Nov-Dec-2015-ICC-Indepedent Analysis II - PresentationBestNov282015

BREAKING NEWS!
JANUARY 7 2015: BREAKING NEWS! DOMINIC ONGWEN ARRESTED IN CAR!
Sources:
1. BBC(7 January 2015) : LRA rebel Dominic Ongwen surrenders to US forces in CAR!
Caption: African troops, backed by US forces, have set up a special unit to hunt Joseph Kony and the LRA
TOPIC: DEBUNKING THE DISTRESSING MYTH
SURROUNDING DOMINIC ONGWEN AND NEW
INSIGHTS INTO KONY WAR
By Caesar Ogole PICTURE ABOVE TAKEN IN 2006
“Man is not a farmer, or a professor, or an engineer, but he is all. Man is priest, and scholar, and statesman, and producer, and soldier. “- Emerson (American Scholar)
STARTED WORKING THIS PROJECT ON 11/3/2015.

Sources:
1. BBC (same article): LRA rebel Dominic Ongwen surrenders to US forces in CAR
Who is Dominic Ongwen ? [According to the BBC article]
Key highlights (according to the same BBC article).

• Said to have been abducted by LRA, aged 10, as he walked to school in northern Uganda
• Rose to become a top commander
• Accused of crimes against humanity, including enslavement
• ICC issued arrest warrant in 2005
• Rumoured to have been killed in the same year
• US offered $5m (£3.3m) reward for information leading to his arrest in 2013
Source: New Vision (Jan 07, 2015). Caption: Dominic Ongwen (center) meets leaders from Northern
Uganda in 2008 for peace talks in Ri-Kwangba. File Photo
JANUARY 9 2015: NEWS UPDATE: LRA'S DOMINIC ONGWEN 'CAPTURE':
SELEKA REBELS WANT $5M REWARD
Source: BBC. Caption: Seleka rebels control parts of northern Central African
Republic where the LRA has been active
MEANWHILE (JANUARY 9 2015) … THE HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH PROCEEDS TO
LAY OUT Q&A ON THE “CAPTURED LRA COMMANDER DOMINIC ONGWEN AND
THE ICC” [HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH ]
Highlights (Human Rights Watch , Jan 9 2015)

1. What is the Lord’s Resistance Army?
The Lord’s Resistance Army is an armed rebel group led by Joseph Kony. Organized in about 1987, it initially fought the
Ugandan government in northern Uganda, with incursions into southern Sudan….
2. Who is Dominic Ongwen?

Ongwen is from Gulu, northern Uganda. According to his family, he was born in 1980 and was abducted by the Lord’s
Resistance Army on his way to school in 1990 at age 10. Senior LRA leaders gave him military training and he eventually
became known as one of the LRA’s more ruthless commanders….
3. How did the ICC come to bring charges against Ongwen?

In December 2003, Uganda referred the situation of the Lord’s Resistance Army to the ICC. In July 2004, the ICC
prosecutor announced that the ICC was opening an investigation into the situation in northern Uganda. In July 2005,
the ICC issued sealed arrest warrants for war crimes and crimes against humanity for the LRA’s top five leaders at that
time: Joseph Kony, Vincent Otti, Okot Odhiambo, Raska Lukwiya, and Dominic Ongwen. The warrants were unsealed in
October, 2005. Lukwiya was killed in 2006 and Otti in late 2007. Odhiambo may have been killed in recent fighting,
Ugandan officials said.
…
NEWS UPDATE: UGANDA LRA COMMANDER DOMINIC ONGWEN 'TO BE SENT TO ICC'
Source: BBC:
CAPTION: LRA commander Dominic Ongwen says he was abducted by the rebels
when he was 10 years old
NEWS UPDATE : LRA commander Dominic Ongwen arrives at Hague court (21
January 2015)
SOURCE: BBC
Audio/VIDEO: on the run for almost a decade (1- 3) seconds

10-16 seconds – captured and conscripted as a child
- surrendered to United States and (logical AND) African Union Forces
– do they leave together? [second 1:05 – 1:10]
-he is accused of murdering, torturing and enslaving… by who?
-1:22 - and how he is inside here behind this wall in the cells in the ICCs
detention center
-1:28 - … the first thing will be medical tests AND then he will appear his
courts to hear charges against him
REACTIONS TO THE BREAKING NEWS…
BUT GRAVE ISSUES SURROUND THE REACTIONS

REACTIONS TO DOMINIC ONGWEN’S CAPTURE/SURRENDER…
QUESTIONS ARE ASKED AND/OR ANSWERED, OPINIONS/COMMENTS GIVEN OR
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: THE NEW VISION PUBLISH DATE: FEB
02, 2015)
• 1. For example, like most everyone, (as
reported by the newspapers), David Pulkol, the
former director of the External Security
Organization, skips [i.e forgets] tackling a still-
not-addressed issue of whether the person
captured is indeed Mr. Dominic Ongwen
himself.
• That is, his first concern is different from

addressing what should be the first critical
issue , in this case, verifying the identity of the
person said to be Ongwen. “He had risen to a David Pulkol, the former director of the
position of authority within the LRA and it External Security Organisation
cannot be said that he was under influence of
Kony. Why didn’t he leave the LRA when many
others did?” Pulkol asks.
The issue is that David Pulkol does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important question: --
whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using an appropriate method to be Mr.
Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
02, 2015)
2. In yet another example (as reported by the same newspaper), Ugandan Army
spokesperson Lt Col Paddy Ankunda’s top priority is far from addressing the first critical
issue- when asked to comment on Ongwen’s capture/surrender:
“We regret the fact that he was abducted, indoctrinated and turned into a killing
machine. But two wrongs do not make a right,” Ankunda stated.
“Ongwen’s delivery to the ICC is an opportunity for the victims in the North to get justice,
but it is also a chance for him to get a fair trial.”
The issue is that Paddy Ankunda does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using an appropriate
method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: ALJAZEERA PUBLISH DATE: 17 JAN
2015)
3. "He belongs to ICC. Our focus now is hunting down the last man standing: Joseph
Kony," Ankunda said.
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: ALJAZEERA PUBLISH DATE: 17 JAN
2015)
3. "We can now confirm he's the one and we can also confirm he's in our custody at our
base in Obo," said Paddy Ankunda, Uganda's military spokesman.“, Ankunda said.
question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured was confirmed using an appropriate
02, 2015)
Other examples, quoting the same newspaper article:
4. Former Otuke County MP Omara Atubo, whose area bore the brunt of the attacks, says Uganda
should focus on eliminating the conditions that gave rise to the likes of Ongwen.
5. Maj. Chris Magezi, a former spokesperson of the UPDF 5th Division in northern Uganda, says
Ongwen refused to take advantage of amnesty offered by the Government. “He was not the only
child who was abducted by the LRA. Many of them fled but Ongwen continued fighting. He knew
what he was doing,” he says.
 As if to consolidate his point , Magezi cites, among several other LRA commanders who
renounced rebellion, Brig Sam Kolo, who later went back to school and recently graduated
with a masters in business administration at Gulu University.
The issue is that both Omara Atubo and Chris Magezi do not bother to ask what should have been the first and
most important question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using
an appropriate method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
02, 2015)
Other examples, quoting the same newspaper article:
6. Daniel Bekele, the Africa director at Human Rights Watch, says Ongwen’s arrest and trial at the
ICC is ‘a major opportunity to advance peace and justice for LRA’s long record of atrocities.’.
The issue is that Daniel Bakele does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: REUTERS, CANADA PUBLISH DATE: FEB
02, 2015)
Some what an interesting example:
“Uganda army confirms rebel LRA commander in custody”, screams another source [Jan 7, 2015-
Reuters, Canada ]
8. The same Paddy Ankunda says:
"We can now confirm he's the one and we can also confirm he's in our custody at our base in Obo,"
said Paddy Ankunda, Uganda's military spokesman.
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: 08 FEBRUARY 2015, THE
INDEPENDENT)
Some what an interesting example:
“Dominic Ongwen at the Hague”, screams another source [08 February 2015, The Independent]
9.Retired Bishop Macleod Baker Ochola(Kitgum Diocese) who is also a member of the Acholi
Religious Leaders Peace Initiative (ARLPI)says before people pronounce Ongwen guilty, his former
situation—his abduction and the trauma he experienced— should be considered.
“Ongwen was a child and his innocence should have been considered—before being taken to The
Hague,” said Ochola, who directly experienced the brunt of the LRA conflict.
The issue is that Bishop Macleod Baker does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most
important question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using an
appropriate method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
INDEPENDENT)
Retired Bishop Macleod Baker…
In 1987, one of Ochola’s daughters committed suicide after being brutally attacked by the LRA
and exactly a decade later, his wife, Winifred, was killed in a landmine blast. But rather than live
with anger after the loss of his loved ones, Ochola is one of the prominent religious leaders in the
North who have pursued sustainable peace over the last two decades.
INDEPENDENT)
Retired Bishop Macleod Baker…
Ochola promotes forgiveness and reconciliation and has been a strong advocate of different
approaches to achieve peace and justice, including the use of the traditional reconciliation system
of ‘Mato Oput.’
“The ICC is not the right system for serving justice,” Ochola told The Independent in a telephone
interview on Jan.31.
INDEPENDENT)
Somewhat an interesting example:
Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.
Yet not everyone in the Greater North agrees with the sentiments from the Acholi sub-region.
Indeed some observers say the latest emotional outpouring following Ongwen’s jettison to The
Hague threatens to re-open old wounds in northern Uganda.
The issue is that even further analysis [from the so-called ”Greater North” ] is misplaced or irrelevant at this time:
The first issue to be addressed is whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed
using an appropriate method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
 I called this a somewhat interesting example because the article gives a false impression of a well balanced
analysis yet in fact the analyses are flawed in other ways – perhaps, this time intentional!
INDEPENDENT)
Victor Ochen…
10. Victor Ochen, the director of the Africa Youth Initiative Network; a Lira-based non-profit that
offers both medical and psychological rehabilitation to thousands of victims and survivors of the
LRA conflict was in The Hague to witness Ongwen’s pre-trial on Jan.26.
The issue is that Victor Ochen does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
INDEPENDENT)
10. Victor Ochen …
Ochen told The Independent in a recent email exchange with this reporter that while in The
Hague, many people whose family members and relatives were abducted by the Lord’s Resistance
Army (LRA) kept calling him. Most wanted to know how many of the children Ongwen abducted
came back with him or; whether if at all, he had pointed out areas where they are.
The issue is that Victor Ochen, or the people who “kept calling” calling him, do(es)/did not bother to ask what
should have been the first and most important question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was
captured) was confirmed using an appropriate method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
INDEPENDENT)
Ochen, whose own brother was abducted by an Ongwen-led group in2003, said these questions
reminded him of the lasting pain of families of abducted people who remain missing and of how
strongly they want their relatives back.
“The war has created an environment of ethnic-divide and finger-pointing across the Greater
North,” he said, “Given these circumstances, the ongoing campaign for Ongwen to receive amnesty
instead of facing justice can also be seen, especially by his victims, as a strategy to nurture a culture
of impunity.”
INDEPENDENT)
Ochen says it may be alright for many people to raise Ongwen’s status as a former child soldier—
and if it is true—it should be taken into account during his trial.
However, he hastily adds: “The mere formal status of a former child soldier should not overshadow
Ongwen’s acts as a senior commander in a group notorious for sexual enslavement, mutilations and
kidnappings.”
“In his senior and trusted position within the LRA, Ongwen had the best opportunity to leave,”
Ochen said, adding that, “Many other people, whom he abducted, managed to escape and came
back home.”
question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured ) was confirmed using an appropriate
INDEPENDENT)
“Some among those who had managed to flee came back with testimonies about how brutal
Ongwen was to other children who tried to escape, which shows him in the light of a perpetrator,
not a victim.”
Ochen says it is important to realise that Ongwen, like any other LRA commander, has achieved
enough prominence for all the wrong reasons.
“Attention now needs to be focused on those victims whose lives he destroyed and whose days are
still defined by severe physical and emotional pain.” Ongwen returns to court on Aug.24.
INDEPENDENT)
Balanced analysis?
• Starts with analyzing and acknowledging inconsistencies (e.g. in biodata). How about the
clear inconsistency in his bio data? –
11. However, Stephen Oola of the Refugee Law Project says if Ongwen’s contradictions continue,
this will obviously be a concern when the trial begins in earnest on Aug. 24.
• “The contradictions in the court records, what family members say, and what Ongwen himself
knows are a grave concern,” Oola said, adding that, the Refugee Law Project is trying to
‘harmonise’ Ongwen’s family members so they can reach out to him in regard to providing
accurate and coherent information.
• Interestingly, Joseph Kony effectively became the leader of the LRA around 1988 when he
gathered the remnants of Alice Lakwena’s defeated Holy Spirit Movement
The issue is that Stephen Oola does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
INDEPENDENT)
Sub-title: Acholi remains sympathetic
As Ongwen started the process of facing international justice at The Hague, in his native homeland,
his kinsmen remain skeptical about that type of justice.
12. Betty Aol Ocan, the Woman MP for Gulu maintains Ongwen is a victim of circumstances.
“Ongwen was abducted as a child and when he stayed in captivity for two years, things became
normal for him and it is very easy to indoctrinate a child of that age,” she recently told The
Independent.
The issue is that Aol Ocan does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important question: --
whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using an appropriate method to be
Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
INDEPENDENT)
13. This line is peddled by Lucy Akello also.
“He is an Acholi who was abducted as a child and was traumatized and had to do all those things
he is accused of [in order for him] to survive,” Akello says.
The issue is that Lucy Akello does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured ) was confirmed using an appropriate
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: 20 JAN 2015, THE INDEPENDENT)
“Ban welcomes transfer to ICC of alleged perpetrator of Uganda war crimes”, The United Nations
News Center
14. United Nations Chief, Ban ki Moon:
“It is a step forward in efforts to bring justice to the thousands of victims of LRA violence in Uganda,
South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and CAR [Central African Republic] over the
past 28 years,” the UN chief said.
The issue is that the UN Chief does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
INDEPENDENT)
15. At a more technical level, the lawyer, Francis Onyango insists there were problematic aspects
to Ongwen’s transfer to The Hague considering that the crimes for which he was indicted were
committed in Uganda. “Under normal circumstances, Ongwen was supposed to be repatriated to
Uganda; where a judge was supposed to prepare his indictment to The Hague. But what happened
to Ongwen in the Central African Republic was extra-judicial or akin to a kidnap.”
The issue is that Francis Onyango does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
INDEPENDENT)
15. Lawyer, Francis Onyango…
Onyango adds that his rights of access to legal counsel were violated during the detention period
by the US troops and the UPDF. As a result Ongwen ended up signing documents which he did not
understand. The same happened when he gave several media statements. This only happened
because he lacked legal advice, Onyango says.
The issue is that Francis Onyango does not bother to ask what should have been the first and most important
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: 08 FEBRUARY 2015, THE NEW VISION)
Unsubstantiated data/statistics…
• During the 2004 LRA attacks, at least 22 LRA rebels surrendered to the army,
including eight at Namokora in Chua County in addition to six at Ngomo-Romo in
Kitgum district. Eight rebels gave up arms at Atanga in Aruu subcounty in Pader
district. Among them were Maj. Celsion Okot, his soldiers and Lt. Patrick Okot.
• Statistics are just thrown in here and there. Some are confirmed killed. How? By
who? Click here for more
The issue is that all other details/statistics are immaterial at this point : The first question to be addressed here
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: JAN 08 2015, THE MONITOR)
• Referral to ICC unclear
Senior officials in the government voiced further on consultations with The Hague to
decide whether he should be forwarded for trial.
16. The Permanent Secretary in the Foreign Affairs ministry, Ambassador James
Mugume, said the two parties would discuss the ICC “Complementarity Principle”, which
gives states first responsibility and rights to prosecute international crimes such as those
allegedly committed by Ongwen.
“Our legal team will have consultative mechanisms with parties concerned and decide.
But we also have duly constituted courts that try him,” Mr Mugume said in reference to
the ICC.
• Statistics are just thrown in here and there. Some are confirmed killed. How? By who?
Click here for more
The issue is that all other details/statistics are immaterial at this point : The first question to be addressed here
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: JAN 08 2015, NATION TV-UGANDA)
• Titular Head of Acholi Tribe (also called the Paramount Chief of Acholi)
17. According to the titular head of the Acholi David Achana, the community has
forgiven Ongwen…[Reports from NTV News]
“As much as they committed atrocities, they were also taken against their will, and we
all failed to protect them from being taken. So for us locally, we say that if any of them
will come back home, we shall forgive them, and that’s why we have advocated for
forgiveness and reconciliation, we have advocated for amnesty…” [Video at 1:52s –
2:28s]
Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV Uganda [on Youtube]
The issue is that the Paramount Chief of Acholi David Achana does not bother to ask what should have been the first
and most important question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using
an appropriate method to be Mr. Ongwen himself – and not any other person!
SO WHAT COMPELLED ME TO [NOW IN NOVEMBER 2015] DELVE DEEPER INTO
THE HITHERTO IMPROBABLE QUEST AND TERRITORY…
REASONS [WHY] I WAS COMPELLED TO DELVE INTO THIS ISSUE
1. The ever unsettling stories reached is reaching its climax and toll…!
From the breaking news we looked at e.g. BBC(7 January 2015):
 It started with a glance at the newspaper pictures, as I often do… but this time
[unlike ever before], followed by growing curiosity on my side because of the
striking resemblance of the Ongwen’s attire (matches in colors of suit and ties) to
mine.
 Questions on my mind: A joke, or for real (and certain things mere
coincidences)? Plus, the face looked somewhat, though faintly, familiar…
Caption: Ex-LRA commander Dominic Ongwen makes his

My (Caesar Ogole) Photo taken and shared publicly on or around July 3,
first appearance at the ICC
2014
Source: ICC official website.
2. Bad timing?! Or by design?
From the breaking news we looked at e.g. BBC(7 January 2015):
 My interest in the issue grew deeper a little later [around Jan 26 2015] when these pictures surfaced of
Ongwen said to be at ICC … but I held the unsettling curiosity in the cache of my mental memory for the
news coincided with pressing and tough times [of LAONA disturbance] that demanded immediate
attention… until now in early November, 2015.
Caption: Ex-LRA commander Dominic Ongwen My (Caesar Ogole) photo taken and
makes his first appearance at the ICC shared publicly on or around July 3,
Source: ICC official website. 2014
2. Unusually zealous promotion of “nomination” of my former village mate for Nobel

Prize
I call it “unusual” because, on the Facebook page of LAONA – which I very much
sacrificed to found, whoever is administering it was very unkind in her wordings…
REASONS [WHY] I WAS COMPELLED TO DELVE MORE INTO THIS ISSUE
2. Unusual promotion of “nomination” of my former village mate for Nobel Prize
I call it “unusual” because, on the Facebook page of LAONA – which I very much
sacrificed to found, whoever is administering it was very unkind in her wordings…
The strange things are that – it is bad joke – if it was meant to be a joke, really:
• The promotion on the LAONA Facebook Page seemed to have been very personally directed at me who, [like
Ochen], hails from Abia,- more especially at creating some kind of antagonism or inciting me in someway, -
forgetting the unsung struggles some of us have gone through and contributions we have made in the past to
the community (and beyond) despite the limitations. I started voluntarily advocated for improvement of social
welfare of local people and promotion of rights way back as a child through writing essays, church volunteering,
and even giving talks…
• About 8 years ago, I had joked with some [Ugandan] professors who had seemed a huge obstacle that I was
going to win Nobel Prize! [More so, a video I had shared that described how collective intelligence can be
harnessed to solve community daunting challenges talked about Nobel Prize, though with some jokes…].
• In any case, the promotion was misleading since the “50 year secrecy rule” applies when a person is nominated
for Nobel Prize. My response on the page was simply… out of some uncomfortable feeling… Didn’t know exactly
how to respond. It was an embarrassing campaign to some extent, to say the least.
2. Looking back… I see unusual perturbations [via communications] directed towards me

which, overtime [i.e now], I thought was “beyond meets the eye” – not just usual jokes.
Examples:
• Year 2012: Invitation extended by Victor Ochen to me to attend the some conference related to “KONY 2012”.
• I must confess I had little or no knowledge of what they were [going to] talk about as I went solely in courtesy–
the reason I declined to take a front seat [as part of the panel] when Ochen directly [or via one of his Facilitators
…] requested me to join the panel discussion that comprised Ochen himself, Mr. Nobert Mao (then Member of
Parliament of Gulu, Uganda), Milton Allimadi (of NYC’s Blackstar News), Invisible Children officials (who had
created the viral KONY 2012 video, among others.
• This is where we took the photo below - after Ochen’s participation on the panel discussion… “We used to eat
mangoes together…” Ochen joked. “He is going to help us with website development…”, one of Ochen’s
coordinators/friends joked when I said I was from Computer Science background.
2. Looking back… I see unusual perturbations [via communications] which, overtime, I
thought was “beyond meets the eye” – not just usual jokes.
Examples:
• Year 2015: From nowhere, Victor Ochen goes on talking [that is, communicating to me] about him going about
to make numerous speeches, which, oddly I can’t seem to find scripted version of the talks just so I could get a
better idea of what he is trying to promote so zealously. And this coincided with the time Ongwen’s capture was
making news headlines- and Ochen was supposedly at ICC to air out his opinion on Ongwen – in his capacity as a
survivor and victim’s representative.
• Still, at this time, despite the LAONA Facebook page’s depressing call for people to visit Ochen’s facebook page
and website, I had more critical issues pending, and that needed my attention than getting into the details of
Ochen’s work- which I assumed was his own calling and that it was just a great welcomed development like I had
expressed in my compliments to him – one-on-one.
• However, a quick visit [around Feb/March] of 2015 on Ochen’s website– I picked some key term: “transitional
justice” – which seemed to be Ochen’s keyword in his campaign. In trying to understand clearly what it meant – I
ran into trouble: the trouble of confusion, for I could get any reliable reference notes explaining exactly what
“transitional justice” meant! In fact, Ochen’s explanation [if not understanding] of the term “transitional justice”
itself – the only close-to-comprehensive scripted version I could find [though on a blog]- raised a red flag. It
didn’t seem correct – and yet it didn’t seem simple matter!
• In about May 2015, I went to top libraries in New York, and I could not find a good reference. One big reference
library had one copy but it was on special use [borrowed] for about one month. They asked me to get back on
June 23 2015. Indeed I went back, I found the one copy by the pioneer of “Transitional Justice” – Ruti Teitel.
2. Looking back… I see unusual perturbations [via communications] which, overtime, I

thought was “beyond meets the eye” – not just usual jokes.
Examples: On the meaning of transitional justice – Ochen’s campaign mantra.

• Year 2015: From nowhere, Victor Ochen goes on talking [that is, communicating to me] about him going about
to make numerous speeches, which, oddly I can’t seem to find scripted version of the talks just so I could get a
better idea of what he is trying to promote so zealously. And this coincided with the time Ongwen’s capture was
making news headlines- and Ochen was supposedly at ICC to air out his opinion on Ongwen – in his capacity as a
survivor and victim’s representative.
• Still, at this time, despite the LAONA Facebook page’s depressing call for people to visit Ochen’s facebook page
and website, I had more critical issues pending, and that needed my attention than getting into the details of
Ochen’s work- which I assumed was his own calling and that it was just a great welcomed development like I had
expressed in my compliments to him – one-on-one.
• However, a quick visit [around Feb/March] of 2015 on Ochen’s website– I picked some key term: “transitional
justice” – which seemed to be Ochen’s keyword in his campaign. In trying to understand clearly what it meant – I
ran into trouble: the trouble of confusion, for I could get any reliable reference notes explaining exactly what
“transitional justice” meant! In fact, Ochen’s explanation [if not understanding] of the term “transitional
justice” [cached copy / highlighted copy] – the only close-to-comprehensive scripted version of his talks I could
find [never mind its on a blog]- raised a red flag. It didn’t seem correct to me– and yet it didn’t seem simple
matter!
3. Campaigns do not synchronize… some authority say it is still at test bed; some seem to
be already implementing it; while seem “not ready for unplanned transition”...
• Indeed on Jun 3, 2015, knowing that LAONA forum had people from various expertise, I asked Mr. Dickson
Ogwang, a Ugandan Embassy Official at Washington DC, USA - whose training background is in Law [from
Makerere University, Uganda]… but his response was short of my expectations.
• Earlier, in late May 2015, I had gone to top libraries and bookstores in New York in search for a good book that,
at least, introduces the term “transitional justice” , but I could not find any- at all ! One Big Reference Library
that is supposed to have all [great] books not found elsewhere [told me they] had one copy but it was on special
use [borrowed unusually] for about one month. They asked me to get back on June 23 2015. Indeed I went back,
I found the one copy by the pioneer of “Transitional Justice” – Ruti Teitel. Although I didn’t have the luxury to
read the entire book, I was satisfied with what I read in the introductory section of chapter one, and I
immediately made scan copies of the pages!
• Now I know that when someone talks of transitional justice, I know that what they should ideally be aiming at is
transitioning to…. democracy [according to the textbook by Ruti Teitel]! Yes, democracy ! – a term, which to me,
overtime , doesn’t make much sense – but let’s leave that at that!
• Still confusion seemed to mar the campaigns for “transitional justice”: [examples are available]:
 “War crimes victims need speedy redress, Govt told”-June 18-2015- [Uganda] [cached copy],
 “We Youth Are Not Ready for Unplanned Transition” ]-July-23-2015 - [cached copy]
4. The unsettling Ongwen story keeps popping up… now it is September through
November [2015]. The new claims [of new 60 charges, dropping of plans to try Ongwen
in Uganda, etc], to me, are still irrelevant relative to the question that must first be
addressed: confirmation of the identity of the person in question!
• So why all these campaigns that don’t seem to make sense… ? Why all these coincidences… not only with the
LAONA but almost everywhere else… At a few glances, why does it appear that everyone is kind of after me, if
not following my footsteps…
• Now (in early November 2015) that I have tackled LAONA issues somewhat… let me try to look into what Ochen
is up to in other dimensions… not only his campaign for transitional justice but in relation to the puzzling
Ongwen story…
• So ran the stores again:

o “LRA's Ongwen faces 60 additional charges” [The New Vision – Uganda’s daily- Sep 24, 2015]
o “ICC drops plan to have Ongwen tried in Uganda” –[The New Vision – Uganda’s daily- October 30 2015]
4. Plus, some of us are victims too… and we know and can tell the story just as well or
even better [that is, with objectivity]… while suggesting practical and lasting solutions as
opposed to amassing gains/popularity at the expense of others or preaching other
people’s ideologies that are not applicable to the situations...
• I started school at Abia Primary School in 1998. My first memory of the Kony War goes as far back as 1987[or
1988] while I was at Abia! One day, in the morning, we (me and my siblings) woke up to the news that some
armed group [of unknown size – but a dozen is fair estimate] had robbed a shop at Abia Trading Center at night–
one of the few shops in the village. [Our parents had gone to another distant village for traditional marriage
ceremony – or something of the sort]. In fact, the shop belonged to one of my favorite teachers – who taught me
at Abia Primary School, and her shop/home only half a mile away from ours. The looters scattered torn
scholastic materials [exercise books, pencils], which, by our standards then, were very expensive material –
along the road as they disappeared without into the tiny roads deeper into the villages…
• I remember this particular teacher vividly for, in 1988, she taught us the conversation:
“Three little fishes swam away. The first went to Adwari. The second to Okwang, and the third came
back to me!”
o Which was a slightly modified of the rendition of the standard textbook version:
“Three little fishes swam away. The first went to England. The second to London, and the third came
back to me!”
[Or something of to that effect].
In fact, that was the first time we were being taught the localized rendition. The pupils at Primary Two would laugh
at us [at Primary One] for being local [talking about Okwang, Adwari – neighboring villages – yet they were the
taught and accustomed to the original London, England- or whatever].
even better [that is, with objectivity]… while suggesting practical and lasting solutions …
some of us just thought [that is, took it for granted] that the people (activists, etc) were
doing things the way we looked at it… alas!
• In fact, occasionally, after my Sunday [Catholic] service which was conducted in one of the classrooms, this
teacher, who attended her Sunday Church service at a nearby (Anglican) church in the same school compound, -
would intercept me and my favorite girl-classmate, Acen Ayori [who attended her church] – she would make the
two of us (and sometimes, a few others) recite the conversation (of the Three Little Fishes and other such plays]
as the church-goers and others from nearby Sunday-Club gathering, gathered to watch our performance.
• They would leave contented… talking to themselves, … “otino no dum dumoro” – but we felt shy sometimes
volunteering to perform. To the extent that one day, when we shyly declined to eat slices of pawpaw that the
teacher had brought for all the pupils in appreciation of impressive mastery of the conversation, she had to
order us on the floor for canes … so we swallowed our shyness (rather, the paw-paws)!
• But that we could recite such conversations in English should not be such a great impression, for in our own Leb
Lango, I was taught how to read and write in Leb Lango before I joined primary school. My father had taught me
using that popular book, “Cako Kwan i Leb Lango”, … and towards the end of the book, for thos who can
remember, there is a tongue-twister, that goes:
Bura buto ite bao. Abal bino tic i buc. Abolo ber me acama. Obol obolo cabun i becen!
Which, I would equate, in level of difficulty, to the English language tongue-twister:

Betty bought butter. The butter she bought was bitter. Betty bought better butter, to make the bitter butter
come better.
doing things the way I looked at it (as I am describing here)… alas!
• The gist of the story is, I still have memories dating as far back when my village first heard – yes heard of (and
experienced) the brutality of Kony. In fact, then, we didn’t know it as Kony nor [as] LRA. That time, people called
the group “Ototong” which loosely translates to “people who hack/cut/slash other people”. There is another
term that was used to refer to them, something like, “celil” or “cet ilil” –I don’t remember its origin nor its
meaning. The term/name Kony (and later LRA) became known to us the local community of Abia and
neighboring regions – much much later, perhaps in 90’s. We used to call them “ototong” for years.
• The overlap of attacks by neighboring cattle rustlers (Karamojong) and LRA from then onwards presented all
sorts of problems and confusion. We had to seek refuge for days in the neighboring bushes, villages and later in
the so-called “Internally Displaced People’s” [IDP] camps- which essentially, means people are refugees in their
own regions!
• In 1996, while I was a student at Lango College (Northern Uganda), the LRA raided and abducted students from
Aboke Senior Secondary School (Aboke S.S.S). Aboke S.S.S is a girls’ boarding school which is about 35 miles from
Lango college. Strangely, a number of girls that were abducted were in senior two, the same form I was in then.
One of the girls (Brenda) had attended the same primary school with me at Adyel Primary School, two years
earlier, in Lira- only 2 miles from Lango College.
doing things the way I looked at it (as I am describing here)… alas!
• In 2004, when Kony attacked Abia, killing many people – including my close relatives [including a paternal
Uncle]- I was a student at Makerere University, Kampala– about 300 mile away in the South/Central region of
Uganda.
• The attack took place on Feb 4th 2004. That evening, I was preparing for an end of semester exam for the course
unit, “Introduction to Artificial Intelligence” – an undergraduate Computer Science course unit at Makerere
University. It was after I completed [sitting for] the exam the next day when I heard of the sad news of the Abia
massacre. What would you do if you were me…?
And now Ongwen clad in suit at ICC…
With stories not adding up, creating more puzzles and pains…
“Puzzlement / perplexity motivates search for resolution..”, From Scott Schreiber’s book “Aristotle on False
Reasoning”
MORE REACTIONS TO THE BREAKING NEWS…

SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER [SOURCE: SOCIAL MEDIA – JAN 2015)
18. Victor Ochen – 2015

Nobel Peace Prize Nominee:
“I am happy that finally,

justice is being done!”
Moses Chrispus Okello Victor: It wouldn't be justice if he did

not get his day and personally I would prefer a dressed up
Ongwen in court than the rug-tag portraits I have seen. No
offense my brother, just saying this is way too complicated
but doing so in a lighthearted fashion.
January 27 at 1:51pm · Edited · Like

Fanny Soppa This is a very important moment for you and all
the survivors. I wish that you and all survivors find some
peace after the court has juged and I wish all of you much
power in this important and very difficult situation of facing
Ongwen. I am not ab...See More
January 27 at 12:41pm · Like

Olivia Guienan this case is a little co:mpplicated. i heard that
he himself was a victim before becoming a perpetrator.
January 27 at 1:13pm · Like
Fanny Soppa yes this is true and always a dilemma and very
complicated. Its not easy to find the right way in this case.
January 27 at 1:25pm · Like ….
19. Ugandan Quartet on Nation TV
Uganda:
1. Fourth Estate Host, Charles Mwanguhya
“A very good evening and welcome to the Fourth

Estate… Tonight, we will be discussing the capture
or surrender of Dominic Ongwen indicted top
commander of the Lord’s Resistance Army… who
has now been transferred to ICC… ” [Video at 1:52s
– 2:28s]
Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source

Nation TV Uganda [on Youtube]
The issue is that the Ugandan Fourth Estate Quartet does not bother to ask what should have been the first and
most important question: -- whether the person who surrendered (or who was captured) was confirmed using an
Uganda:
[Screen subtitle] - Topic: Dominic Ongwen Trial,

International Terrorism
2. Fourth Estate Host, Charles Mwanguhya
“…. Let’s get back to the meat and substance of

discussion... capture or the surrender of Dominic
Ongwen -- there are different versions. Seleka
rebels… the seleka militia says they captured him...
earlier we heard that they surrendered to
American forces...” [Video at 3:15s]
Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source

Uganda:
1. Colonel Felix Kuliyagye, Political Commissar, [Former

National Army(UPDF) Spokesperson, Former Commander in
Northern Uganda/DR Congo.
“Yes, he was (handed to ICC)… ” [Video at 3:54S]
Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV

Uganda [on Youtube]
Uganda:
Interception:
Nicholas Opiyo, Advocate, Human Rights Lawyer
“Charles, just a factual correction… , Dominic Ongwen has

NOT yet been handed over to the ICC… ” [Video at 4:25S]
Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation

TV Uganda [on Youtube]
All else (often intelligent, but sometimes, mixed-up) are irrelevant at this point.
This particular example shows that no one knows who is an authority in the sense of telling the real truth - who to
believe! [The details of the protocols of who hands over to who before ICC receives the culprit- as discussed by
Nicholas Opiyo is irrelevant… at this point]
23. Ugandan Quartet on Nation TV Uganda:
Interception:
Chris Obore, co-host of the talk-show (colleague [panelist])
First of all, I just want to give it a wider perspective on why all these
Ongwens, these things we are discussing are byproducts of a certain
political process [that has] gone bad... and I think Africa suffers from
ideological confusion. Today we are all saying the UPDF has said we can
take him to ICC. [Our dearest president..] .. has said ever and ever.. that he
will pull out of ICC: that ICC is witch-hunting African presidents .... but now
there is a citizen that who has been on the other side of the law... there is no
demonstration that we can use our internal mechanism to resolve our
differences with Ongwen... it is very fast to say ICC deal with him... that kind
of ideological double standards will never take Africa to ... I wanted to hear
our leaders say yes we have got one of our bandits (… or any word you want
to use against Ogwen)... but we are going to demonstrate to the West that
we have mechanisms to deal with conflict of whatever gravity, and to settle
matters... but .. Ongwen is being told to go to ICC...... [...16:30 ] from the
video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV Uganda [on Youtube]
 All else (often intelligent, but sometimes, mixed-up) are irrelevant at this point.
Interception:
“Once somebody’s livelihood, the fortunes of people are affected,

the livelihoods, it means that we have a broken system … whatever
the cause was, we must seek fairness… we must seek justice for
these people. The point is, the [ICC] process [.. The outcome…]
should be able to be felt by the victims or the families… How does
this going to ICC… Ogwen can go there and government can say he
has been imprisoned 50 years… but the sisters, the people of St.
Mary’s Lacor, those old men… some died… Amuru was desolated…
what does surrender of Ongwen, what does the prosecution of
Ongwen mean to them?... ”
[...28:30 ] from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV

Uganda [on Youtube]
Interception:
“There are two answers.. The victim’s interests are best

served at the ICC… Victims can make their own arguments…
Reparations go beyond money… “,
[...30:06 ] from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV
Uganda [on Youtube]
Uganda:
Interception:
Chris Obore, co-host of the talk-show (colleague
[panelist])
“For me the best reparations, in my view, for the

victims is uplifting their region from social,
economic backwardness... What is
backwardness..? [some discussion on what
backwardness is - versus economic retardation]…“,
[...33:20 ] from the video [cached copy] – Source
SOUGHT IN ARBITRARY ORDER: SO WHAT?
Someone could try to “challenge” me by presenting a typically colloquial question: “if you don’t trust what they say,
why don’t you just ignore them? Why don’t you mind your own business?” Or, similarly, “why don’t you use your
favorite ‘journal’ references if the newspapers are not reliable”?
Answer:
 These are very serious issues that nobody should even try to play games with – not at this point, at least . This is not
a question of me trusting or not trusting what the people above say or said. It is a question of addressing the
problems and holes in their reactions: whether some of them intended it or not is a different and indeed another
grave issue! The biggest problem is that the people quoted above are some of the top authority whose words (or
similar interventions) are broadcast throughout the world as the truth! Nothing wrong with that except when they
go wrong at issues of grave importance!
 The media (e.g. BBC, Aljazeera, New Vision, Monitor, The Independent, NTV, etc) and other institutions (e.g. ICC)
have a responsibility to check that what they publish is correct- especially when it concerns important issues such
as the LRA where people’s lives and dignity are at stake!
 Plus, we must note that times have changed: the communities [such as Abia, Aboke, Barlonyo, etc] whose lives
they are affecting negatively [through negative campaigns] have produced and [will] continue to produce sons and
daughters who are as just smart people (and sometimes smarter!) and productive to the world (positively)–as the
judges at ICC, journalists at BBC, soldiers at UN Peace Keeping Forces, doctors at MSF, scientists at Bell Labs,
professors are major universities, good housewives, mothers, fathers, and so on and so forth!
Someone could try to “challenge” me by presenting a typically colloquial question: “if you don’t trust what they say,
don’t you just ignore them? Why don’t you mind your own business?” Or, similarly, why don’t you use your favorite
“journal” references if the newspapers are not reliable?
Answer: (continued…)
 And it’s not the case that I want to poke my nose into every affairs. In fact, I had surrendered my trust to other
activists [like Ochen] hoping they would take care of issues such as discrepancies in news stories (that affect me,
Abia or just anyone, anywhere). I had hoped I would peacefully concentrate on my [other] chosen career path..
without the very disturbing interruption that I have continued to experience. I had hope other activists would take
care of asking questions such as … “is this really Ongwen.. Or it is some game directed at causing other people
agony…”.
 But I have endured for years – with numerous risk-laden interruptions at my other quests [or career paths]– and I
am forced to try to look at this evil in the eye….
“The media makes mistakes all the time… Why the fuss?”
Answer: (continued…)
 Yes, I am aware of that.. But even then, those who are affected often don’t allow the issue to go just like that. They
seek clarity, at least!
 Consider the following single instant, as an example:
On the 11 November 2015, M days, after, there was a glaring headline to clarify the issue:
1. “CMI [Chieftaincy of Military Intelligence] boss to sue the BBC – over allegations that Uganda had acquired high-tech
equipment to spy on opposition leaders” – New vision Oct 22, 2015 [cached copy]
2. “BBC report on surveillance was forged – Govt” – New vision Nov 11, 2015 [cached copy]
As a Challenge (or food for thought): Consider a scenario where the situation is systematic – spread across years,
across media outlets (but not only BBC), with systematic distortions, and in all manners imaginable:= but that on
unscrambling, the fear that the campaign is aimed/ targetted at targeted at destroying another person(s), community
or even generations!!!
=> Such is the problem we are faced with here! It is no laughing matter. What would you do if it were you being
targeted?
And now Ongwen clad in suit at ICC…
With stories not adding up, creating more puzzles and pains…
“Puzzlement / perplexity motivates search for resolution..”, From Scott Schreiber’s book “Aristotle on False
Reasoning”
SOME PICTURE BREAKS…

Ongwen’s suit and ties- coming after my earlier pictures were seen by
community members and others…
Rupiny- Luo newspaper headline: Ruke oloke twatwal
Clad in a suit, Dominic Ongwen made his first Photo taken on or around July 3, 2014
appearance at the ICC in The Hague, on January
26, 2015
Source: New Vision
Clad in a suit, Dominic Ongwen made his first

appearance at the ICC in The Hague, on January Photo taken on or around July 3, 2014
26, 2015
Source: New Vision
From the Website: Africanist: 5 March, 2015.

Headline: A child soldier who became a moster
Caesar Ogole (second from left): Part of research

Caesar Ogole (second from right): At University of
group 2007, University of Groningen, the
Groningen Alumni meeting, New York City, March,
Netherlands
2012
Source: University of Groningen
From the Website: Africanist: 5 March, 2015.

Headline: A child soldier who became a moster
Caesar Ogole (second from left): Part of research

Photo taken on or around July 3, 2014: Available
group 2007, University of Netherlands
publicly on my facebook page
Source: University of Groningen
From some Website: Africanist: Headline: Caption: Mr

Ongwen (in a blue shirt) appeared before journalists at Ongwen at supposedly at ICC, 2015
an undisclosed location in the Central African Republic
on 17 January before flying from Bangui to The Hague.
[Ongwen walking with soldiers . Omony=soldiers in leb
luo]
[Bangui= Ted wii ---- in Obim from Betty]
Caesar Ogole walks with Omony – picture was Photo taken on or around July 3, 2014 (Madison
temporarily available for about a month to Square Garden, New York City): Available publicly
public in July 2015: Netherlands on my facebook page
My facebook caption reads:
Source: Monitor newspaper. How can a notorious warlord be that

carefree with an enemy. Take note of the NOKIA – coincidence with my
NOKIA phone software tutorial?
AND FINALLY, IN EARLY [IN EARLY NOVEMBER…], I TAKE TIME OFF
TO LOOK DEEPER INTO VICTOR OCHEN’S FACEBOOK PHOTOS…
AND FINALLY, I LOOK INTO VICTOR OCHEN’S PHOTOS, AND I REVISIT THE
PHOTOS I HAD SHARED PUBLICLY EARLIER (IN JULY 2014)… AND SOME MORE
SURPRISES?! MEMETICS…? FURTHER STIMULATING MY CURIOSITY…
If not memetics… could it be some gesture that what you do, I can also do it… ?
“This is what we call in mathematics, hysteresis. The path that you take to
somewhere, once you get to that somewhere, doesn’t exist any more.” said Yanis
Varoufakis
AND THE STORY OF ONGWEN FROM VARIOUS SOURCE…
1. PRINT AND ONLINE NEWS

NATURE OF NEWS STORIES AND NARRATIVES: FALLACIES, DISCREPANCIES AND
INADEQUACIES OF EVIDENCE - RAISING [RED] FLAGS
Date Source Surrendered or Captured by Identity confirmed? Not- look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name issue Others issues
captured? who or [discrepancy issue [discrepancy abduction/age [discrepancy [discrepancy
[discrepancy surrendered discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] abducted discussed?] discussed?]
discussed?] to who? discussed?] [discrepancy
[discrepancy discussed?]
discussed?]
Jan 07 The Monitor [pdf] Surrendered Seleka rebels Identity not Earlier reportedly
2015 The Monitor [url] [NO] confirmed killed/genetic finger-
[cached copy] [NO] [YES] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] printing
Jan 07 Yahoo News[pdf] Captured Identity not mid-30’s 10 son of school

2015 Yahoo News[url] confirmed teachers; dreadlocks;
[cached copy] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] 2002 and
2003/attacks
Jan 08 The Monitor[pdf] US Special Identity not 1990 * Known as the

2015 The Monitor[url] forces confirmed 10 White Ant, *positively identified;
[cached copy] [NO] [YES*] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] Dominic Ongwen General;
… Earlier reportedly
killed
Jan 09 Human Rights Surrendered *received Believed to be 10 *A senior commander

2015 Watch[pdf] into custody 34 [dob=1980] [1990] of the LRA, Ceasar
Human Rights by US [NO] Achellam, has been in
Watch[url] military [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] Ugandan
[lcached copy] advisors military custody since
May 2012 and his
status is not known
Date Source Surrendered Captured by who Identity confirmed? Not- look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of Nick-name Others issues
or captured? or surrendered to [discrepancy issue [discrepancy abduction/age birth issue
[discrepancy who? discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] abducted [[discrepan [discrepancy
discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] [discrepancy cy discussed?]
discussed?] discussed?] discussed?]
Jan 13 Fox News [pdf] Surrendered *American troops Identity not *Although Uganda wanted to
2015 Fox News [url] at Obo confirmed try him itself, the U.S. has
[lcached copy] [NO] [YES] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] concerns about how Ongwen
*Col. Steve Warren, would be treated there and
Pentagon *The LRA, led by whether high standards of
spokesman, said Joseph Kony, began detention and prosecution
Ongwen was in Uganda in the would be upheld, other
initially turned over 1980s as a tribal officials said, speaking on
to the U.S. by uprising condition of anonymity
people claiming to *Ongwen, Kony and because they weren't
be members of the three others who authorized to speak publicly
Muslim group have reportedly on the ongoing diplomacy.
Seleka. He referred since died were
questions about the charged by the ICC. *Ongwen, Kony and three
reward to the State The ICC warrant of others who have reportedly
Department. arrest for Ongwen since died were charged by
lists seven counts of the ICC. The ICC warrant of
[NO] alleged individual arrest for Ongwen lists seven
criminal counts of alleged individual
responsibility criminal responsibility
including crimes including crimes against
against humanity, humanity, enslavement,
enslavement, murder and inhumane acts of
murder and inflicting serious bodily injury.
inhumane acts of
inflicting serious
bodily injury.
Date Source Surrendered or Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name issue Others issues
discussed?]
Jan 13 2015 New York Surrendered Seleka Believed to be 34 *defector in northern * The Seleka
Times[pdf] Central African fighters, who
New York Republic who was overthrew the
Times[url] [NO] [NO] calling himself Ali. Ali government in
[cached copy] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] ended up being Mr. their own
Ongwen, Ugandan country in
officials said, and he 2013, now
was flown by want the $5
helicopter to a small million reward
American military
base in the Central
African Republic
jungle.
The Surrendered
Monitor[pdf]
The
Monitor[url] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO]
[cached copy]
Jan 15 2015 The Invisible Surrendered or 10 By the summer

