SISTIM IMUN TERHADAP JAMUR

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
 (atas, dari kiri ke kanan) Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, and
mucicarmine-stained histological section of the cerebellum of an AIDS patient who died from
cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (demonstrating an abundance of pink-stained fungi).
(bawah) Computed tomography (CT) scan of the lungs of a patient showing a large fungal ball
(aspergilloma, black box), which was surgically removed
(kanan). Three smaller cavities are also visible in the CT scan (red arrows), which is typical of
chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
Host defense mechanisms.
In the human host, fungal infections are fought by both humoral
(complement, antibodies) and cellular (phagocytes, T cells) immune
mechanisms.
Protective mechanisms in both systemic and mucosal antifungal immunity are
based on chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages,
and, in the case of mucosal immunity, epithelial cells, by chemokines and
cytokines released by macrophages and proinflammatory TH1 and TH17 cells.
In contrast, TH2 and some other regulatory T lymphocytes (under the control
of modulatory mechanisms such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) release
anti-inflammatory cytokines that provide the tolerance mechanisms
necessary to balance inflammation and tissue damage. However, when
activated inappropriately or too strongly, the anti-inflammatory TH2 and
other regulatory T cell responses can down-regulate antifungal immunity and
increase susceptibility to infection.
CREDIT: C. BICKEL/SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014

Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014
• Flow of the immune response against fungi in
healthy individuals. The first line of defence
consisting of the mucus barrier and alveolar
macrophages is generally sufficient for the
efficient elimination of fungal spores.
Breaching of the first line of defence may
result in an increased exposure to fungal
antigens eliciting a T-helper (Th)1-type
response in normal individuals and in a Th2-
type response in atopic individuals. sIgA:
secretory immunoglobulin-A; IL: interleukin;
Developed as part of the RCSB Collaborative Curriculum Development Program 2014