Tri Wheeled Solar Powered

Electric Vehicle
(AN ALTERNATIVE URBAN COMMUTING)

Guided by
Dr.Ganesha Udupa

Team Members
Gumma Vineel Vihar (U4ME15031)
Lankipalli Rakesh (U4ME15146)
INTRODUCTION
• Greenhouse gas emission from transportation is one of the major environmental issues and its
emission rate is increasing at faster rate as the technologies for global transportation are
dominated by internal combustion engine powered vehicles.
• We need an alternative to rely on in future.
• The overall impact of the electric vehicle ultimately benefits the people. Compared to gasoline
powered vehicles, electric vehicles are considered to be ninety-seven percent cleaner, producing
no tailpipe emissions that can place particulate matter into the air.
• SPEVs (Solar Powered Electric Vehicle ) are the ultimate alternatives.

Classification of Alternative Vehicle

1.Electric Vehicle
2.Hybrid Electric vehicle
3.Solar Powered Electric Vehicle
Why tri wheeled (tadpole) ?
• Recumbent tricycles come in two
configurations
1. The Tadpole having two wheels
forward and one afterwards
2. The Delta having single wheel
forward and two afterwards.
Each of these have their advantages and
weaknesses.

Advantages and weaknesses

• Two wheels in front offers excellent overall braking and handling.
• More stable than the delta configuration.
• Steering systems is a bit complicated and require unique parts.
• Design is more compact and dependent on many constraints.
Objective
• To study the perceptions and
expectations of potential, for alternative
technologies in automobiles, such as
Solar Electric Vehicles.
• Our objective is to built a low cost solar
powered electric vehicle that would meet
the global transportation requirements.
• Mode of transport to physically
challenged people.
Methodology
 Literature Review

 Design AutoCAD, SolidWorks

 Analysis of chassis ANSYS 18

Expenditure

Machining, Welding, Painting and Rs 34000

 Fabrication of the vehicle
Moulding

 Assembling,Testing and Saftey assurance and vehicle quality

modifcations testing.

7
Working module

• Working methodology applies to

charge the electric vehicle through
solar panels.
• Using regenerative braking system
charges the battery
• Using Hub-motor reduces the
complexity in design and size
• Li-ion battery (48V 100Ah) reduces
the total weight of the vehicle.
Components and Specifications
• Flexible Solar panel(≥ 200W)
• In-Wheel Rotor(2000W)
• Controller and an accelerator
• Hydraulic disc brakes(brake lines, calliper, disc, handle brake)
• Rechargeable lead acid battery(48V,100Ah)
• 10 inch Activa tyres
• Light weight chassis (AISI 4130)
• Endurance shock absorbers
Chassis Design
Dimensions of chassis
Chassis height = 54.19 inches
Chassis width = 25 inches
Total weight of chassis = 31.87 kg
Volume =250 cubic inches
Centre of mass coordinates
x= - 15.88 inch
y= 17.60 inch
z= 5.96 inch
(Density obtained is 0.28 pounds per cubic inch)
Other Chassis models we have worked on
Chassis analysis
Directional deformation when we
Total Deformation impose a load of 3000 N
To accomodate 4 batteries we extended the nose of our chassis design
(Before and after)
Suspension system
Front suspension(Double wishbone) Rear Suspension( Monosuspension)

• It allows the driver to control the wheel throughout the

suspension travel
• Major advantage is increase in ground clearance and good ride
quality.
• Major disadvantage is tyre wear with improper wheel alignment.
Designs of A-arms and Swingarm

A-arms Swingarm
Steering System
Ackerman steering mechanism
When the vehicle is steered in either
direction, the inside wheel shall always
turn sharper than the outside wheel.
Braking system
• Hydraulic brakes
• Disc rakes are used for better
heat dissipation and instant
braking.
• Floating calliper
A floating caliper (also called a "sliding caliper") Braking system layout
moves with respect to the disc, along a line parallel to
the axis of rotation of the disc
Wheel assembly parts
1 4

1. Stub
2. Upright
3. Hub 2
4. Disc or rotor
5. Calliper

3 5
Torque calculation table
Hub Motor required

• Required Wheel Torque = (Total Tractive effort)*(drive

wheel radius)*(bearing resistance) =73.76 N-m
• No load RPM = 795 RPM
• Wheel RPM needed = 611 RPM
• If we are using a hub motor with rating 1500 Watts
and 48Volts then we need a peak voltage of 67.88v
• Continuous current = 31.3amps
• Maximum burst amperage output = 78.13 amps
• 48V/72V, 100 Ah battery is required to run this hub
rotor
Body Work
Fibre Body
Components required to create the mould
1. Epoxy Resin
2. Glass fibre sheet
3. Hardener
4. Roller
Hand lay-up is a molding process where fiber
reinforcements are placed by hand then wet with
resin. The manual nature of this process allows for
almost any reinforcing material to be considered,
chopped strand or mat.
Future Scope
• Gas shocks can increase the
performance with good ground
clearance as well as the comfort.
• Modified chassis design
• Li-ion batteries
• Bigger tyres
Conclusion
• We have created a tri-wheel electric
vehicle which can carry two people
with an estimated range of 50 km
with single charge.
• Hand controlled braking system
which allows physically challenged
people to ride it with ease.
• The reinforcement above the seating
platform allows us to ride in a rainy
day as well as a sunny day.
Disclaimer
• This is a developmental project not a new invention
References
• EVOVELO pedelec electric bike( https://www.evovelo.com)
• Electric Cars: Effect on the Environment. (1998) Retrieved January 31, 2010 from
http://library.thinkquest.org/20463/environment.html.
• Electric Vehicles (EVs).(2009) Retrieved January 31, 2010 from
http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/evtech.html.
• Future Electric Cars. (2007) Retrieved January 29, 2010 from http://www.future-
car.ghnet/future-electric-cars.html.
• ELF Organic Transit (https://organictransit.com/)
• http://www.arcimoto.com/fun-utility-vehicle