Children[pdf] surrender? 1990 of 2011
The Invisible [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] Ongwen’s force
Children[url] had reportedly
[cached copy] [YES] dwindled to
half a dozen
fighters, and he
then joined
Kony and
Odhiambo in
CAR.
Date Source Surrendered or Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name issue Others issues
discussed?]
Jan 17 2015 Aljazeera[pdf] Surrendered to Surrendered *Kony is the

Aljazeera[url] US forces to US forces 34 only LRA
[cached copy] commander
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] still at large out
*picture more of five LRA
cordial than commanders
expected of a indicted by ICC
captured in 2005. Three
warlord have since died,
the Ugandan
army said.
Jan 19 2015 The Defected/surre Ongwen, appearing “I was captured at a *spirits telling
Monitor[pdf] ndered relaxed amid tender age, and Kony about my
The [NO] former foes-turned went there as defection /
Monitor[url] friends someone who was Commander
[cached copy] [NO] blind and deaf…,” Aligac /
[NO] [NO] [NO] he argued. [NO] [NO] *thumbprint
[NO]
Jan 20 2015 CBC News[pdf] Captured Ongwen, appearing *The court did
CBC News[url] relaxed amid not
[lcached copy] former foes-turned immediately
[NO] [NO] friends [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] confirm
[NO] Ongwen's
arrival at ICC…
Jan 20 2015 UN News[pdf] Surrender on *will receive a *He is part of a

UN News[url] Jan 6 medical visit case that is also
[cached copy] [NO] [NO] [NO] filed against
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] Joseph Kony,
Vincent Otti
and Okot
Odhiambo.
Date Source Surrendered Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name issue Others issues
or captured? who or [discrepancy issue [discrepancy abduction/age [discrepancy [discrepancy
discussed?]
Jan 21 2015 BBC News[pdf] *His trial will

BBC News[url] Captured be the first
[cahced copy] (“arrested in *Said to have been time that a
car early this [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] abducted by LRA, [NO] [NO] member of the
month”) aged 10 LRA, led by the
notorious
[NO] warlord Joseph
Kony, has faced
international
justice.
Jan 25 2015 The *Born in * Opinions are

Independent[pdf] Captured Seleka 34 10 Paibona, divided and this
The 1980 1990 Awach, in Gulu [NO] is going to be
Independent[url] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] District; one of the
[cached copy] [NO] [NO] *Said to be a biggest
father of 10 paradoxes in
• [NO] the history of
the ICC, Oola
says.
Jan 26 2015 BBC News[pdf] * Mr Ongwen - whose *The US has

BBC News[url] surname means "born described his
[cached copy] [NO] at the time of the arrest as a
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] white ant" - "historic blow"
to the LRA,
leaving only
two of the
commanders
on the ICC's
wanted list -
Joseph Kony
and Okot
Odhiambo - still
at large.
Date Source Surrendered Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of Nick-name Others issues
or captured? who or [discrepancy issue [discrepancy abduction/age birth issue
[discrepancy surrendered discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] abducted [[discrepan [discrepancy
discussed?] to who? discussed?] [discrepancy cy discussed?]
[discrepancy discussed?] discussed?]
discussed?]
Jan 26 2015 ABC News[pdf] Known as the *Ongwen is the first leader of
ABC News[url] A calm, 14 "White Ant", … the brutal Ugandan rebel army
[cached copy] composed 1988 led by the fugitive Joseph Kony
Ongwen [NO] [NO] *… rebellion to appear before the ICC.
identified that started in
*at ICC [NO] [NO] [NO] himself as born 1987 *But Victor Ochen, a former
in Gulu in refugee who spent two decades
northern *… Judge on the run from the LRA and
Uganda in 975 Ekaterina today runs a youth network in
[NO] Trendafilova northern Uganda, said the rebel
army's victims demanded
*.. next justice.
appearance for
August 24/2015 "Those without noses, lips or
faces wants Dominic Ongwen
*.., ICC's chief tried as a senior commander in
prosecutor the LRA, not as a former child
Fatou soldier," he told AFP.
Bensouda
Date Source Surre Captur Identity confirmed? Look-alike issue Age issue? Date of Place Nick-name issue Others issues
nder ed by [discrepancy discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] [discrepancy abduction/ag of [discrepancy
ed or who or discussed?] e abducted birth discussed?]
capt surren [discrepancy [[discr
ured dered discussed?] epancy
? to discuss
[disc who? ed?]
repa [discre
ncy pancy
discu discuss
ssed ed?]
?]
]
Jan 26 The Independent * *duty counsel

2015 UK[pdf] *Mr Ongwen is one of Hélène Cisse
five commanders told the court
The Independent [NO] indicted by the ICC in that Mr
UK[url] *He told the 2005, including Kony. Ongwen had
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] court he was The other three – been “forced to
[cached copy] 14 … Raska Lukwiya, Okot live in the bush
Odhiambo and Otti – for 20 years,
are either known or with no access
presumed to be dead. to education”.
Jan 26 New York *The 47-minute televised hearing at “Dressed in a dark suit, *Judge
2015 Times[pdf] the court’s headquarters in The Hague white shirt and blue and Ekaterina
New York was a procedural matter convened by gray plaid tie, his hair Trendafilova to
Times[url] Judge Ekaterina Trendafilova to verify closely cropped, Mr. verify Mr.
[cached copy] Mr. Ongwen’s identity and ensure he Ongwen did not resemble Ongwen’s
[NO] [NO] had been informed of the charges his guerrilla photographs, [NO] [NO] [NO] identity and
against him. She scheduled a series of which show a man with 1975 ensure he had
hearings to begin Aug. 24 to determine dreadlocks wearing a green been informed
if he should face trial. [QUESTION: military beret and of the charges
HOW?] camouflage fatigues.” against him
[NO] [NO]
“I am
See from
Monitor 27 Gulu in
northe
“Ongwen rn
Ugand
takes stand a, in
at ICC dock; Amuru
district
praises God , Kilak
county
– coo
rom”
Date Source Surre Captur Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name Others issues
nder ed by [discrepancy discussed?] issue [discrepancy abduction/ag [discrepancy issue
ed or who or [discrepancy discussed?] e abducted discussed?] [discrepanc
capt surren discussed?] [discrepancy y
ured dered discussed?] discussed?]
? to
[disc who?
repa [discre
ncy pancy
discu discuss
ssed ed?]
?]
Feb 02 The New *The ICC believes it has Indicted by ICC as a result of May 19,
2015 Vision[pdf] overwhelming evidence 2004 Lukodi attack. The attack on Lukodi
The New Vision required to prosecute him shares a pattern with earlier attacks on
[url] for the atrocities, according Abia IDP camp in Lira district in which
[cached copy] to documents seen by over 70 people were killed and another
[NO] Sunday Vision. on Barlonyo IDP camp in which 300
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] people died.
*During the attack, Ugandan authorities

reportedly intercepted radio broadcast
and short-wave radio messages of LRA
commanders, in which Ongwen
identifies himself as a mastermind.
*The ICC confirms that evidence of

Ongwen’s hand in the attack is ‘shown
by recordings of intercepted radio
communications, accounts from former
LRA members, witnesses and victims.’
[Questions: His voice; date; etc]
*Some of the victims were burnt in

their houses and the army said the
attack was led by Okot Odhiambo,
another LRA senior commander.
Ongwen is said to have led the
attack.Major Chiris Magezi said
Odhiambo and Ongwen were
operating in the area.
Date Source Surrendered Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick-name Others issues
or captured? who or [discrepancy issue [discrepancy abduction/age [discrepancy issue
[discrepancy surrendered discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?] abducted discussed?] [discrepancy
discussed?] to who? discussed?] [discrepancy discussed?]
discussed?]
Feb 03 Aljazeera[pdf] *Who is Patrick Vinck,

2015 Aljazeera[url] Harvard University
[cached copy] Surrendered Seleka talking very
authouritatively?
Ongwen was [NO]
[NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] [NO] reportedly *.. Ongwen … said in
abducted by the his native Acholi
Picture looks LRA at age 13 … language
more jovial –
shirt resembles *Of the five LRA
mine.. commanders sought by
the ICC, two have
reportedly died and
Ongwen has
surrendered - leaving
just two who remain at
large - including the
notorious Joseph Kony.
Date Source Surrendered Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick- Others issues
or captured? who or [discrepancy discussed?] issue [[discrepan abduction/age [discrepancy name
[discrepancy surrendered [discrepanc cy abducted discussed?] issue
discussed?] to who? y discussed?] [discrepancy [[discrep
[discrepancy discussed?] discussed?] ancy
discussed?] discusse
d?]
Feb 08 The Coo-rom, Lamogi *[1]the simplicity of his

2015 Independent[pdf] “His Sub-County in testimony contrasted
The current 1988 => Amuru District. sharply with the complexity
Independent[url] *This very article goes to birth date 13[stated 14] * of his case. Though Ongwen
[cached copy] deceptively make a false makes him -------------- probably spoke for less than
impression as if it were to be about Dob: 1975 “Most likely this will five minutes out of the 47
making an objective analysis 40 not 35” not change minutes that the entire
of what others left out: ------- anything because event lasted
“… and the until recently
How is the catch-line: date of his Ongwen’s *[2]crimes against humanity
abduction 1988 documents listed and four counts of war
*How about the clear is two years his date and place crimes = all crimes against
inconsistency in his bio data? earlier than of birth as humanity!
Does it have any legal many thought. ‘unknown.’ Lucy
implications? For starters, Until he spoke, Akello, the current *[3]”Ongwen’s plain
Ongwen’s birth date he gave the popular Woman MP for statements inside the pre-
in court is far apart from what version had Amuru District, trial Chamber II only served
the world all along knew. (See been that he who is also from to remind some observers
[3] of the last column- “other was abducted the same village as of the child that he was
issues). in 1990 at the Ongwen said many when he was abducted over
age of 10. factors have 20 years ago.”
” contributed to the
variation in [4]*” Interestingly, Joseph
information about Kony effectively became the
Ongwen.” leader of the LRA around
1988 when he gathered the
remnants of Alice Lakwena’s
defeated Holy Spirit
Movement.”
or captured? who or [discrepancy discussed?] issue [discrepanc abduction/age [discrepancy name
[discrepancy surrendered [discrepanc y abducted discussed?] issue
discussed?] to who? y discussed?] [discrepancy [discrepa
[discrepancy discussed?] discussed?] ncy
discussed?] ] discusse
d?]
Feb 08 The Coo-rom, Lamogi [2] Ochen, whose own

2015 Independent[pdf] “His Sub-County in brother was abducted by an
The current 1988 => Amuru District. Ongwen-led group in2003,
Independent[url] *This very article goes to birth date 13[stated 14] * said these questions
[cached copy] deceptively make a false makes him -------------- reminded him of the lasting
impression as if it were to be about Dob: 1975 “Most likely this will pain of families of abducted
making an objective analysis 40 not 35” not change people who remain missing
of what others left out: ------- anything because and of how strongly they
“… and the until recently want their relatives back.
How is the catch-line: date of his Ongwen’s
abduction 1988 documents listed
*How about the clear is two years his date and place
inconsistency in his bio data? earlier than of birth as
Does it have any legal many thought. ‘unknown.’ Lucy
implications? For starters, Until he spoke, Akello, the current
Ongwen’s birth date he gave the popular Woman MP for
in court is far apart from what version had Amuru District,
the world all along knew. (See been that he who is also from
[3] of the last column- “other was abducted the same village as
issues). in 1990 at the Ongwen said many
age of 10. factors have
variation in
information about
Ongwen.”
or captured? who or [discrepancy discussed?] issue [discrepanc abduction/age [discrepancy name
[discrepancy surrendered [discrepanc y abducted discussed?] issue
discussed?] to who? y discussed?] [discrepancy [discrepa
[discrepancy discussed?] discussed?] ncy
discussed?] discusse
d?]
Feb 08 The Coo-rom, Lamogi “The war has created an

2015 Independent[pdf] “His Sub-County in environment of ethnic-
The current 1988 => Amuru District. divide and finger-pointing
Independent[url] *This very article goes to birth date 13[stated 14] * across the Greater North,”
[cached copy] deceptively make a false makes him -------------- he said, “Given these
impression as if it were to be about Dob: 1975 “Most likely this will circumstances, the ongoing
making an objective analysis 40 not 35” not change campaign for Ongwen to
of what others left out: ------- anything because receive amnesty instead of
“… and the until recently facing justice can also be
How is the catch-line: date of his Ongwen’s seen, especially by his
abduction 1988 documents listed victims, as a strategy to
*How about the clear is two years his date and place nurture a culture of
inconsistency in his bio data? earlier than of birth as impunity.”
Does it have any legal many thought. ‘unknown.’ Lucy Ochen says it may be alright
implications? For starters, Until he spoke, Akello, the current for many people to raise
Ongwen’s birth date he gave the popular Woman MP for Ongwen’s status as a former
in court is far apart from what version had Amuru District, child soldier—and if it is
the world all along knew. (See been that he who is also from true—it should be taken
[3] of the last column- “other was abducted the same village as into account during his
issues). in 1990 at the Ongwen said many t5rial.
age of 10. factors have
variation in
information about
Ongwen.”
AND THE STORY OF ONGWEN FROM VARIOUS SOURCE…
2. TV AND AUDIO…
Date Source Surrende Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick- Others issues
red or who or [discrepancy discussed?] issue [discrepanc abduction/age [discrepancy name
captured surrendered [discrepanc y abducted discussed?] issue
? to who? y discussed?] [discrepancy [discrepa
[discrepa [discrepancy discussed?] discussed?] ncy
ncy discussed?] ] discusse
discusse d?]
d?]
Jan 07 Nation
2015 Television[youtube url]
Nation
Television[cached copy]
National Television
[Uganda]
Jan 15 Nation
Nation
National Television
[Uganda]
Jan 15 Nation
Nation
National Television
[Uganda]
Jan 27 Nation
Nation
National Television
[Uganda]
Date Source Surrende Captured by Identity confirmed? Look-alike Age issue? Date of Place of birth Nick- Others issues
red or who or [discrepancy discussed?] issue [discrepanc abduction/age [discrepancy name
captured surrendered ] [discrepanc y abducted discussed?] issue
? to who? y discussed?] [discrepancy [discrepa
[discrepa [discrepancy discussed?] ] discussed?] ncy
ncy discussed?] discusse
discusse d?]
d?]
Jan 07 Local music [rl]

2015
Nation
National Television
[Uganda]
Summary:
1. Sources of information: Discrepancies, fallacies and inadequacies are a characteristic of all the news sources.
2. Surrender or capture/arrest? Discrepancy discussed at length and/or resolved? None of the sources offers
any confirmatory evidence whether Dominic Ongwen was captured or that he surrendered.
3. Identity confirmed? Discrepancy discussed at length and/or resolved? None of the sources offers a
proof/evidence that Ongwen was confirmed using an appropriate evidence?
4. Issue of dissimilarity [in facial image appearances] raised? Discrepancy discussed at length and/or
resolved? With the exception of one of the sources, none of the other sources offers a proof/evidence that
there are mismatches in Ongwen’s pictures…?
Summary:
5. Inconsistencies in age issue raised or resolved? Discrepancies, fallacies and inadequacies are a
characteristic of all the news sources.
6. Place of birth issue. Discrepancy discussed at length and/or resolved? None of the sources discusses
whether Ongwen’s place of birth was Gulu or Amuru.
7. The origin of the names/nicknames such as “Ongwen”, “Ali”, “White Ant”. Discrepancy discussed at
length and/or resolved? None of the sources the sources tackles the issue.
8. Issue of dissimilarity [in facial image appearances] raised? With the exception of one of the sources,
none of the other sources offers a proof/evidence that there are mismatches in Ongwen’s pictures…?
So which of the media/news sources do we

trust?
1. Mainstream media? Discrepancies, fallacies and inadequacies are a characteristic of all the news
sources.
2. Alternative media? Discrepancy discussed at length and/or resolved? None of the sources discusses
whether Ongwen’s place of birth was Gulu or Amuru.
3. Esoteric sources?
ENIGMAS DUE TO CULTURE, LANGUAGE AND NOMENCLATURE
ENIGMAS DUE TO CULTURE, POLITICS, LANGUAGE AND
NOMENCLATURE
PROLOGUE 1
[Year: 1996. Location: Senior two Classroom at Lango College, Lira, Northern Uganda): A secondary school teacher
explains to his pupils the meaning of keywords from an English Language composition that he had earlier instructed the class to
read out loud in chorus:]
….
Teacher: The word ‘obscure’ from the passage that you just read is applied to describe something difficult to
understand, indistinct, unclear, cryptic, ….
[A pupil interjects before the teacher could complete… ]
Pupil: enigmatic!
Teacher: Excellent! That’s the word I was looking for…!
It turns out the pupil was none other than me, myself [Caesar Ogole] and the school teacher was Mr. Walter Ongom[RIP]. That was the year 1996,
senior two. Mr. Ongom was a ardent fan of the former US President Bill Clinton – and he would frequently express his admiration for Clinton’s
eloquence [in English language]. By our standards [of similarity measure], Mr. Ongom himself, in facial appearance, very much resembled Bill
Clinton- aside from his fondness for Clinton. [And he was typically critical of the popular music star Lucky Dube’s English… e.g in Lucky Dube’s
lyrics for one of his favorite songs, he says “… I was accused for” instead of “… accused of..”
The next year, the group of pupils nick-named him ‘onomatopoeia’- a nickname students used to refer to him from then on- in his absence of
course. Although I personally wasn’t in the habit of initiating nicknames, I vividly remember the origin of this particular one which some of my
former classmates coined – for I was part of the same class. The students chose the nickname onomatopoeia’ they [apparently] found the sound of
the multi-syllable word funny (in addition to the fact that it was notoriously difficult to memorize its spelling) – yet the teacher very enthusiastically
and with impressive ease and explained clearly [with funny examples as well e.g. how a rooster/cock crows] mastery what the word meant as he
delivered one of the class lectures on “metaphors, similies, analogies, onomatopoeia…”. Another alternative nick-name for the same teacher was
‘gaffow’ – also bearing about the same nature of origin! [All these words were found in the textbook, The Nile English Language Course.]
NOMENCLATURE
PROLOGUE 2
In a similar manner, at the same Lango College – another teacher, who happened to be my brother, was nick-named “agro-based”,
because, I was told students liked how he explained in his baritone voice “Agro-based industries in the Rhineland” – a common
topic in Ordinary Level Geography in Uganda, among others!
NOMENCLATURE
TRACING THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME “ONGWEN”
Background:
• The Lango, and I can say Luo, without loss of generality – like most cultures, tend to evolve in culture- of
which language is part.
• Naming of a person, an object, an event or just any entity, real or imaginary often follow from event of
interest- past, present or anticipated.
• There are intricate relationships in naming of persons, events or objects including so-called nick-names,
monikers or pseudo-names.
• In this sense, it is safe to think of naming/nomenclature, creation of new words, or lyrics of local songs as
having some kind of causal relationships with some events – although the relationships may not often be
straightforward.
• => All these are from my experience – having born and raised in Lango, Northern Uganda.
NOMENCLATURE
Background:
• It is not uncommon that new words are borrowed from other (foreign) cultures.
• The name Ongwen in fact, is a name of a person. For one, I met a person who was called Ongwen- who
happened to be my classmate at Lango College from 1995-1998. He was very jolly and friendly person- an
Acholi, by tribe.
• My discussion of the name Ongwen has no connection with the Ongwen - my former classmate, whom [I must
say], I, [throughout the time] held in high regards although I have not managed to re-establish contact with him
since we last saw each other(1998). He happened to be the only Ongwen I met in person.
• He is not the Ongwen in question because I vividly remember the Ongwen, my former classmate a different
person in physical characteristics: very tall person with quite different version of facial features!
NOMENCLATURE
Background:
• So, my goal of getting into the roots of the name “Ongwen” in this case arose from thought of the
possibility that yet another sort of puzzle would immediately arise/follow if I went on to insist that the
person said to be at ICC [that I am intelligently guessing to be some Omara] would not be an Acholi! So, if
he is a Lango, how could he possibly have gotten the name Ongwen? [… for there is no such yet “formally”
adopted name as Ongwen in Lango].
• There are several plausible theories that I could formulate to explain the anomaly/enigma.
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 1: The Ongwen said to be at ICC is in fact an Acholi by tribe and his
real name is Ongwen – for the name Ongwen is formally/typically only for Acholi. But
this theory is weakened somewhat (though not automatically knocked out) on the
account of:
 Unresolved discrepancies in his place of birth [Gulu or Amuru?]
 Discrepancies in his age. [Born in 1980’s or mid 70’s]
 Unconfirmed identity. All claims that his identity was confirmed bear little or no credence since, in this case,
his identity could not be confirmed using so-called “genetic fingerprints”. In fact, there is no such thing as
“genetic” finger-print. Rather, there is “bio-metric” finger-printing- which are used on the basis that the tips
of human fingers have some patterns (ridges and valleys) that are unique to a given person. No two persons
have the same patterns, which indirectly implies that finger-prints are not hereditary/genetic- that is, the
unique finger tip patterns are not be passed through genes!
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 1 (continued): The Ongwen said to be at ICC is in fact an Acholi by

tribe and his real name is Ongwen. But this theory is weakened somewhat (though not
automatically knocked out) on the account of:
 Even if the claim was that it was indeed bio-metric finger-prints (and not so-called “genetic fingerprinting”)
were used, doubts would still be raised since it is common knowledge that Uganda does not yet have a
comprehensive “database” of finger-prints of all its nationals, if any. Even if Uganda authority were to lay
claim that they now have the fingerprint database because of the recent National ID Project (which I do not
know much about) except that it started not more than 5 years ago, Ongwen would still be missing from
the finger-print database since he was [said to be] abducted in 1988 or 1990 - and since then he has been
a rebel in the bush who has never been captured nor [at any point in time during his bush activities] worked
in cooperation with the government to the extent of having his finger-prints captured electronically by the
Ugandan authority.
 The alternative theories (as we will see later) severely weaken the “Ongwen is Acholi and his name is
indeed Ongwen” theory. All other factors , even though not discussed here (e.g. that Ongwen speaks
Acholi language) are not sufficient to proving that Ongwen is an Acholi.
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 2: Ongwen is in fact a Lango man I might have known (due to
my memory)- but who is reported to have been abducted in in 2003.
Caption: Ex-LRA commander Dominic Ongwen

My (Caesar Ogole) Photo taken
makes his first appearance at the ICC
Clad in a suit, Dominic Ongwen made his first Photo taken on or around July 3, and shared publicly on or
(Flickr/ICC-CPI)
appearance at the ICC in The Hague, on January 2014 around July 3, 2014
Source: International Justice Tibute
26, 2015. Source: New Vision
• It started with a glance at the newspaper pictures, as usual …followed by growing curiosity on my side
because of the striking resemblance of the Ongwen’s attire (matches in colors of suit and ties) to mine.
Questions on my mind: A joke, or for real (and certain things mere coincidences)? Plus, the face looked
somewhat, though faintly, familiar…
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 2 (continued): Ongwen is in fact a Lango man I might have known
(due to my memory)- but who is reported to have been abducted in in 2003.
Caption: Ex-LRA commander Dominic Ongwen

makes his first appearance at the ICC
(Flickr/ICC-CPI)
Source: International Justice Tibute
• What followed was my attempt to discern, through visual inspection of the pictures – how such a coincidence
could have occurred or how it could have originated [in case it was joke]… . Facilitated by observer’s [that is,
my] memory, I created mental pictures of what is known as object recognition (which includes facial
recognition).
• I invoked memory of some other look-alikes in my mental memory [one at a time juxtaposing (see Section:
Introduction) the mental image with the pictures purported to be of Ongwen sampled above. The closest match
of the facial features (shapes, color and texture of eyes, nose, mouth, head) obtained through methods
equivalent to that have been formalized in Image Analysis (Computer Vision) e.g. morphological image
processing [see tweaked example1, example 2-] – led to me formulate yet another plausible theory that
Ongwen said to be at ICC might not actually not be the Acholi- but someone that I could have known ; someone
I had last met almost 20 years ago- (who happens not to be an Acholi) !
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 2 (continued): Ongwen is in fact a Lango man I might have
known (due to my memory)- but who is reported to have been abducted in in
2003.
Clad in a suit, Dominic Ongwen

made his first appearance at the ICC
in The Hague, on January 26, 2015
Source: New Vision
• Difficulties with theory 2 arise from the fact that I cannot produce a tangible version of the mental picture of
the Lango person that I am comparing to Ongwen. This makes it hard to gain consensus from, let alone convince
other people who could otherwise have easily promoted this theory 2 [via facilitating expedition of proposed
confirmatory tests].
• More so, the mental picture of the skeptical person (myself) dates as far back as almost 20 years ago (mid- to
late 90’s) when I last saw the Lango person whom I am comparing to the supposedly 2015 pictures of Mr.
Ongwen at ICC.
• Prejudicial and preconceived opinions by various people – prompting some people to raise doubts and emotive
reactions to theory 2 by asking questions such as: how come it is only you who can recognize him … yet you last
saw the Lango man in mid 1990’s or so- and his very “own blood” [that is, close relatives] were with him up to
the time he was abducted (2003) and do not recognize him? Why are you opening the old wounds…?
• Others issues not discussed here. Answers to some of the key questions will be provided in the next sections.
NOMENCLATURE

2003.

Source: New Vision
• Let’s, for now, live with the fact that I cannot produce a tangible picture of the person I am claiming to
resemble Ongwen. Although this weakens theory 2 somewhat, it does not knock it out.
• More so, let us, for now, accept that it is fair to compare a mental picture of late 90’s with a picture of 2015 –
while noting that the observer (myself) has acknowledged [i.e taken into account] that people change
somewhat in looks with the passage of time (that is, as they grow) and with changes in environmental
conditions. The observer factored in these issues in comparison of the images.
• Perhaps, a wiser idea would be take some older pictures of Ongwen (that is, those taken earlier in the year, say
while he was in the bush– not in 2015) - and use it to compare it with the old mental picture of the observer.
And Ongwen’s older pictures are available….! Simple answer: that would work…
NOMENCLATURE
2003.

Source: New Vision
• Comparing older pictures Ongwen with the mid 90’s mental pictures of the closest match I have [in mind]
would work but… several issues prove to be obstacles:
• First off, the few [a dozen or so] old pictures available through the media do not resemble [in facial appearance]
the picture of the match I have in mind. So, even though I have now collected the older pictures (we will see the
next few slides) purported to be that of Ongwen, supposedly taken at different times prior to his surrender, I
find the images/photos [using visual inspection] irrelevant for use recognition for they did not arouse my
interest [to make me think of him as a match to someone I knew] when I used to see them in flashes in the past
years in the newspapers/media prior to the said arrest/surrender which yielded the pictures of the man in suits.
• Secondly, the old pictures have very [negligibly] little resemblance to the picture of the man “clad in suits and
tie”, which raises suspicion that the old pictures and the new pictures are not of the same person.
NOMENCLATURE

2003.

Source: New Vision
• Thirdly, the dates when the pictures were captured are not given- so we cannot be sure when some of the
pictures were taken during the times Ongwen was said to be in the bush! What this implies is that the earlier
pictures are at best doing a disservice to an objective analysis! Examples below:
NOMENCLATURE
2003.
• Fourthly, there are observable differences [visible to the naked eye] in the images purported to have been
taken at the same time.
 In the two juxtaposing pictures– due to the very striking

resemblance (though placed against different backgrounds),– it
can be discerned that the pictures were taken at (about) the
same time. If it is not the case that it is in fact the same picture
3 4 that has been manipulated to look somewhat different (mostly by
way of orientation), a skeptical observer’s suspicion is still raised
by the fact that the same person, in two different pictures taken
CAPTION: Mr Ongwen is CAPTION: Maj Gen
said to have had a volatile Dominic Ongwen (L) at (about) the same time has a skin protrusion (outgrowth) on
relationship with LRA and LRA rebels in their
leader Joseph Kony . [Date camp DR Congo. [Date
the left side just below his lower lip (Image 3) – and (yet) in the
when picture wa staken when picture was second picture (Image 4), [the protrusions are] on the right side
not given] taken not given]
Source: BBC Source: Monitor
at about the same location/position on his face [as the first
image].
NOMENCLATURE
2003.
 Underlying rationale: We don’t expect such a sizable outgrowth

(be it goose bumps, or whatever) to disappear from one part
and [expect] another to develop on another closely related part
in quick succession of seconds or minutes or hours or even a
couple of days – during the short durations that I believ e two
3 4 pictures were taken.
CAPTION: Mr Ongwen is Maj Gen Dominic  There is no other explanation to this observation except that the
said to have had a volatile Ongwen (L) and LRA
relationship with LRA rebels in their camp same picture has been manipulated.
leader Joseph Kony . [Date DR Congo. [Date when
when picture wa staken picture was taken not
not given] given]
Source: BBC Source: Monitor
NOMENCLATURE
2003.
 It may appear easy to arrive at the conclusion when we have the

pictures placed side by side. However, there is difficulty in
getting to that point because the pictures are published in
4 different fora or media. For example, picture 3 was taken from
3 BBC news site. Picture 4 was taken from the Monitor.
CAPTION: Mr Ongwen is Maj Gen Dominic  All the other pictures are collected from different sources,
said to have had a volatile Ongwen (L) and LRA
relationship with LRA rebels in their camp
mostly news media. Very few people would have thought such
leader Joseph Kony . [Date DR Congo. [Date when subtle differences would exist. This raises suspicion on who is
when picture wa staken picture was taken not
not given] given] distributing such pictures and the motive [beliefs, desires and
Source: BBC Source: Monitor intentions] for doing so!
 Since the images are likely to have been manipulated, it is difficult

to offer any explanations as to why some images purported to be of
the same person have different colors, textures, and shapes
NOMENCLATURE

