5G Technology Introduction and

Market Status

Bosco Choi
26-March-2018

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Content

 5G Technology Introduction
 3GPP 5G Activities
 5G Global Trials
 Industry Key Players Plans and Schedule
 5G Test Requirements

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5G Technology Introduction

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LTE Provides Strong Foundation for 5G Deployment

Further broadband and more use cases (maintain compatibility)

Full 5G

Provide broadband data service Initial 5G New Radio

enhancement
(not compatible to LTE)
New Radio
Interworking
Ensure stable connection and mobility
Interworking Further LTE
Performance

enhancement
Rel 16
Further LTE
enhancement
Rel 14 & 15

LTE-A Pro
Rel 12 & 13

LTE-A
Rel 10 & 11 Backward-compatible
Further CA,
LTE 256QAM,D2D, Dual enhancement of LTE
Rel 8 & 9 Connectivity , NB-IoT,
CA, eICIC, CoMP CAT-M (for IoT)

2010 2015 2020 2025

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Enabling Various Use Cases

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Key Performance Indicators (Ref: 38.913 v14.3.0 March-2017)
KPI Value

Peak data rate (Downlink) 20 Gbps highest theoretical data rate, error free, single UE

Peak data rate (Uplink) 10 Gbps

Time to move from IDLE to ACTIVE (Continuous data

Control Plane latency 10 ms
transfer state)

UL/DL User plane latency – URLLC 0.5 ms Layer2/3 ingress point to egress point

UL/DL User plane latency - eMBB 4ms Layer2/3 ingress point to egress point

20 byte application packet, measured at max MCL -164

Infrequent Small packet data latency 10s
dB

URLLC reliability 1.10-5 32 bytes packet with 1ms latency

300 bytes packet with 3-10 ms though sidelink Direct

eV2X reliability 1.10-5 communication and communication range of a few
meters

Coverage MCL 164 dB UL/DL transfer of 160 bps (ingress/egress radio points)
> 10years,
UE battery life
Desirable: 15 years
Mobility 500 km/h Maximum user speed at which a defined QoS

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What’s new in 5G

New Network
New Spectrum New Radio Architecture

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New Spectrum

New
Spectrum

Sub-6G mmWave

LTE

5G Sub-6G 5G mmWave

Wide coverage area Small coverage area

Very congested High availability

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3GPP defined Frequency Bands
Frequency Range 1 (sub-6G)
NR Frequency range
Uplink Frequency Downlink Frequency Duplex Corresponding frequency range
Operating designation
(Low-High) (Low-High) Mode
Band
n1 1920 MHz – 1980 MHz 2110 MHz – 2170 MHz FDD FR1 450 MHz – 6000 MHz
n2 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz FDD
n3 1710 MHz – 1785 MHz 1805 MHz – 1880 MHz FDD
n5 824 MHz – 849 MHz 869 MHz – 894MHz FDD FR2 24250 MHz – 52600 MHz
n7 2500 MHz – 2570 MHz 2620 MHz – 2690 MHz FDD
n8 880 MHz – 915 MHz 925 MHz – 960 MHz FDD
n20 832 MHz – 862 MHz 791 MHz – 821 MHz FDD
n28 703 MHz – 748 MHz 758 MHz – 803 MHz FDD
n38 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz TDD
n41 2496 MHz – 2690 MHz 2496 MHz – 2690 MHz TDD
n50 1432 MHz – 1517 MHz 1432 MHz – 1517 MHz TDD
n51 1427 MHz – 1432 MHz 1427 MHz – 1432 MHz TDD
n66 1710 MHz – 1780 MHz 2110 MHz – 2200 MHz FDD
n70 1695 MHz – 1710 MHz 1995 MHz – 2020 MHz FDD
n71 663 MHz – 698 MHz 617 MHz – 652 MHz FDD
n74 1427 MHz – 1470 MHz 1475 MHz – 1518 MHz FDD
n75 N/A 1432 MHz – 1517 MHz SDL
n76 N/A 1427 MHz – 1432 MHz SDL
n78 3300 MHz – 3800 MHz 3300 MHz – 3800 MHz TDD
n77 3300 MHz – 4200 MHz 3300 MHz – 4200 MHz TDD
n79 4400 MHz – 5000 MHz 4400 MHz – 5000 MHz TDD
n80 1710 MHz – 1785 MHz N/A SUL
n81 880 MHz – 915 MHz N/A SUL
n82 832 MHz – 862 MHz N/A SUL
n83 703 MHz – 748 MHz N/A SUL
n84 1920 MHz – 1980 MHz N/A SUL
Frequency Range21 (>6G mmWave)
NR
Uplink Frequency Downlink Frequency Duplex
Operating
Band
(Low-High) (Low-High) Mode
n257 26500 MHz – 29500 MHz 26500 MHz – 29500 MHz TDD
n258 24250 MHz – 27500 MHz 24250 MHz – 27500 MHz TDD
n260 37000 MHz – 40000 MHz 37000 MHz – 40000 MHz TDD

