TERMOCHEMISTRY

BY
RIKA AYU LESTARI
SEMARANG STATE UNIVERSITY
What did you feel when you touch the pictures?

Slide 2
 MATTER

A. ENERGY AND CHANGES

Generally, energy is define as the ability to work

W = F. S

Work it means a change that is directly produced by a process

Potential

Energy
Kinetics
Examples of Energy Kinetics: Examples of Energy Potential:

1. Heat Energy 1. Chemical Energy

2. Electrical Energy

Energy can be changed one from to anothef, for example chemical energy can change
into heat energy or motion energy. So energy changes do not cause energy loss. This is
in according to principle eternity of energy, that is :

"Energy cannot be created or destroyed, However

it can be changed from one form to another "
 B. Energy Changes in Chemical Reaction

1. Heat Energy
 Almost all chemical reactions is realease or absorb energy in the form is heat.
 And the transfer of heat energy from two different object in temperature

2. System and Surrounding

 System is everything that are at the center of attention in energy changes

 Surrounding is everything outside the system that limit the system and can affect the system
Open
SYSTEM
Closed

Isolated
 C. Energy and Enthalpy

 If system have changes and it is absorb heat, so some of the absorbed energy is used to do work (W)
 And other energy will be saved it means inner energy (U)
 In the first law of thermodynamics are:

H=U+PV

Enthalpy changes can be declare :

∆H = ∆U + ∆ (P V)
So can be concluded that:

“Enthalpy is energy in the form of heat saved in a system “

 D. Enthalpy Changes (∆H)

 The energy saved in a system cannot be known certainty, that can be known is the amount of energy changes
from a system
 The amount of energy involved in a reaction is known as the heat change or enthalpy change of the reaction. It
measured in kilojoules (kJ) and represented by the symbol ∆H . ∆ is the greek letter “delta” , which means
change and H means energy content.

∆H = q p

∆H = H product – H reactant

“The different in the magnitude of the system enthalpy after changing with the magnitude of the
enthalpy of the system before the changes made at a permanent pressure“
1. Exothermic Reaction E. Exothermic and endothermic reactions

 Reactions that heat given out to the surrounding

 This reaction the system releases heat into the surrounding
 There is increase of temperature
 It have ∆H negative because the chemicals have lost energy to the surroundings
 Exothermic reaction is the system releases heat, it means:
H product < H reactant ∆H < 0 (∆H is negative)

2. Endhothermic Reaction

 Reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings

 There is decrease of temperature
 It have ∆H positive because the chemicals gain energy from the surroundings.
 Endhothermic reaction is the system absorbs heat, it means:

H reactant > H product ∆H > 0 (∆H is positive)

Thank You!
Any Questions?