known- who was allegedly abducted in in 2003.
1 2 3 4 6
5
CAPTION: Dominic Ongwen
CAPTION: Dominic Ongwen CAPTION: Mr Ongwen is said to Maj Gen Dominic Ongwen (L) Maj Gen Dominic Ongwen is
(center) meets leaders from
faces trial at the ICC for crimes have had a volatile relationship and LRA rebels in their camp DR currently being held by the Ongwen, formerly Joseph Kony's deputy -- why
Northern Uganda in 2008
against humanity and war with LRA leader Joseph Kony . Congo. [Date when picture UPDF. FILE PHOTO. . [Date is Museveni rushing to defend him? -. [Date
for peace talks in Ri-
crimes. [Date when picture was`taken was`taken not given] when picture was`taken not when picture was`taken not given]
Kwangba. File Photo.
Source: New Vision not given] FILE PHOTO Source: Monitor given] FILE PHOTO Source: Black Star News
Source: New Vision
Source: BBC FILE PHOTO Source: Monitor
7 8 9
CAPTION: Dominic
10 11 12
Ongwen (center) meets CAPTION: Captured Lords CAPTION: A handout picture taken and
Resistance Army rebel
leaders from Northern released on January 17, 2015 at an CAPTION: Captured Lord's
Uganda in 2008 for chief Dominic Ongwen CAPTION: Ex-LRA commander
was sent to trial at the undisclosed location in the Central Resistance Army rebel chief
peace talks in Ri- Dominic Ongwen makes his
Kwangba. File Photo. International Criminal African Republic by the Uganda Dominic Ongwen (centre)
Court for crimes against CAPTION: Source: Monitor first appearance at the ICC
Source: New Vision People's Defence Force shows standing next to Colonel newspaper. How can a notorious
humanity. AFP Photo (Flickr/ICC-CPI). PHOTO |
Source: New Vision captured Lord's Resistance Army Michael Kabango (right), the warlord be that carefree with an
commander of the Ugandan enemy. Take note of the NOKIA – AFP Source: International Justice
rebel chief Dominic Ongwen (second coincidence with my NOKIA Tibute
right), flanked by a representative of Contingent of the African phone software tutorial? Monitor
the Central African Republic Glaisian Union Regional Task Force in
Kalengo (third right). Ongwen faced CAR, and Lieutenant-Colonel
judges at the International Criminal Rugumayo. PHOTO |
Court in The Hague on Monday. AFP Source: Daily Nation
PHOTO | AFP. . File Photo. Source: Daily
Nation
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 2 (continued): Ongwen is in fact a Lango man I might have known
(due to my memory)- but who is reported to have been abducted in in 2003.
• Fifthly, as we saw in the previous slide, even the pictures supposedly taken across time do not resemble much,
if at all.
• More so, simple scene analyses (for example, image 7, image 9, image 10, image 11) clearly contrasts with
usual expectations and common sense for a person who is being said to be a notorious warlord under arrest.
One would expect him to be not only handcuffed but heavily and closely guarded by armed security personnel.
Instead, what we see if the suspect walking freely (image 9 and 10) and/or holding a notebook in images 9 and
10 as if he were convening for a friendly meeting.
• Conclusions:
1. We are led to discard all the pictures/images purported to be that of Ongwen during his times prior
to capture – but with suspicions/skepticisms further raised about any potential sources of information.
2. We focus our analysis/comparison on the two pictures: image taken at ICC and that served by
memory of
the observer!
NOMENCLATURE
• Plausible Theory 2: Ongwen is in fact a Lango man I might have known (due to
my memory)- but who is reported to have been abducted in in 2003.
• Couldn’t these analyses be aided using a computer (facial) image recognition system?
• Answer: In this case, [human] visual inspection is more effective because we are mostly concerned with the
problem of matching the image [face] of one person to a few known persons. So, it is somewhat cumbersome
but it is doable in a matter of hours after the said images have been collected.
• Besides, a facial software recognition system requires that there should be [pre-]exist sufficient sample images
in the database (used as training samples) before a trained recognizer is used to classify/recognize new unseen
instances by matching it with the pre-existing representative image[s]. In our case here, we have only a few
samples and they have a serious limitations not only in the sample size, but - most of them are available is very
different orientations that even so-called preprocessing would not iron out the differences needed to provide
reliable training sets!
• The reality on the ground is that Uganda does not yet have a comprehensive biometric database! So, an
automated recognition system approach would not be possible.
NOMENCLATURE
Plausible Theory 3 (Built from theory 2): Since the LRA is said to be
predominantly Acholi, then he [the Lango said to been abducted…] could have
been given a new name and indoctrinated while in captivity to firmly believe
that his is indeed the Acholi Ongwen. This theory, too, is plausible.
• This is strengthened by the fact that Ongwen’s Acholi origin is weakened by the inconsistencies in the
stories and the discrepancies and distortions of objects such as images.
NOMENCLATURE
Plausible Theory 4 (Built from theory 3): A joke directed at me…?
• Videos of “Judge Ekaterina” and “Counsel Cisse”, etc..

NOMENCLATURE
Now this [logically] brings us to the Grand Puzzle: Be that it is a joke or not, what else
could now explain the name “Ongwen” especially since I am insisting the man said to to
Ongwen is a Lango man– specifically having the original name “Omara” and that he
originally hailed from Abia? This is now the new puzzle. The origin of the name becomes a
puzzle in itself because Lango people are generally known not to have adopted not
ordinarily popularized name of “Ongwen” and yet this person [in my eyes] has a very
striking physical resemblance to the [younger] Lango Omara that I knew … but alledged to
have been abducted years ago.
Let’s start with the important question: How come only you, who, in any case, last saw the Omara [before he went
missing] way back mid or late 90’s – now almost 15 years later recognize him? [Yet others, including his own brothers
who were with until he was abducted in 2003 and, who saw the Ongwen in person at ICC could not recognize him]?
Response: I am in a better position to combine all the information described so far, among others – most of which no
one else could decipher – mostly owing to my experience and training background – despite some of the unspeakable
hurdles and difficulties that I encountered along the way! [I would prefer to use the common term rather “multi-layer
information” to describe the often interconnected but sometimes disparate information, heterogeneous in nature. We
had seen earlier through “training” – and validations through mind-boggling predictions that turned out true with high
accuracy how it is inherently difficult to handle (e.g. visualize) such overlapping information, moreover of
heterogeneous nature, including, but not limited to images (consisting of distortions), texts/audio consisting of
fallacies, videos with false appearances, etc – all distributed at various sites- making analyses notoriously difficult- for
anyone who dare tried it. The method applied here is analogous to adaptive metrics in machine learning. It is to be
noted that adaptation of prototypes is different from adapting metrics. The latter refers to intelligently selecting an
appropriate similarity measure on the fly depending on nature of nature that is determine automatically as well].
NOMENCLATURE
Plausible Theory 4 (Built from theory 3) [continued]: The Grand Puzzle encountered in Theory 3
leads me to formulate Theory 4: Ongwen is the Lango man in my mind [Omara] whose name
“Ongwen” was derived from “ngwen” (not really the original Acholi Ongwen name). “ngwen”
is a Lango language word for “white ant” – (what used to be) a common delicacy at the place
where the Ongwen in question is thought to hail from- that is Abia!
Most stories in the media related to Ongwen that attempt to relate to

the “White Ant” translation run as follows (examples):
1. “Known as the White Ant, Mr Ongwen - whose surname means "born

at the time of the white ant" - ”
White ant in English, “ngwen” is local

• [highlighted pdf] The Monitor[url] [cached copy] [Jan 08 2015],
dialect/language Uganda National Daily
• [highlighted pdf] BBC News[url] [cached copy] [Jan 26 2015], BBC

International News
2. “ Known as the "White Ant", Ongwen was one of the most senior
commanders of the LRA… “
• [highlighted pdf] ABC News[url] [cached copy]

NOMENCLATURE
Extra - seemingly insignificant, but important esoteric knowledge:
 The observer (presenter), in this case, is compelled to move forward

with the inquiry because he strongly feels he can derive additional
information particularly from his past experiences: he was born and
raised in Abia, and although Lango culture is generally taken as a unity
(that is, uniform across the subregion), there are particular subtleties
dialect/language that are specific to Abia, and only keen people privy to the causes or
events can know it. (Of course, other villages also have their
stories).
 Even though such stories may spread across the region, or even across
international borders, they take different forms – making it difficult to
trace it’s origin – in the very unlikely events that such a quest should
be made.
 One such story is the story of “ngwen” [a Lango language dialect for
“white-ant”].
NOMENCLATURE
The issue with the attempt to relate the name “Ongwen” to ”White Ant”
by way of him being "born at the time of the white ant“ – even to a
skeptical viewer with some understanding of all [knowledge] described in
the previous theories – especially the resemblance issue – combined with
all else discussed thus far is that:

It pre-emptively reinforces the commonly held [mental] bias (due to
dialect/language Theory 1) that Ongwen must be an Acholi. What this means is that the
likelihood of the skeptical observer to maintain a skeptical attitude,
despite him/her having spotted a somewhat striking resemblance of the
person in question (Ongwen) TO someone not of Acholi origin (in this
Omara, from Lango)] is dwindled, and without further information (or
some form of extra motivational energy), the skeptic (or investigator)- is
likely, at this point, to abandon the search for truth- along this particular
direction.
This issue [puzzlement] must be resolved… and that’s what we are

embarking on… over the next 8 slides!
NOMENCLATURE
• Music break… song title: “Acellam olaro bye”
• With subtitles
this is it
• Wie malo tye ni adwong acilam ame olaro bye..
• Abwoc yie kec yin loya piny…otino Abia…
• Ka Obanga omiyi loyo lobo ole yin …
• Lilililili konya wunu nen adwong acilam tye alaro bye na…
• Lelelelele konya wunu nen adwong acilam tye alaro bye na, tin amito angute…
• Pien cik aman tye ni ka bye opoto ni pe ngatoro okene bino woto iye atwali…
• Ka ngo omiyo dok adwong ocilam oya te wot ipoto na ata… it’s very bad.. Onwongo myero nen agwe…
NOMENCLATURE
• Some related background story…
Medium-sized ant hill (Source: Internet/web) A giant African ant hill (Source: wikipedia )
An illustration of gathering white ants. Note: “MUCH of the

material in this volume first appeared in the Chicago Tribune in
1906” [Internet source] [cached copy]
NOMENCLATURE
TRACING THE ORIGIN OF THE NAME “ONGWEN”: THEORY 4
Corollary 4.1 (Built from theory 3) [continued]: The Grand Puzzle encountered in Theory 3 leads
me to formulate Theory 4: Ongwen is the Lango man in my mind [Omara] whose name
1. Extra, - seemingly insignificant, but important esoteric knowledge:
 That song, which originates from the specific event involving two men
“Aton” and “Acellam” [not real names] fighting over anthill as they
gathered white ant– became an instant hit across the region. It is
mostly the locals at the time that know in persons the two people who
fought over “ngwen” (and I am one of those who know them,
dialect/language although I did not witness the fight myself):
 But here are some key highlights:

=> The man, Aton was, from the sources, a teacher at a local
primary school [RIP] (in his 30’s or 40’s at the time), and his real,
official [authentic] sur Lango name was Munu – quite a common
name as I know a number of other people bearing the same name,
some of whom were my classmates at primary school. “Munu” is a
Lango word for “white man”. [Most people know of “muzungu”, but
that’s a foreign language/dialect too – to Lango – for it happens to
originate from another region within Uganda- outside Lango region]
NOMENCLATURE
 Yes, I know many Lango people who are officially given the Lango name “Munu” [some of whom were my
classmates at primary school].
 A Lango man is given a Lango name “Munu” usually when, say,:
 he was born light-skin (by local standards). [Light-skin is like white].
 he, somehow, resembles a white man (who, generally are taken to have long noses] or any such
features, including lip size, etc.
 or even, perhaps, [change of name, or dramatization of another person (through songs, etc, may
occur at a later date in life when] the Lango man is noted to like English language]; whether the
man is known to speak/write well not may not be an issue- as long as he has demonstrated his
proclivity to use English words in his conversations , here and there].
NOMENCLATURE
A Lango man is given a Lango name “Munu” usually when, say,:
 or [even if he doesn’t publicly show off,] he is known to naturally adhere to strict rules such as
time keeping, tidiness (such as dressing smart and especially tucking in shirts), combatting
environmental degradation practices (by, say, confronting people who cut down trees for charcoal),
great mastery and great command of English language by local standards even if he doesn’t use it
indiscriminately, moral standards, cooperate with blacks and whites alike (on principles), etc. In this
particular case, this person, even though the locals may not go as far as naming him “Munu”, he is
often treated different: revered, but– a section of the locals (and sometimes beyond the locality)
will not like him – for what he has (that they don’t have)- never mind the good works he does for the
community in promoting civilization! My father fell in this category! Generally, it is often teachers
who would fall in this category.
 the usual inheritance of names from a relative- though rare for such names as Munu….
“He is [like] a white man.” [The unsound assumption here (due to lack of exposure) is that all white men
exhibit most of these characteristics such as speaking (good) English, being punctual, and the like].
NOMENCLATURE
Why are we interested in “Munu” as being the real name of “Aton” ? What’s its relevance?
 Could the name “Ongwen” [as stated in corollary 4] be related to the direct translation of the name of
one of the men who fought over anthill [which produces white ant?
 Answer: Yes, there is an intricate relationship to the names. First off, the real name of one of the men,
“Munu”, means “white man” in English. Secondly, the name “White Ant”, reported in some sections of
both local and international media to be Ongwen’s other name[with a typical phrasing- “Known as the
White Ant, Ongwen… ” ] but, also in the hit song of interest– as noted in part of the lyric that goes
“Muno dumo iye ni white ant” [meaning, “the white man calls it the white ant”], …
NOMENCLATURE
The whole intricate relationships leaves a curious reader (including myself) agog, for:
Sub corollary 4.4.1: It is tempting to draw a conclusion that the relationship between the name “Ongwen”
and the so-called “White Ant” is actually about this particular man named “Munu” [translated in English
language as the “White Man”] – the real person- the one who fought over the white ant, and(&&)
[conjunctively, a proposition] that the commonly used phrase “Known as the White Ant …” is, in fact, this
man “Munu” who calls [or called] “Ongwen” the “white ant” [with, perhaps, some coded semantics
associated with often the capitalized, “W” and “A”].
NOMENCLATURE
 But that proposition [describing the possible relationship] is dismissed on the account that I see no
connection between the name “Ongwen” and the man “Muno” calling it the “White Ant”. It would be more
plausible for the man “Muno” to refer to “ngwen” by its English language equivalent “white ant” just as most
everyone does-, but in his case, it would be even more believable since there is a very close relationship to
the narrative of the episode of him fighting over the anthill [which produces white ant]- an indication that,
he [Muno] could have a liking (though we use the term extra-ordinary liking- ) for “ngwen”- the local delicacy
[not “Ongwen” – the person] .
NOMENCLATURE
 We can’t use the term “extra-ordinary”– for the folk song says that the anthill was in Munu’s garden (and
that the bylaw had been amended that an anthill in a given garden belongs to the garden’s owner – implying
that Acilam was tresspassing). Him referring to “ngwen” as the “White Ant”[with or without strict adherence
to capitalizations] is a possibility, but, alone, is not sufficient for us to say he could have a special liking for
“ngwen” as most people use[d] that alternative English word, anyway – including the locals who could speak
only passable English! But if the “Known as the White Ant…” phrase as commonly used by reputable media
such as the BBC were in relation to “Muno”/”ngwen” [and not “Muno”/”Ongwen”], one would expect the
BBC to drop the capitalizations [in the “White Ant”], that is, use lower case characters throughout, for such
capitalizations would be reserved only for names of persons (and not insects). But the BBC, and the like,
persist on the capitalizing the W and A.
NOMENCLATURE
 Conclusion: The version of the corollary that “Munu” –the person, who may have referred to “ngwen” (or
perhaps even to “Ongwen”- though there is nothing suggest he did so) as the “white ant” or the “White
Ant”, does not present a significantly relattionship to the “Ongwen”/”White Ant” story – even though
“Muno” under scrutiny may have hailed from the same region span by the same relatively small radius under
consideration!
 Sub corollary 4.3.2: [We are left to then] draw a conclusion that the relationship between the name
“Ongwen” and the so-called “White Ant”, and the “look-alike person” under scrutiny is much [significantly]
stronger.
NOMENCLATURE
 So, even though, at this stage, there is very little or no interest in Munu – the teacher -in relation to the name
“Ongwen”, what could possibly explain his name “Aton” in the hit song – the song which caused me to include
Munu as a candidate … (for his name means “white man” and he has some connection to the “White Ant”–..)?
 The name “Aton” probably comes from the fact that Aton/Munu was a drunkard teacher, or at least, he was drunk
at the time he went to the garden to gather white-ants [- the event from which the fighting ensued!] Aton probably
comes from the coined Lango language word “Aton” which is used to mean “little droplets of liquid”, which is/was
a very common word among people who produced and/or consumed locally brewed alcohol (called “arege”).
 Whenever the alcohol buyers went to buy the local alcoholic drink from the sellers, the buyers would first, as a
norm, ask the buyers to give them a little sample in a glass or plastic cup- “just a little droplets of the liquid
alcohol” – so they could first “taste”/”test” to “see” if it was palatable- before they would make a commitment to
buy it. This was a custom before a serious buyer would make an order for a larger volume of alcohol for
consumption. Funny though, there were people who, perhaps, only a few times [though sometimes greatly
exaggerated] would make it a habit of going from one alcohol joint (selling point) to another, just asking for “aton”
– and for lack of money, would not subsequently buy it- but could get drank on accumulating “atons” from
different joints in given [mobile drinking] spree. Of course, there are real names Aton (short from Antonio or
Anthony) but I see no connection with of the real names with Munu.
NOMENCLATURE
 How about the other fighter – Acilam?
=> The man, Acellam (sometimes spelt Acilam) was, from the local
sources, a pastor at a local Pentecostal church [RIP] (in his 30’s or
40’s at the time – I guess), and his real, official [authentic] sur
dialect/language Lango name was different from Acellam(and although I have a real
name in memory, I am not sure as the name in my mind could
[have] been his father’s). But the name in my mind, too, is quite a
common name as I know a number of other people bearing the
same name, some of whom were my classmates at primary and
secondary schools. I do not know if there is any meaning associated
with this real-name in my mind [which is why I see no need to
pursue the exact real name, but I do think it is quite immaterial].
=> However, the nick-name “Acellam” or “Acilam” is in fact the local

