Rain Technology

About Rain
Technology

BY – Rahul Dhawan
17csu146
Contents

 Introduction
 Goal of Technology
 Architecture
 Features
 Advantages
 Applications
 Future Scope
 Conclusion
 Reference
 INTRODUCTION

 The name of the original research project is RAIN which stand’s for
Reliable Array of Independent Nodes. The RAIN technology originated in
a research project at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech),in
collaboration with NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
I. A component that stores data across distributed processors and retrieves it
even if some of the processors fail.
II. A communications component that creates a redundant network between
multiple processors and supports a single, uniform way of connecting to
any of the processors.
III. A computing component that automatically recovers and restarts
applications if a processor fails
Goals of Rain Technology

 RAIN Technology is able to offer the solution by minimizing

number of nodes in the chain connecting the client and server.

 RAIN Technology making the exiting nodes more robust and

independent of each other.

 RAIN Technology provides the feature of replacing a faulty

node by a healthy one.
Architecture
 Features of Rain

 Communication

 Group Membership

 Data Storage
 FAULT TOLERANT INTERCONNECT
TOPOLOGY

The Problem

How to connect n computing nodes in a ring of n switches?

 A NAIVE APPROACH

 In this approach, we connect all the nodes to the nearest switch.

 A ring is 1-fault tolerant so, we can loose 1 switch without upset.
 A 2nd switch is failure can partition the network.
 Diameter Construction dc=2

 Here the nodes are connected to switches that are maximum distance
apart from each other which is diameter in ring. Diameter construction
with nodes of degree 2 connected to n switches of degree 4 can tolerate 3
fault without partitioning the network. Which is optimal.

Diameter construction for n (a) odd (b) even

 Group Membership

 The main function of group member is to

tolerate the fault.
 Group member ensure that all processes
maintain a consistent view of global
membership.
Token Mechanism:
Data Storage

Fault tolerance in data storage

across many disks is obtained
using redundant storage schemes.
Novel error-correcting codes
have been developed for this
purpose. These are array codes
that encode and decode using
simple XOR operations.
Advantages

 There is no limit on the size of a RAIN cluster.

 There is no concept of master-slave relation.

 A RAIN cluster can tolerate multiple node failure.

 This is highly efficiency in traffic management.

 New node can be added into the cluster to participate in load

sharing.

 It work with many different intermit application.

Applications

 High Availability Video Server

 High Availability Web Server
 Distributed Check pointing Mechanism
Future Scope

 Development of API’s for using the various building blocks.

 The implementation of a real distributed file system using the

partitioning scheme developed here.

 The group communication protocols are being extended to

address more challenging scenarios.
 Conclusion

 The goal of the RAIN project has been to build a test-bed for
various building blocks that address fault management

 Communication and storage in a distributed environment.

 The creation of such building blocks is important for the

development of a fully functional distributed computing system.
 References

 www.studymafia.org
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.google.com
ANY QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU