CHAPTER 3

READING
FOR
SPECIFIC
PURPOSES
 WHAT ARE
YOUR
PURPOSE/S
IN READING?
 LESSON 1

Reading For Information

• It is the skill in reading and understanding

common workplace documents. These may include
letters, manuals, memos and procedures. These
documents are necessarily well-written or aimed
at a particular audience. These
are unlike narrativetexts, such as
fictional novels. Therefore, you need
to carefully examine the main
ideas and details in the text.
 ARE YOU
LOGICAL OR CREATIVE?
 READING FOR
APPRECIATION
AND ENJOYMENT
• Reading literary selections, be they
poems, short stories, novels, plays, or
essays, not only provide pleasure.
The task also develops your
analytical skills as you must consider
each of the parts of the text
separately before you can interpret
the meaning of the entire work and
eventually appreciate it.
 To understand a poem, ask
yourself the following questions:
1. Who is the author of the poem? What is
the purpose of the author?
2. What is the title of the poem? Is it
related to the subject and theme of the
poem?
3. What is the genre of the poem?
4. What is the format of the poem? haiku?
tanka? cinquain? or a diamante?
5. Does the poem use sound devices? Is the
poem in free verse or in some regular
meter?
6. Does the poem contain images that appeal to
different senses?
7. Does the poem contain figures of speech? Do they
help in projecting tone and in conveying the theme?
8. What is the setting of the poem? How is it
related to the mood of the poem?
9. What is the theme of the poem?
10. Can you infer about the speaker? If so, what is
it?
11. What is the plot of the poem, if it is narrative
or dramatic poem?
12. What can you infer about the characters or about
the relationships of the characters of the poem, if
it is a narrative or dramatic poem?
DIFFERENT
LITERARY
SELECTIO
NS
 POEMS
•Poems expresses
ideas in a tighter,
more compact way
than prose as they
do not include
details and
explanations
common to the
short story or the
Poems may be lyric,
narrative or dramatic
• Lyric poem expresses the
observations and feeling
of a speaker.
• Narrative poems are
stories told in prose.
Often narrative
poems, even ballads
have all the elements
of short stories, such
as plot, characters,
setting.
 DIFFERENT
FORM OF POEMS
• Haiku, an unrhymed
verse form, consisting
of three lines. The first
and third lines contain
five syllables while the
second line consists of
seven syllables.
 Examples:
The python got up
When I walked on the dry
grass
Afterwards, he was still.
(Aida Villanueva)
• Tanka is another
verse form. It has
thirty-one
syllables
arranged in five
lines (five, seven,
five, seven, seven
Example:
The angry wind blows
The branches of the tree move
I shiver with fear.
Then the sky groans and it cries
Dread seizes me and I swoon.
(aida villanueva)
• A cinquain is a poetic unrhymed form
consisting of five lines. It can come in
three formats:
Pattern #1
Line 1: One word
Line 2: Two words
Line 3: Three words
Line 4: Four words
Line 5: One word
Pattern #2
Line 1: A noun
Line 2: Two adjectives
Line 3: Three-ing words
Line 4: A phrase
Line 5: Another word for the noun
Pattern #3
Line 1: Two syllables
Line 2: Four syllables
Line 3: Six syllables
Line 4: Eight syllables
Line 5: Two syllables
Example:
Solitude
Ineffable joy
That's my life
When I hear you
Peace

(Aida Villanueva)
• A diamante is a seven-line, diamond-
shaped poem. It has the following format:
Line 1: a noun that contrasts line 7
Line 2: two adjectives that describe line 1
Line 3: three action verbs that relate to line
1
Line 4: four nouns, the first two relate to
line 1; the last two relate to line 7
Line 5: three action verbs that relate to line
7
Line 6: two adjectives that describe line 7
Line 7: a noun that contrasts line 1
Example:
peace
tranquil, placid
musing, meditating, contemplating
serenity, calmness, gloom, death
crying, suffering, writhing
sorrowful, deplorable
war
(Aida Villanueva)
• Short stories also a literary type which you
may find interesting as it deals with a
people, places, actions, events that seem
familiar. It may also stir your imagination
as it deals with the fantastic or the
unusual.
• You will also find in short stories elements,
such as plot, character, setting, point of
view, and them. Like lyric poems, they are
concise; hence, they can be read in one
sitting. They create a single effect, or
dominant impression, on the reader. The
events usually communicate an idea about