Lango word for “moslem”- someone who subscribes to the Islamic
faith.
NOMENCLATURE
 How about the other fighter – Acilam/Acellam?
But I am now also drawn to the name especially with the spelling “Acellam” – epsecially since I have seen a list of
names purported to be LRA commanders [dead or alive] with names such as “Caesar Acellam”, “Acellam Smart” –
which very closely resemble my name… not just by the “Caesar” part, but by some implied meaning of “Acellam”
which could be broken into “Acel” meaning “number one” – and mostly because I used to be in the first position in
class throughout my primary school education- and though not quite apparent, “lam” is very closely related to
“alam”- which is Lango language word for “pen” or “pencil”. And similarly, for “Caesar Smart”, “Acel-Calo-Apar
(one commander equals to ten people) killed in 2002 in Pader”, “Brig. Odonga-Acellam”] [References: [The New Vision
[url] [cached copy] ].
NOMENCLATURE
 How about the other fighter – Acilam/Acellam?
If indeed they are true stories, you wonder who gets all these details to publish them in the newspapers!
A. This is not a trivial finding (relationship). In computational linguistics, for example, such structures have been
studied and have been found to be useful for analyzing syntactic and semantic relationships between words
(or such sentence structures) and have subsequently been formalized to such methods as Edit [Levenshtein]
distances used for measuring how close in meaning or spelling any given two words are, for example.
Combined with all else we have discussed here, it keeps narrowing down to me – in someway– whatever the
motive of the design. [I had talked about this, in a way, before].
A. If such naming is not for anything else, it serves to cause me distress--- which is not a small affair to me!
Placed on searchable web, not to mention potential watch list, in addition to issues related to look-alikes of
images discussed before … is one of the reasons I decided to take this issue for scrutiny.
NOMENCLATURE
 [Forget about the real name but]- How would a Pentecostal pastor get to be nick-named “acilam” yet “acilam”
means moslem. Pentecostals follow Christian ideology. Moslems follow Islamic teachings?
Let me be clear: I do not know exactly how these local musicians chose the names, nor whether some other people
encouraged them to compose the songs with the lyrics in question, let alone the motive.
 However, I do know [from experience growing up in the typical Lango village] that - at that time– “Islam”
sounded just as foreign as a “muzungu” or “munu” – the white man – to the locals. [Islam was not practiced in
the village. There were no moslems/mosques in the village). In effect, there was some sort of excitement
associated with relating with such foreign things [including locals coining new words from foreign languages,
especially the English language] even though they mostly would not be knowing much about its meaning, origins
or its present or future implications. How others would react to such songs – I fathom – the singers did/do not
really stretch very far – in their imaginations.
NOMENCLATURE
 [Forget about the real name but]- How would a Pentecostal pastor get to be nick-named “acilam” yet “acilam”
means moslem. Pentecostals follow Christian ideology. Moslems follow Islamic teachings?
Let me be clear: I do not know exactly how these local musicians chose the names, nor whether some other people
encouraged them to compose the songs with the lyrics in question, let alone the motive.
 But the song writers probably associated the name “acilam/acellam” with prayers – and so a pastor – being a
prayerful person – could as well be nicknamed “acilam” in their hit song.
NOMENCLATURE
 How does that relate or translate to “Ongwen”?

There is a language relationship I remember from my childhood. Here is how it goes: people
who belong to some group or that are known to have a liking for something – may have their
name derived from such a thing – often (but not always) with the first letter of the chosen
White ant in English,
Lango name being ‘O’ (for males) or ‘A’ (for females). Here are some examples of how our
“ngwen” is local childhood people would phrase it:
dialect/language[Lango
]
o Opige, as a Lango name may be given to someone who likes “pige”. “Pige” is lango word for
soup.
o Akao may be given to a baby girl who bites her mother’s tits while breastfeeding. “kao” or
“kayo” means “biting”.
o Acen/Ocen is often given to the second-born [male/female] of a twin. “cen” mean “[coming
after]”. Apio/Opio is the corresponding name of twins that emerge first… “pio” or “piyo”
means “paving [way] for..” or “drilling”.
NOMENCLATURE
Following 4, unscrambling “Ongwen” presents a difficulty somewhat… The reason being that
White ant in English,

o As we noted in Theory 1, Ongwen is not a Lango name.
“ngwen” is local
dialect/language[Lango o What can explain the name Ongwen being used in this special case is that, by extension of
]
(4), whoever chose to give him the name Ongwen – for better or worse – must have had
clues to the Abia white ant story; from which the episodes [including the hit song]
happened way [i.e. years] before the Omara in mind was abducted. [Abia – because it is
the place where I suspect “Ongwen”/Omara comes from]
o So the name would have followed the naming rule: a person who likes “ngwen” is named
“Ongwen”.
NOMENCLATURE

o So, what about the issue that was raised earlier, that Ongwen is also “Known as the White Ant…” : The first
question, ideally, should be… who is that that refers to him as the White Ant...? Paying attention to that order of
questioning is important, for such claims with named specific origins could be [and are likely to be] superfluous
fabrications – to make the story look somewhat natural…?
o To the initiated locals, “White Ant” is simply an English translation for “ngwen”/white ant and it would then
follow from (5) that “White Ant” is just a loose translation of the name “Ongwen”. It is not uncommon to find
locals also referring to people whose names are “Munu” by its alternative – which is derived from its direct
English translation - “the white man” [for males].
o Similarly, “Lamunu” is a “white woman” although, formally[officially] - - like the name “Ongwen”, “Lamunu” is
only formally and historically reserved and used by Acholi. I am not sure if “Munu” is ever used by the Acholi, as I
have not encountered any. The origin of rare occurrences of the name “Lamunu” in Lango, if any , [– yes, I came
across perhaps one, but … ], could be likened to the origin of the name “Ongwen”.
NOMENCLATURE
 How does that relate or translate to “Ongwen”? Recognizing Linguistic and dialectological patterns after
training…
o The claim that he is known as the “White Ant” because he was “born during the time of white ants” is knocked
out at this stage [as a mere fabrication] for, there are so many people in Lango who are/were born during the
times of white ant – but you will not find “Ongwen” as an official name of a Lango man. Yes, exceptions are
possible [that Ongwen could have been the first or among the few Lango to be named Ongwen], but considering
all else we have argued here, the exception rule does not apply here!
NOMENCLATURE
 How does that relate or translate to “Ongwen”? Recognizing similar linguistic and dialectological patterns after
training…
What we just saw is a typical example of linguistic and dialectological recognitions – from where useful
meanings and relationships are derived having one has encountered sufficiently many. The ability to generalize
or recognize new relationships, for example, recognize that “laongo?” is very closely related to “is he [not]
impotent?” – yet the literally meaning of the two-word “lao ngo?” is “what does he discharge [ when he
pees]”? – most probably derived or extended from prior training cycles, as outlined in the following sequence
of training patterns – presented in the given order:
1. training example 1 [May 12, 2013] -

2. training example 2 [Jun 05 2014]
3. training example 3 [Jul 15, 2014]
5. training example 5 [Sep 11, 2015]
NOMENCLATURE
 How does that relate or translate to “Ongwen”? Recognizing similar linguistic and dialectological patterns after
training…
o There were many similar patterns encountered during training that match the ones seen in this project.
o For example, the reactions by authorities is very similar in patterns – to the ones we encountered during LAONA.
That is, the patterns are such that a person’s reaction comes after another [at some points in time] – and in most
[but not all cases], the person expressing his opinion has very little or no prior knowledge of what should ideally
be common knowledge at that point.
o [In some cases, such key critically important piece of knowledge that should have been prior knowledge is not
known to anyone even to the initiators or designer of the system.]
o Knowing that these patterns are rampant is one of the reasons I decided to inspect the time-stamped
contributions [opinions, images, etc] related to this quest.
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition…A possible explanation for the sometimes strikingly similar but
sometimes strikingly dissimilar images purported to be of the same person…
 We noted that it could be the same or even different images that have been manipuated. For we could not find
a better explanation for the differences…
 The next question, we noted, was of the nature of the intent – or more generally: [beliefs, desires and
intentions] of whomever did that.
 Here is one pattern that we encountered during training that could offer a clue! It is related to what I called ghost
membership. [May 30, 2015 ]
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition…A possible explanation for the sometimes strikingly similar but
sometimes strikingly dissimilar images purported to be of the same person…
 Illustration of ghost membership pattern- appearing in different guises:
Start with somebody 1, real owotc@yahoo.com

or imaginary Date of capture..??
Nov 10, 2012
After about 870 days
After ??
Overtime, replace
Overtime, replace owotc@yahoo.com
somebody 1 with with
somebody 2 [who exhibits charles.owot2@gmail.com Date of capture..??
subtle differences in [with subtle differences in
behavior/appearance, behavior/appearance/location, etc]
location, etc] Date: [Mar 29, 2015]
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… a somewhat elaborate time-series patterns of [time-stamped] images
 Illustration of ghost membership pattern:
After some time t After some time t+1 After some time t+3
After some time t+2
4 5
1 2 3
Note: in this case, ours is mere illustration, for the dates some of the pictures were taken
were not provided. Also the difference (t+1) – 1 is not necessarily unity.
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… a somewhat elaborate time-series patterns of [time-stamped] images
 Illustration of ghost membership pattern:--- linear v. non-linear pattern
After some time t After some time t+1 After some time t+2 After some time t+3
1 2 3 4 5
In praxis Peak Peak Peak
performance performance
performance
Rise or fall
in rank
fall
riae
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… similarities in time-series patterns of [time-stamped] images
Generator functions in our learning

context: After
e.g.some time t After some time t+1 After some time t+2 After some time t+3
1. Selector and control functions

• example 1
• 1
example 2 2 3 4 5
Peak Peak
Peak
performance performance
2. Blackmails as part of
performance the control functions
Rise or fall
• General deception
in rank
3. Clustered (subgroup) conspiracies as part of
the control functions : 3 4 5
2
• example 1,
1
• example 2,
Time 
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… so if you are not part of the initial control design, how do you get close
to being among the last men standing? Response: Learn and adapt along the way….
1 2 3 4 5
Peak Peak Through learning &
Peak
performance performance performance applying the knowledge
Rise or fall
in rank
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… so if you are not part of the initial control design, how do you get close
to being among the last men standing? Response: Learn and adapt along the way….
1 2 3 4 5
Peak
Rise or fall
in rank
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
Peak
Rise or fall
in rank
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
NOMENCLATURE
12. Extra, - seemingly insignificant, but important esoteric knowledge: The members may, individually, be referred
to as “Ongwen”
 More about training and recognition… The patterns themselves could as well qualify as a plausible explanation
of the origin of the name “Ongwen” !
Consider the following pattern as the path to creation of an organization…

Peak
Rise or fall
in rank
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
Stage 1: Interim Committee Stage 2: Interim Task Force Committee Stage 3: Board of Directors (comprising mostly new members)
(comprising mostly new members)
NOMENCLATURE
 More about training and recognition… The patterns themselves could as well qualify as a plausible
explanation of the origin of the name “Ongwen” !
Reason: there is a rather common saying (which is now part of Lango culture that “jo
okene kuru ngwen olile oko te kelo woo iye matek!” which means that “there are some
[categories of] people who evade participating in the often tiring but necessary, if not
required stage of (pre)-processing [white ants], and come in only after to consume the
processed white ants! “ Processed white ants are called “ngwen olile”.
Examples of usage in real world picked from our training sessions is here.
NOMENCLATURE
People who appear only at
12. Extra, - seemingly insignificant, but important esoteric knowledge: this stage are usually nick-
named “Ongwen”.
 More about training and recognition… The patterns themselves could as well qualify as a plausible
explanation of the origin of the name “Ongwen” ! Actual origin of the saying ... Food (white ant) processing
Images from internet Unprocessed white ant [with

Ant hill
sources 1 Gathering white ants at anthill wings]
4 3 2
Processed white ants (“ngwen olile”) Mostly women (further) processing white ants using winnower Mostly women processing white ants using winnower
NOMENCLATURE
People who appear only at
this stage are usually nick-
named “Ongwen”.
David Pulkol Victor Ochen Ugandan Quartet
Consider the following pattern as the path to creation of an organization…

Peak
Rise or fall
in rank
2 3 4 5
1
Time 
Stage 1: Interim Committee Stage 2: Interim Task Force Committee Stage 3: Board of Directors (comprising mostly new members)
(comprising mostly new members)
NOMENCLATURE
Sample faces of people who, on clear understanding of the cultural context,

would be regarded as “Ongwens”. And the context is important here!
UN Chief Ban ki ICC prosecutor Defense counsel-

Judge Ekaterina ICC Duty counsel Chrispus Ayena
Moon Bensouda
Trendafilova Hellen Cisse Odong
Reason: They wait for the “bad guys” below to produce him in “clean” state! Ongwen olile oko…!
Caption: African troops, backed by US forces, have set up a special unit to hunt Joseph Kony and the LRA. Sources: BBC(7 January 2015)
NOMENCLATURE
And there are millions of “Ongwens” out there!
And that’s besides the grave issue of whether or not the right questions are being
asked!
NOMENCLATURE
So this further complicates the situation! Who is the right Ongwen?

