Classification of

Matter
 MATTER

yes Can it be physically

no
separated?

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes Is the composition no yes Can it be chemically no

uniform? decomposed?

Homogeneous Heterogeneous Compound Element

Mixture Mixture
(solution) (suspension)

Colloids
Pure Substances
 Contain only one
type of matter
 Cannot be separated
physically
Elements
 Simplest types pure
substances
 Made of only one type
of atom
 Cannot be broken
down by chemical
processes or heating
C. Johannesson
What is an atom?

 Thesmallest particle
of an element that
has the same
properties of the
element is the atom
Compounds
 Pure substances made
of more than one atom/
element is a compound
 Ex: carbon dioxide,
ammonia, sugar
Molecules
 Two or more atoms that
are chemically bonded
 Smallest part of a
compound that has the
same properties of that
compound
 Compound
• composed of 2 or more
atoms/elements in a fixed ratio
• properties differ from those of
individual elements
• EX: table salt (NaCl)

C. Johannesson
 Law of Definite Composition
• A given compound always contains the
same, fixed ratio of elements.

 Law of Multiple Proportions

• Elements can combine in different ratios to
form different compounds.

C. Johannesson
 For example…

Two different compounds,

each has a definite
composition.
C. Johannesson
Separating compounds
 Compounds are made
of molecules
 Compounds can be
broken down into
simpler substances by
heating and electricity
Questions
 How is a molecule
different from an atom?
 How is a compound
different from an
element?
 MATTER

yes Can it be physically

no
separated?

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes Is the composition no yes Can it be chemically no

uniform? decomposed?

Homogeneous Heterogeneous Compound Element

Mixture Mixture
(solution) (suspension)

Colloids