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5G New Radio Features - Massive MIMO and Beamforming

 Each base station is fitted with Antenna Array

(eg. 128x128 or more MIMO)
 Multiple users can be served by targeting
individual beams
 Improve capacity and provide deep coverage
 New beam management technique is used
between base station and user device

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5G New Radio (NR) - some key parameters
Based on 3GPP Release 15 LTE 3GPP 5G NR, Sub-6G 3GPP 5G NR, mmWave

5, 10, 15, 20, 50, 60, 80,

Bandwidth per CC 20MHz 50, 100, 200, 400MHz
100MHz
Initially one carrier in addition to LTE
Maximum CC 5(32)
(specifications allow up to 16 carriers)
DL CP-OFDM DL CP-OFDM
Modulation
UL SC-FDMA UL CP-OFDM (eMBB)/DFT-S-OFDM (mMTC)
Low PAPR/CM technique SC-FDMA Possibility for DFT-S-OFDM etc. (filtering, windowing)
Subcarrier spacing for Data 15kHz 15K/30K/60KHz 60K/120KHz
Subcarrier spacing for Non-Data
- 15K/30KHz 120K/240KHz
(SS-Block)
Number of Subcarrier 1200 Up to 3300 (FFT Size 4096)
QPSK/16QAM/
Modulation Scheme Up to 256QAM (DL & UL) Up to 64QAM (DL & UL)
64QAM/256QAM
Channel Coding TBCC/Turbo Polar/f-LDPC
Maximum CWs 2 1 or 2
DL 8Layer 2x2 or 4x4 in DL, SISO or 2x2
MIMO 2x2 in DL, SISO or 2x2 in UL
UL 4Layer in UL
Multiple Numerology Not support Support
Subframe length TTI (ms) 1 0.125ms/0.25ms/0.5ms/1ms

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5G Network Architecture
Network functions are virtualized and modularized to run optimally in
clouds. The diverse vertical services are supported by the programmable
and intelligent clouds.

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5G Network Architecture and Options

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5G Network Architectures and Options

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5G Network Architectures – NSA vs SA
 Dual Connectivity between LTE and NR
 No fundamental change to current
network architecture.
 No 5G core capability, merely adding NR as
another data pipe to current network
 Lacks capability or flexibility to fulfill
diversity needs of vertical industry
15
 Take full advantage of 5G core and RAN
capability
 Requirements include inter-RAT with LTE
 Enable key features such as network slicing,
easily provide customized service to
vertical industry
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3GPP 5G Activities

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Current 3GPP Schedule (RAN#79 March-2018)

NSA & ASN.1 Specs

Completed!

