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1
Information
Technology,
the Internet,
and You
Copyright 2019 The McGraw-Hill Companies, 1
Inc.
computing ESSENTIALS
Competencies
Information systems
Application software vs. system software
Computer types
Types of files
Connectivity, Wireless Revolution, and the Internet
Information Systems
People
Goal is to improve the productivity of
people
Procedures
Guidelines to follow using software,
hardware, data
Software
Hardware
Data
Raw unprocessed facts
Copyright 2019 The McGraw-Hill Companies, 3
Inc.
computing ESSENTIALS
Connectivity
People
Most important part of
an information system
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Software
Series of instructions that process data
Two kinds
System software
Used by the computer
Application software
System Software
Enables application software to interact with
computer hardware
Background software
Operating system software
Most important system software
Executes application software
Stores data and programs
Application Software
End-user software
General-purpose programs
Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint
Special-purpose programs
Custom written for specialized tasks
Hardware
Physical electronic
devices
Hardware functions
Input/Output data
Process data
Storage
Communication
Types of Computers
Supercomputers
Mainframe computers
Minicomputers
Microcomputers
Supercomputers
Mainframe Computers
Minicomputers
Also known as midrange computers
Desk-sized machines
Dedicated servers
Microcomputers
Least powerful but most popular
Sizes range from desktop to handheld
Includes:
Desktop
Laptop
PDAs
Microcomputer Hardware
Physical equipment
consist of
System unit
I/O devices
Secondary storage
System Unit
Contains most of the
electronic components
Significant components
Microprocessor
Controls and
manipulates data
Memory
Holds data and
programs during
processing
Input/Output Devices
Translation devices that interface the computer
with humans
Input devices
Keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera
Output devices
Monitor, printer, speakers
Hard disks
Magnetic tapes
Data Files
Electronic storage of
raw or processed
data
Common types
Document
Worksheet
Database
Presentation
Copyright 2019 The McGraw-Hill Companies, 19
Inc.
computing ESSENTIALS
Connectivity
• Computer’s ability to
communicate with
other computers
• Computer network
• Share information
over large
distances
Wireless Revolution
Most dramatic change in connectivity
Multifunctional devices
The Internet
Largest network in the world
Global connectivity
World Wide Web
Internet service providing multimedia
interface