Feature-based classification:
 While this important cultural context controversially increases the number of
candidates that would be considered Ongwen, we can, nonetheless, reduce the search-
space by specifying the features , characteristics and/or personalities that we [who are
privy to the situation] would expect the right Ongwen to have. Top on the list, we
expect a notorious warlord called Ongwen to:
1. have a name or nick-name “Ongwen”
2. he was previously a soldier/rebel
3. has the facial characteristics or looks like someone who would generally be
regarded as Ongwen (from some sort of prior knowledge)
4. But since we are now constrained by a well argued Theory 4, Ongwen must be a
Lango.
5. The physical resemblance in 3 is close somewhat to the person said to be at ICC
Detention and who was at the “Initial Appearance”.
NOMENCLATURE

 Handling inconsistencies, uncertainties in features
But we also have to factor in the unresolved inconsistencies such as whether or not the entire
thing is a joke or not, whether his age at the time of arrest/capture was 35 or 40- among
others.
Note: There are inconsistencies that have already been ironed out.
1. For example, the inconsistencies that he was born in Gulu or Amuru is now irrelevant since
Theory 4 says he is a Lango born in Abia, Lango. Gulu and Amuru are in Acholi region.
2. Also the uncertainty of the claim that he surrendered or that he was captured is immaterial
at this stage, since the key priority issue here is identification of the person of interest.
3. Whether he surrendered to or was captured by Seleka rebels, or whether he surrendered
to or was captured by American troops and/or African troops is immaterial at this point since
key priority is verification of identity of the person.
NOMENCLATURE

Note: There are inconsistencies that have already been ironed out.
4. Seleka a rebel group or not? Whether Seleka is/was a [Muslim] rebel group or now a
current National Army of Central African Republic is now irrelevant- although, if Seleka were
a [Muslim] rebel group – that would raise questions of double standards by whomever
[African and/or American troops] is claiming they received Ongwen from Seleka. Yes, double
standards because one would expect African [Union?] troops and/or American troops to
cooperate [officially] with the Government of CAR and not the rebels of CAR – in the event
that Seleka are rebel forces fighting CAR!
If Seleka is NOT a rebel group – but a former rebel group [assuming it existed], then why
majority – yes, majority of the press refers to it as a rebel group? Not error.
NOMENCLATURE

5. Seleka rebel group Muslim-dominated? Yes, assume Seleka were a rebel group: whether
Seleka is Muslim-dominated or not should be immaterial. In fact, not entirely immaterial
since Ongwen’s Lord’s Resistance Army is said to have been fighting for the past two or so
decades to promote the Ten Commandments – mostly followed by mainstreams,
derivatives/denominations of the Christian faith. It is unlikely that Ongwen could have just
surrendered to Seleka Muslims, for, one would expect members of just any two rebel
groups[be it that they from different countries], especially of those said to be based religious
faiths not to be as cordial to each other . The few photos of the time Ongwen was captured
all point to the contrary!
NOMENCLATURE

6. Seleka rebel group Muslim-dominated? Yes, assume Seleka were a rebel group:
 In fact, Ongwen and his LRA should not have been considered a rebel at all since he is in
a country that is not his own! Now what is he rebelling against in Central African
Republic? All these serve nothing but raise doubts in the stories surrouding capture or
surrender of Ongwen.
NOMENCLATURE

 Deriving useful information the seemingly irrelevant inconsistencies, uncertainties in

features.
Easily noticeable but quite difficult to establish their relationships are some snippets of
seemingly meaningful information in the form of keywords, phrases, imagery and such
dialectological patterns – that faintly clog my mind….
And I have to reminisce… and reminisce again…

NOMENCLATURE

 Deriving useful information the seemingly irrelevant inconsistencies, uncertainties in

features.
And when I reminisce again…
The keywords, phrases, imagery, names of characters ring a bell…. Or bells
Obo, Ojara, Banghui, Ted-wii, Obim, Abim,

: LRA rebel Dominic Ongwen surrenders to US forces in CAR!
Caption: African troops, backed by US forces, have set up a special unit to hunt Joseph Kony and the LRA
NOMENCLATURE
13. Conclusions
 The Theory 4 is strengthened by all these arguments, and the other theory 1 (the only
other plausible) is severely weakened – though not knocked out.
 I therefore conclude that the Ongwen in question is in fact the Omara in my mind. Which
White ant in English, Omara exactly will follow from quantification- in the next sections.
“ngwen” is local
dialect/language[Lango]
SOME QUANTIFICATION…
Prototype [feature-based] classification
Relevant features used for determining which “suspect”/prototypes
characters, real or in mind – most closely match(es)
Ongwen.
1. “… there is likelihood he is an Acholi by tribe…[A for 2E. 3I. 4S. 5D. 6F. 7R. 8B. 9N. 10P = Intermediate
o Ordering of the yes]”
Caesar Ogole
value=9
features is not 2. “…Some kind of (past or present) association with
in the order of Acholi either by abduction , marriage or otherwise
relevance. ……[E/exposure for yes]”
o Click on the 3. “… Currently NOT employed: I= for not working -

feature to a idle “ …
description of Jimmy Omony 1A. 2E. 4S. 6F. 7R. 8P. 12L = Intermediate value=6
the criterion for 4. “ … Previous occupation likely to be likened to
feature soldiering…: S= for soldier” – vial verbal war, or even
selection as we some name connection
as the it’s
relevance. 5. “..Dressing style matches very closely …: D for match
in dress” Alex Atim 2E. 3I. 4S. 7L. 9N = Intermediate value=5
6. “ Association with improbable but likely hyped
ctivists and/or victims featured upon his capture…: F”
7. “…facial Look-alike- somewhat…: R = for resembles”
8. “…Likely date of birth: mid 1975’s or early Patrick Okullo 4S. 7R. 8B. 9N = Intermediate value=4
1980’s. B= 80’s or mid 75’s”
9. “…Likely to be associated with a pseudo-name

“Ongwen”: “ N = for likely nickname
10. “…Past or present proximity/association to Emer Charles

3I. 4S. 6F. 9N= Intermediate value=4
ICC/Netherlands.. ”= P for yes
11. “…Likely to be mistaken for Ongwen without

DNA test.. ”: M for yes
12. “… Not likely to choose Lango Lawyer (over Acholi) Omara 2E. 3I. 4S. 5D. 6F. 7R. 8B. 9N. 10P. 11M. 12L =
to defend him at Court…”: L= for yes Intermediate value=11
Prototype [feature-based] classification
Click the “suspect”/prototype to see Click the value of the element to see
Click the feature in question why it was chosen for initialization why/how it was assigned the given
its relevance value
13. “…Some known kind of connect ion– linguistic- or 2E. 3I. 4S. 5D. 6F. 7R. 8B. 9N. 10P. 13Ch. 14Li. 15Im.
o Ordering of the whatever connection to names of characters as reported in
Caesar Ogole
16Hi. 17Ca. = Intermediate value=14
features is not media (e.g. Acellam, Odhiambo, Ali, etc)” Ch”
in the order of
relevance. 14. “… Some kind of connection, commonality (be it via
memetics, design, etc) beyond what would be considered
sheer coincidences, especially perceived to be time-course
o Click on the design - “ . context: words/phrases used to describe the
feature to a story in the media… in relation to other events running in
description of parallel.. Example: “who are you”, “banghui”, “ted wii”, coo- Jimmy Omony 1A. 2E. 4S. 6F. 7R. 8P. 12L = Intermediate value=7
rom[literally meaning men are equal”, “wilobo-tek”, “Obo”,
the criterion for “in the context of…”, “chip in”, “maiden remarks”, “riek”,
feature “live”, . , Li, …
selection as we 15. “ … Relation to bush scene images: e,g, wearing wrist
as the it’s band, wearing an unmistakable African wear/shirt: Im”
relevance.
Alex Atim 2E. 3I. 4S. 7L. 9N . 14Li. 15Im = Intermediate
16. “ If Nickname likely to be “ongwen”, then … he is likely
to be associated with the hit song from Abia – the likely
value=7
origin of closest prototype in mind”: Hi
17. “…Some likely connection with CAR, as a word or

acronym…”Ca
18. “…Confirmation of identity likely to prove Patrick Okullo 4S. 7R. 8B. 9N. 14Li = Intermediate value=5
difficult… if not escape notice…..since biometric info
may not be in database”.Bio
19. “…Likely to escape facial recognition by friends,

relatives after years of disappearance” Fa.
Emer Charles
20. “…More likely to volunteer in such a case – which 3I. 4S. 6F. 9N. 14Li = Intermediate value=5
is likely a political process gone bad.. ”:Po
21. “Very coarse skin texture – as a result of living in
rough bushy conditions.. ”:Co ***
Omara 2E. 3I. 4S. 5D. 6F. 7R. 8B. 9N. 10P. 11M. 12L.
13Ch. 14Li. 15Im. 6Hi. 17Ca.18Bio.19Fa.20Po
= Intermediate value=19
Results summary
Prototype Omara[in mind] scores 19/21 = 95%
Prototype Ogole scores 14/21=70%
Prototype Omony scores 7/21=35%
Prototype Atim scores 7/21=35%
Prototype Emer scores 5/21=25%
Prototype Okullo scores 5/21=25%
What this means:
 Even though there are possibilities of errors, which, if corrected could change the results significantly(in the worst case), we
note that aside from prototype Ogole, the rest of the prototypes’ scores are so low, that is, <=35% (far worse than a random
guess). No refinement of methods, nor addition of features could change the scores that significantly to match even the
second highest score of 70%.
 Even such a refinement through additional [relevant] features would not change the position of the prototype [Ogole], from
being anything better than second. Even if the new scores resulting from any adjustments skyrocketed to match, or even
surpass that of prototype [Omara], Omara would still gain significantly – and remain the prime suspect- from the fact that I
would prefer to call the physical presence rule. Prototype Ogole [like the rest of the closest prototypes under consideration]
are known not to be at ICC the Hague. While it is not confirmed that Ongwen is at ICC, i.e I do not for sure know his location,
the issue is that no one knows the whereabouts of the Omara [prototype] in question.
 Given all else we now know, whether or not Ongwen is being detained at ICC detention center, the person purported or
purporting to be Ongwen must be the Omara- from our nearest prototype classification scheme.
Results summary
A question likely to be posed: So, that means the method is the not best- if even with that
>90% accuracy score, we aren’t sure if the Ongwen is Omara himself! Why don’t you try
another method- a better one?
 The truth is that no other method can tell us with 100% certainty that the person purported or purporting (or both) to be Ongwen is
Omara himself!
 Even the “best” method would only tell us the nearest match – and this is what we have exactly done. In fact, our method is already a
superior one because it takes into account:
1. images taken from various sources, after which I performed operations close to that employed image object recognition
algorithms, though mostly using so-called visual inspection
2. other features such as known or presumed geographical (that is, physical) locations of the prototypes ;, close matches found
using metrics similar to Euclidean distances [e.g. to determine who, of the prototypes could be located at ICC].
3. attempts to employ other discriminating features, e.g. facial expressions to determine the emotions of the prototype under a
given scenario. This technique of emotion detection, via visual inspection, has left an important question unanswered: is this a
joke or not given that, sometimes, the Ongwen in question is seen to be in very relaxed mood yet he is under arrest.
Results summary
 The truth is that no other method can tell us with 100% certainty that the person purported or purporting (or both) to be Ongwen is
Omara himself!
 Even the “best” method would only tell us the nearest match – and this is what we have exactly done. In fact, our method is already a
superior one because it takes into account:
4. the method (after sufficient training - ) performs linguistic and dialectological recognitions – from where useful meanings and
relationships are derived. The ability to generalize or recognize new relationships, for example, recognize that “laongo?” is very
closely related to “is he [not] impotent?” – yet the literally meaning of the two-word “lao ngo?” is “what does he discharge [
when he pees]”? – most probably derived or extended from prior training cycles, as outlined in the following sequence of training
patterns – presented in the given order
So, when one suggests use of another better method, I can’t think of any. What we have done here is an equivalent of adaptive
metric learning! And we must be clear that prototype adaptation is different from metric adaptation! During training, we had a
discussion on prototype adaptation, accompanied with examples of different metrics [for similarity measures] .
Recommendation
 Possibility one (>90 % chance): A confirmation using DNA analysis is required. Fortunately, we have additional information that can
reduce significantly the samples to be tested – all drawn from the discussions we have had so far.
From Abia?
2014: CAESAR OGOLE 2015: ONGWEN OR OMARA?
Are they brothers? Yes, with 95% confidence

Same person
 Confirmation through DNA test required –
before all else can proceed (trials, etc)
From Abia
2010: CAESAR OGOLE 2012: VICTOR COHEN

Recommendation
Question likely to be asked: So, that means the method is the not best- if even with that
 Possibility two (<=5% chance): A confirmation using DNA analysis is required. Fortunately, we have additional information that can
Not from the same place?

Not the Omara in my mind? No, with 5% confidence.
The other 5% chance… If Victor Ochen is not the brother [in which case, he would not be the Omara in
my mind], then Mr. Charles Ojara must be! Again, confirmation of identity must be carried out using
DNA test on Ongwen’s supposed second follower/brother Mr. Charles Ojara [Sources that say Charles
Ojara is Ongwen’s brother are:
(1) Monitor, January 16 2015 ] [live url] [cached copy]

(2) Monitor, January 27 2015] [live url] [cached copy]
Recommendation
Question likely to be asked: So, that means the method is the not best- if even with that
 Possibility two (<=5% chance): A confirmation using DNA analysis is required. Fortunately, we have additional information that can
Not from the same place?

Not the Omara in my mind? No, with 5% confidence.

The other 5% chance…
 Knowing the overwhelming errors and inconsistencies in the media stories regarding Ongwen, the
minute 5% chance includes the possibility that Ongwen may not be the said Omara, but also a
possibility that he might not be related to the Ojara… but that he might be some random person at
all. The search space for DNA confirmation will be widened!
 As an aside, the entire region need DNA tests done for everyone as part of the resettlement
scheme!
APPENDICES…

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BREAKING NEWS!

JANUARY 7 2015: BREAKING NEWS! DOMINIC ONGWEN ARRESTED IN CAR!

By Caesar Ogole PICTURE ABOVE TAKEN IN 2006

STARTED WORKING THIS PROJECT ON 11/3/2015.

Who is Dominic Ongwen ? [According to the BBC article]

Key highlights (according to the same BBC article).

Highlights (Human Rights Watch , Jan 9 2015)

2. Who is Dominic Ongwen?

3. How did the ICC come to bring charges against Ongwen?

Audio/VIDEO: on the run for almost a decade (1- 3) seconds

BUT GRAVE ISSUES SURROUND THE REACTIONS

• That is, his first concern is different from

Other examples, quoting the same newspaper article:

Other examples, quoting the same newspaper article:

Some what an interesting example:

8. The same Paddy Ankunda says:

Some what an interesting example:

Retired Bishop Macleod Baker…

Retired Bishop Macleod Baker…

Somewhat an interesting example:

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

10. Victor Ochen …

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

10. Victor Ochen …

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

10. Victor Ochen …

Sub-title: Not everyone agrees.

10. Victor Ochen …

Sub-title: Acholi remains sympathetic

Sub-title: Acholi remains sympathetic

13. This line is peddled by Lucy Akello also.

14. United Nations Chief, Ban ki Moon:

Sub-title: Acholi remains sympathetic

Sub-title: Acholi remains sympathetic

15. Lawyer, Francis Onyango…

From the breaking news we looked at e.g. BBC(7 January 2015):

Caption: Ex-LRA commander Dominic Ongwen makes his

2. Bad timing?! Or by design?

From the breaking news we looked at e.g. BBC(7 January 2015):

2. Unusually zealous promotion of “nomination” of my former village mate for Nobel

2. Looking back… I see unusual perturbations [via communications] directed towards me

2. Looking back… I see unusual perturbations [via communications] which, overtime, I

Examples: On the meaning of transitional justice – Ochen’s campaign mantra.

• So ran the stores again:

Which, I would equate, in level of difficulty, to the English language tongue-twister:

MORE REACTIONS TO THE BREAKING NEWS…

18. Victor Ochen – 2015

“I am happy that finally,

Moses Chrispus Okello Victor: It wouldn't be justice if he did

January 27 at 1:51pm · Edited · Like

January 27 at 12:41pm · Like

1. Fourth Estate Host, Charles Mwanguhya

“A very good evening and welcome to the Fourth

Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source

[Screen subtitle] - Topic: Dominic Ongwen Trial,

2. Fourth Estate Host, Charles Mwanguhya

“…. Let’s get back to the meat and substance of

Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source

1. Colonel Felix Kuliyagye, Political Commissar, [Former

“Yes, he was (handed to ICC)… ” [Video at 3:54S]

Transcribed from the video [cached copy] – Source Nation TV

Jan 09 Human Rights Surrendered received Believed to be 10 A senior commander

Jan 20 2015 UN News[pdf] Surrender on will receive a He is part of a

Jan 25 2015 The Born in Opinions are