Dec 2018 / RAN#82

Mar 2019 / RAN#83
Rel-15 Late Drop
(Opt 4, 7)

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3GPP Release 15 NR Features
 Radio architectures and RAN interfaces. Focus on eMBB and URLLC use cases

 NR-LTE co-existence mechanisms

 Support co-existence of LTE DL/UL and NR DL/UL within the bandwidth of an LTE component
carrier
 Dual Connectivity between E-UTRA and NR and within NR (EN-DC)
 Carrier Aggregation within NR

 Radio Access Network architecture, interface protocols and procedures for functional split between
central and distributed units
 Normative stage-2/3 specification of one higher layer split. Based on
 Centralized PDCP/RRC and
 De-centralized RLC/MAC/PHY)
 Support for network slicing

 Support for PWS and IMS voice

 Support of (SON) functions: Automatic Neighboring Relation (ANR); NG/Xx/Xn setup

 Inter-RAT mobility between NR and E-UTRA

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3GPP 5G Core Network Features

Release 15 (Phase 1) – Basic Features Release 16 (Phase 2) or later – Enhanced Features

 Network slicing  Broadcast/Multicast capabilities

 QOS framework  Off-Network communication
 Mobility management framework  Connectivity of remote UEs via relay UEs
 Session management  Traffic steering, witching and Splitting between
 Session and service continuity and efficient 3GPP and non-3GPP accesses
user plane path  Minimal connectivity within extreme rural
 Network function granularity and interactions deployments
 Network capability exposure  Plus others … TBD
 Policy framework
 Charging
 Security framework
 NextGen core support for IMS
 Network discovery and selection
 Interworking and Migration

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Main 3GPP specifications available for 5G-NR
Area Spec Title Release 3GPP Owner
Architecture TS 23.501 System Architecture for the 5G System Rel-15 SA / SP
Architecture TS 38.401 5G-NR architecture Rel-15 RAN3
Stage 2 TS 38.300 NR and NG-RAN Overall Description Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 2 TS 37.340 Multi-connectivity Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 38.201 General description Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.202 Services provided by the physical layer Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.211 Physical channels and modulation Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.212 Multiplexing and channel coding Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.213 Physical layer procedures for control Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.214 Physical layer procedures for data Rel-15 RAN1
Stage 3 TS 38.304 User Equipment (UE) procedures in Idle Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 38.321 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 38.322 Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol specification Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 38.323 Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) specification Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 38.331 Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol specification Rel-15 RAN2
Stage 3 TS 37.324 Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) specification Rel-15 RAN2
Study TR 38.801 Study on Radio Access Architecture and Interfaces Rel-14 RAN3
Study TR 38.802 Study on New Radio (NR) - Physical Layer Aspects Rel-14 RAN1
Study TR 38.803 Study on new radio Radio Frequency (RF) and co-existence Rel-14 RAN4
Study TR 38.804 Study on New Radio Radio Interface Protocol Aspects Rel-14 RAN2
Study TR 38.912 Study on New Radio (NR) access technology Rel-14 TSGRAN
Study TR 38.913 Study on Scenarios and Requirements for 5G-NR Rel-14 TSGRAN
Study TR 23.799 Study on Architecture for Next Generation System Rel-14 SA / SP

Some of the above specifications can be found in ftp://www.3gpp.org/Specs/2017-12/Rel-15/38_series/

