everything in the world,
1840 – 1860 Transcendentalism including human beings, is a Ralph Waldo
reflection of the Divine soul Emerson (Nature,
Abolitionist, 2. People can use their Self Reliance)
Utopian, and intuition to behold God’s spirit Henry David
Women’s The American revealed in nature or in their Thoreau (Walden,
suffrage Renaissance own souls. Life in the
Movements Woods), Louisa
3. Self-reliance and
May Alcott (Little
individualism must outweigh
Women)
external authority and blind
conformity to tradition
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous Authors
and Works
1. Everything in the world,
1840 – 1860 Transcendentalism including human beings, is a Ralph Waldo
reflection of the Divine soul Emerson (Nature,
Abolitionist, 2. People can use their Self Reliance)
Utopian, and intuition to behold God’s spirit Henry David
Women’s The American revealed in nature or in their Thoreau (Walden,
suffrage Renaissance own souls. Life in the
Movements Woods), Louisa
3. Self-reliance and
May Alcott (Little
individualism must outweigh
Women)
external authority and blind
conformity to tradition
Period Dates Period Period Characteristics Famous Authors and
Name Works
1850 – 1890 1. Feeling of disillusionment Mark Twain
2. Common subjects; slums of (Huckleberry Finn)
Realism rapid growing cities, factories Jack London
Civil War replacing farmlands, poor factory (Call of the Wild, To
Reconstruction worker, corrupt politicians Build aa Fire)
Stephen Crane
3. Represented the manner and
(The Open Boat)
environment of everyday life and
Ambrose Bierce (An
ordinary people as realistic as
Occurrence at Owl
possible.
Creek)
4. Sought to explain behavior Kate Chopin
(psychologically/socially) (Story of an Hour)
Period Dates Period Period Characteristics Famous Authors and
Name Works
1850 – 1900 1. Feeling of disillusionment Mark Twain
2. Common subjects; slums of (Huckleberry Finn)
Realism rapid growing cities, factories Jack London
Civil War replacing farmlands, poor factory (Call of the Wild, To
Reconstruction worker, corrupt politicians Build aa Fire)
Stephen Crane
3. Represented the manner and
(The Open Boat)
environment of everyday life and
Ambrose Bierce (An
ordinary people as realistic as
Occurrence at Owl
possible.
Creek)
4. Sought to explain behavior Kate Chopin
(psychologically/socially) (Story of an Hour)
Period Dates Period Period Characteristics Famous Authors and
Name Works
1900 – 1950 1. Feeling of disillusionment and Lorraine Hansberry
(A Raisin in the Sun)
loss of faith in the “American Scott Fitzgerald
World War 1 Realism Dream”; the independence, self (The Great Gatsby)
reliant, individual will triumph William Faulkner
(A Rose for Emily)
2. Emphasis on bold Eudora Welty
The Great experimentation in style and form (A Worm Path)
Depression over the traditional. Robert Frost
(Poetry)
3. Interest in the inner workings of T.S. Elliot
World War 2 (The Wasteland, Love Song
the human mind (Stream of of J. Alfred Prufrock)
consciousness) John Steinbeck
(Of Mice and Men, Grapes
of Wrath)
Period Dates Period Period Characteristics Famous Authors and
Name Works
1900 – 1950 1. Feeling of disillusionment and Lorraine Hansberry
(A Raisin in the Sun)
loss of faith in the “American Scott Fitzgerald
World War 1 Realism Dream”; the independence, self (The Great Gatsby)
reliant, individual will triumph William Faulkner
(A Rose for Emily)
2. Emphasis on bold Eudora Welty
The Great experimentation in style and form (A Worm Path)
Depression over the traditional. Robert Frost
(Poetry)
3. Interest in the inner workings of T.S. Elliot
World War 2 (The Wasteland, Love Song
the human mind (Stream of of J. Alfred Prufrock)
consciousness) John Steinbeck
(Of Mice and Men, Grapes
of Wrath)
Period Dates Period Name Period Characteristics Famous Authors and
Works
1920 – Harlem 1. Black cultural movement in James Weldon
1940 Renaissance Harlem, New York Johnson
The Jazz Age 2. Some poetry rythmns based Claude McKay
“The New on spirituals, and jazz, lyrics on Countee Cullen
Negro the blues, and diction from the Langston Hughes
Movement” street talk of the ghettos (poetry)
Zora Neale Hurston
The Roaring 3. Other poetry used
20s conventional lyrical
Prohibition
Period Period Name Period Characteristics Famous Authors
Dates and Works
1950 – Contemporary 1. Influenced by studies of media, Alice Walker
Present language, and information Wallace Stevens
technology E.E. Cummings
Postmodernism 2. Sense that little is unique; Maya Angelou
Korean culture endlessly duplicates and Anne Sexton
War copies itself James Baldwin
Richard Wright
Vietnam 3. New literary forms and Sandra Cisneros
War techniques; works composed of Amy Tan
only dialogue or combining fiction
and nonfiction, experimenting with
physical appearance of their work