3GPP Industry Update: 5G NR Roadmap
2017 2018 2019

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3
5G NSA Spec
Released

5G Rel-15 NSA 5G Rel-15 SA 5G Rel-16 RAN

6 L2 TCs drafted in TS 38.523-1

Test Spec NSA Opt 4/SA Opt 5

NSA Opt 3 Phase 1 SA Opt 2/7
Definition
RAN5

ETSI Test Model Definitions NSA Opt 3 TCs SA Opt2/7

ETSI

GCF WI /PTCRB RFT Definitions Validations Certifications

GCF/PTRCB

5G NR R15 Launches

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5G NR RAN5 - Protocol TCs number estimations
5GS Rel-15 TCs # Comments
estimates
NSA option 3 132 including NR protocol stack (L1/L2), assuming mmW & sub6GHz do not
generate duplicate TCs.
FFS: beam management.
TCs breakdown - MAC: 21, RLC: 18, PDCP: 14, RRC: 64, EPC: 15.
SA options 2,5 ~250 including all layers of option3 + IdleMode, NR SDAP/RRC, 5GC, inter-RAT
with 4G.
NSA options 4,7 ~75 option4: extension of option2, test scope limited to DC.
option7: extension of option5, test scope limited to DC.
IMS ~75 voice, video, SMS, emergency, codecs…

Positioning ~40
TOTAL: ~572

TS Spec Title
38.523-1 SA and NSA Protocol TCs
38.523-2 Applicability of Protocol Test Cases (TS 38.523-2)
38.523-3 5GS Abstract test suite (TS 38.523-3)
34.229-1 IMS 5GS Protocol Test Cases
37.571-x 5GS Positioning test cases

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3GPP Standardization – RAN5 5G-NR Conformance Test Work Item
For info
Type Series Title For approval at TSG#
at TSG#
38.508 TS NR with EPC, NR with 5G-CN; Common test environments for UE TSG #79 NSA:TSG #80 (June-18)
conformance testing SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.509 TS NR with EPC, NR with 5G-CN; Special conformance testing functions for TSG #79 NSA:TSG #80 (June-18)
User Equipment (UE) SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.521-1 TS NR; UE conformance specification; Radio transmission and reception; TSG #79 NSA:TSG #80 (June-18)
Part 1: Conformance Testing SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.521-2 TS NR; UE conformance specification; Radio transmission and reception; TSG #79 NSA:TSG #80 (June-18)
Part 2: ICS SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.521-3 TS NR; UE conformance specification; NR Transmitter and Receiver Test TSG #81 TSG #82 (Dec-18)
Cases – Range 1 and Range 2 Interworking operation with other radios
conformance testing
38.521-4 TS NR; UE conformance specification; NR Demodulation and CSI TSG #81 TSG #82 (Dec-18)
Performance Test Cases
38.523-1 TS NR with EPC, NR with 5G-CN; UE conformance specification; TSG #79 NSA:TSG #80 (June-18)
Part 1: Protocol conformance specification SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.523-2 TS NR with EPC, NR with 5G-CN; UE conformance specification; TSG #79 NSA: TSG #80 (June-18)
Part 2: Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS) SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)
proforma specification
38.523-3 TS NR with EPC, NR with 5G-CN; UE conformance specification TSG #79 NSA: TSG #80 (June-18)
Part 3: Test Suites SA:TSG #82 (Dec-18)

38.903 TR NR; Derivation of test tolerances for Radio Resource Management TSG #81 NSA: TSG #80 (June-18)
(RRM) and User Equipment (UE) radio reception conformance tests SA: TSG #82 (Dec-18)
38.905 TR NR; Derivation of test points for radio transmission and reception TSG #79 NSA: TSG #80 (June-18)
conformance test cases SA: TSG #82 (Dec-18)

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 5G Global Market Trials

Source: GSA (Global mobile Suppliers Association)

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5G Global Market Trials
 Based on GSA Jan-2018 report, has identified 113 operators, in 56 countries, that have
demonstrated or are testing, trialing or have been licensed to begin field trials of 5G enabling and
candidate technologies.
 Between them they have announced over 250 separate demonstrations, tests or trials that we
have been able to identify

 At least 54 projects have involved Map of countries with operators that have been, are conducting
testing Massive MIMO in the or are planning to conduct 5G trials
context of 5G (i.e., MIMO trials
involving 64 or more transmitters,
or lower order MIMO used on new
high frequency spectrum bands, or
involving some other 5G aspect
such as New Radio characteristics).
 At least 42 have been demos, tests
or trials of New Radio technologies.

Extracts from the GSA report “5G Update: Global Market Trials” Jan-2018
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5G Global Market Trials – Operator list (Sep-2017)
REGION COUNTRY OPERATOR REGION COUNTRY OPERATOR
Asia China China Mobile Europe Austria 3 Austria
24 operators China Telecom 37 operators Belarus beCloud
China Unicom Belgium Proximus
Hong Kong 3 Hong Kong Telenet
Smartone Estonia Tele2 Eesti
Indonesia Telkomsel Finland Elisa
Japan KDDI Sonera
NTT Docomo France Bouygues Telecom
Softbank Orange
Malaysia Celcom Axiata Germany Deutsche Telekom
Philippines PLDT Telefonica
Smart Vodafone
Singapore M1 Hungary Magyar Telecom
Singtel Italy Fastweb
Starhub Linkem
South Korea KT Telcom Italia
LG U+ Vodafone
SK Telecom Wind
Sri Lanka Dialog Axiata Latvia LMT
Mobitel Norway Telenor
Taiwan Chungwha Romania Telekom Romania
Fast Eastone Russia Megafon
Thailand AIS MTS
True Corp Rostelecom
Americas Antigua Cable & Wirelss Tattelecom
10 operators Communications (Flow)
Brazil Claro Tele2
Canada Bell Canada Vimpelcom (Beeline)
Telus San Marino TIM San Marino
USA AT&T Mobility Spain Telefonica
C Spire Sweden TeliaSonera
Sprint Switzerland Swisscom
T-Mobile Turkey Turk Telecom
US Cellular Turkcell
Verizon Wireless UK Arqiva
Middle East Bahrain Batelco EE
8 operators Kuwait Viva Vodafone
Lebanon Alpha Ukraine Lifecell
Qatar Ooredoo Oceanic Australia Optus
Saudia Arabia STC 2 operators Telstra
Zain
UAE Du
Etisalat

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Industry Key Players
Plans and Schedule

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5G Initial Frequency candidates

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Industry Schedule (Anritsu assumption)
CY 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Standard
V5G
5G-SIG
Rel.15 Rel.16 Rel.17

V5G enhancement (28GHz)

Operator
Trial(28GHz) Commercial(28GHz)

Collaborate with Ericsson

Trial Commercial (28GHz,39GHz)
and Qualcomm based on
3GPP NR based trial
Trial Commercial (28GHz)

Commercial(3.7HHz/4.
Trial(4.5GHz/28GHz)
5Ghz/28GHz)

Trial Commercial(3.5GHz)

Commercial(2.5GHz)

3GPP based 5G
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China Government 5G Rollout Guidance for 2018

 Announced on 23-Feb-2018

 CMCC, CTCC and CUCC to start 5G network roll-out and conduct pilot trial

 Covering choice from Shanghai/Beijing/TianJin/Chongqing, provincial capital cities,

Pearl Triangle, Chang Jiang Triangle

 Provide continuous outdoor and indoor coverage with end-to-end encryption

 Requirements:-
 Sub-6GHz deployment in at least 5 cities, each with at least 50 base-stations
 Involving at least 500 terminals/devices
 Minimum throughput of 1500Mbps with 1ms latency for broadband usage
 Support 4K HD video, at least 2 typical 5G application such as AR/VR, drone, etc.

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5G Trial Schedule – China Mobile

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

PoC System KPI: 3.5GHz, 100MHz Bandwidth

requirements DL: Single user peak rate 1.3Gbps (4 layers)/2Gpbs (8 layers)

PoC Development Develop PoC, Analyze product-related challenges

E2E Test Environment Build lab/field test environment

Constructions Define test cases
Sub-6GHz
Lab tests and field trials Performance validation based on 3GPP
with prototype devices and deployment requirements

Pre-commercial devices lab tests

and field trials
Validate the pre-commercial devices
NR Architecture Proofing against industry test

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Key US Carriers - 5G Status
AT&T Verizon T-Mobile Sprint

Standard 3GPP 5G V5G, then move to 3GPP 5G 3GPP 5G

3GPP 5G as soon as
possible
Use case TBD but trialling Broadband using Mobile Mobile
fixed wireless fixed wireless
Where 12 as yet unnamed Sacramento, with up "Nationwide" with a "Nationwide" with a
markets in the US to 4 more markets to software upgrade to software upgrade to
follow in 2018 "5G-ready" "5G-ready"
equipment equipment
When Late 2018 H2-2018 2019-2020 H1-2019

Frequency TBD 28GHz 600MHz 2.5GHz

Suppliers Qualcomm Ericsson, Samsung, Ericsson, Qualcomm Ericsson, Qualcomm

(known so far) Qualcomm
Device A mobile “puck” 5G customer Smartphone Smartphone
premises equipment
and home routers
2018 Capex (US$) 23B 17-17.8B TBD 5-6B

Source: Lightreading (5G in the USA: Where We At? 7th-Feb-2018)

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Anritsu Activities in 5G Industry
 3GPP
 Active contributions in RAN4 and RAN5
 RF test methodology for sub-6G and mmWave
 Conformance test planning and definition for RF, RMM and Protocol

 GTI
 GTI 5G Innovation Centre, eMBB program
 Co-leader for the device testing task
 Cover R&D, conformance and operator specific tests
 Initiated first liaison statement between GTI and 3GPP RAN WG5 in August-2017
 Liaise with RAN5 on GTI Test Requirements and Priority
 Contribute to GTI 5G eMBB whitepaper published in Nov-2017: GTI Sub-6GHz 5G Device
Whitepaper_v09.

 Industry
 Actively working with leading chipset vendors globally in 5G product developments
 Engagement with leading operators globally to ensure requirements are understood and
addressed in our development

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5G Test Requirements

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5G New Radio Test Challenges

mmWave/Broadband
（ >6GHz , ≥100MHz BW） Massive MIMO
(Active Array Antenna)

Beamforming

RF and Protocol Test

Over the Air
Extremely High Data Rate
Ultra Low Latency

LTE-New Radio
Inter-working
End-to-End 5G
Use case verification

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New methodology is required for 5G NR test
Adoption of mmWave and beamforming is making OTA test more important than ever. Industry requires
OTA-based new methodology to replace conventional test approaches.
RF performance test over the Air
 Frequency accuracy, Max/Min Power, EVM, Spurious Emission RRM, Demodulation, Blocking
 Channel model: Geometry-based stochastic channel mode, three-dimensional channel model, large antenna array,
large bandwidth
Antenna characterization and calibration
 TRP, EIRP, EIS, Directivity, beam width
 Phase/gain calibration for array antenna element
Broadband Modulation Analysis
 Expand 100MHz BW per carrier of five times compare with LTE
 Achieve toward 8 Component carriers in mmWave, 2 Component carriers in Sub 6GHz
 Both Downlink and Uplink adopt based on OFDM modulation
 Expand radio of transmission bandwidth and channel width larger than 90%
 Adopt single carrier (DFT-s-OFDM) focus on coverage for UL
Signaling with beam management
 Evaluation for beamforming/searching/tracking function test
 Signaling test over the air by mobility/beam switching
Data throughput
 Initial target is 5Gbps by average, 10Gbps by peak rate
 Achieve beamforming by using massive MIMO
 End-to-End test by high data throughput and low latency
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3GPP 5G NR RAN4 approach for test measurement

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Anritsu 5G production portfolio

TRx device RF/L1 Integration Conformance Production

mmWave test solutions

5G Device R&D Total Solution
Vector Network Analyzer
5G Signaling Tester
5G Conformance test system
5G Carrier Acceptance Test system

Power Master
5G Wideband 5G Production Tester
4G Anchors
Signal Analyzer

Now available
OTA chamber
Spectrum Master
plan

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