TOPICS COVERED IN THIS PRESENTATION

DEFINITION
USES OF SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
DATA REQUIREMENT TO PREPARE SINGLE
LINE DIAGRAM .
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
EXAMPLES
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
WHAT IS SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM ?

IT IS THE REPRESENTATION OF THREE

LINE DIAGRAMS BY ONE LINE DIAGRAM .
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
COMPONENTS OF A SLD
CIRCUIT BREAKER
BUS BARS
CT & PT
PROTECTIVE RELAYS
METERS
STARTERS
INDICATION LAMPS & PUSH BUTTON
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
DATA REQUIREMENT TO PREPARE A SLD
LOAD LIST
INCOMING SUPPLY VOLTAGE
OUTGOING SUPPLY VOLTAGE
FAULT LEVEL OF THE SYSTEM
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
SIZING OF EQUIPMENT

SIZING AND FEEDER DISTRIBUTION OF

MAIN LV SWITCHBOARD
SIZING OF LT CABLES
SIZING OF DG SET
AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
SYMBOLS USED IN SLD
SYMBOLS USED IN SLD
SYMBOLS USED IN SLD
SYMBOL OF RELAYS
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

NOW WE ARE TAKING ONE EXAMPLE OF PREPARING A SLD OF

BACKWASH AND SLUDGE WATER RECLING PLANT AT
WAZIRABAD CONSIDERING ALL THE FACTORS REQUIRED FOR
A SLD .

POWER SUPPLY CONDITIONS

(I) REFERANCE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE FOR DESIGN OF

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT : 45 DEGREE CELCIOUS
(II)NOMINAL SYSTEM SUPPLY
(A) INCOMING : 11kV , 3 PHASE , 50Hz AC
(B) PLANT POWER DISTRIBUTION : 415V,3 PHASE , 4 WIRE
(C) LIGHTING AND SPACE HEATING : 240V,1 PHASE,
2WIRE ,
LOAD LIST
TOTAL LOAD OF THE PROJECT ARE AS FOLLOWS
A. RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE ( MCC-1)
RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

RAW EFFLUENT PUMP ( 7.1KW)( 2W) 14.2KW 14.2KW

INFLUENT PUMP ( 55KW)(4W+2S) 330KW 220KW

MOVS( 1.1KW)( 1W+6S) 7.7KW 1.1KW

EOT CRANE (3.7KW)(1W+1S) 3.7KW 3.7KW

LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER AUXILIARIES 4KW 4KW

TOTAL LOAD 249.6KW 243KW

LOAD LIST
A. CLEAR WATER PUMP HOUSE ( MCC-2)

CLEAR WATER PUMP HOUSE MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

CLEAR WATER PUMP ( 55KW)(4W+2S) 330KW 220KW

MOVs( 1.1KW)( 1W+6S) 7.7KW 1.1KW

LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER AUXILIARIES 4KW 4KW

TOTAL LOAD 341.7KW 225.1KW

 CHEMICAL BUILDING ( MCC-3)

CHEMICAL BUILDING MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

AGITATORS IN POLYDOSING TANK FOR 6.6KW 6.6KW

THICKNERS(2.2KW) ( 3W)
POLY DOSING PUMPS FOR 3.75KW 2.25KW
THICKENERS( 0.75KW)(3W+2S)
ALUM DOSING TANK AGITATORS( 4.5KW 4.5KW
1.5KW)(3W)
ALUM DOSING PUMPS(0.37KW) 1.48KW 0.78KW
(2W+2S)
MOVs( 1.1KW) (1W+6S) 7.7KW 1.1KW

POLY DOSING PUMP DISCHARGE 4.4KW 4.4KW

VALVE ( 1.1KW)(4W)
LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER 4KW 4KW
AUXILIARIES
TOTAL LOAD 32.43KW 23.59KW
 CENTRIFUGE BUILDING MCC ( MCC -4)
CENTRIFUGE BUILDING MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD
GRAVITY THICKNERS 13.2KW 13.2KW
MECHANISM(2.2KW)(6W)
AGITATORS IN FLOCULATORS( 3.3KW 3.3KW
1.1KW)(3W)
POLY DOSING TANK AGITATORS (FOR 4.5KW 4.5KW
CENTRIFUGE) (1.5KW)(3W+3S)

POLY DOSING PUMPS(1.1KW)(3W+2S) 6.6KW 3.3KW

CENTRIFUGE ( 37KW)(4W+2S) 222KW 148KW
CENTRIFUGE FEED PUMPS (5.5KW)(1W) 33KW 16.5KW

BELT CONVEYOR 5.5KW 5.5KW

MOVs( 1.1KW)(1W+5S) 6.6KW 1.1KW
EOT CRANE ( 3.7KW) 3.7KW 3.7KW
LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER AUXILIARIES 4KW 4KW
TOTAL LOAD 302.4KW 203.1KW
 CHLORINATION BUILDING MCC ( MCC -5)

CHLORINATION BUILDING MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

BOOSTER PUMPS PRE 7.4KW 3.7KW

CHLORINATION(3.7KW)( 1W+1S)
BOOSTER PUMPS – POST 1.1KW 1.1KW
CHLORINATION ( 1.1KW)(1W+1S)
EOT CRANE ( 3.7KW) 3.7KW 3.7KW
LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER AUXILIARIES 4KW 4KW
TOTAL LOAD 16.2KW 12.55KW
 FILTER ANNEXE BUILDING MCC ( MCC -6)

FILTER ANNEXE BUILDING MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

BACKWASH AIR BLOWERS(37KW) 74KW 37KW

BACKWASH WATER PUMPS (45KW) 180KW 90KW
SERVICE WATER CUM DILUTION 11KW 5.5KW
PUMPS ( 5.5KW)
AIR COMPRESSOR (1.1KW) 2.2KW 1.1KW
VACCUM BLOWERS (9.3KW) 37.2KW 18.6KW
FILTER CONSOLE ( 2KW) 16KW 16KW
MOVs( 1.1KW) 52.8KW 1.1KW
LIGHTING LOAD & OTHER AUXILIARIES 4KW 4KW
TOTAL LOAD 324.4KW 172.2KW
 TOTAL LOAD OF THE PROJECT

NAME OF DIFFERENT MCC INSTALLED LOAD RUNNING LOAD

RAW WATER PUMP HOUSE MCC ( MCC-1) 249.6KW 243KW

CLEAR WATER PUMP HOUSE MCC ( 341.7KW 225.1KW
MCC-2)
CHEMICAL BUILDING MCC ( MCC -3) 32.43KW 23.59KW
CENTRIFUGE BUILDING MCC ( MCC-4) 302.4KW 203.1KW
CHLORINATION BUILDING MCC ( MCC- 16.2KW 12.5KW
5)
FILTER ANNEXE BUILDING ( MCC -6) 324.4KW 172.2KW
TOTAL LOAD 1266.73KW 879.49KW
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
NOW WE BASED ON THE ABOVE LOAD LIST AND CONSIDERING
THE FOLLOWING FACTORS THE TRANSFORMER & DG SIZE IS
SELECTED

THE FOLLOWING ASSUMPTIONS HAVE BEEN MADE TO ARRIVE

AT THE ESTIMATED LOAD OF THE DIFFERENT SITES .
LOAD FACTOR
(A)MAIN MOTOR : 0.95
(B)AUXILIARY LOAD , VALVE MOTORS , ETC : 0.9
(C) LIGHTING LOAD : 1.0
DIVERSITY FACTOR
(A) MAIN MOTOR : 1.0
(B) AUXILIARY LOAD , VALVE MOTORS , ETC : 1.5
(C) LIGHTING LOAD :1.0
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

TRANSFOR SIZE SELECTED : 1000KVA

DG SIZE SELECTED : 1000KVA
NOW WE SELECT ELECTRICAL COMPONENT TO PREPARE A SLD

SELECTION OF CT , PT , BREAKER , CABLES , BUSBER FOR HT

SYSTEM
INCOMING SUPPLY : 11KV
TRANSFORMER RATING : 1000KVA
CT SELECTION
IHV = ( TRANSFORMER RATING ) / SQRT (3) * 11
= ( 1000KVA) / ( 1.732 * 11 )
= 52.48 AMPEAR
CONSIDERING 20 % EXTRA =62.98 AMPEAR
CT SELECTED = 75A ( AS PER MANUFACTURER )
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

HT BREAKER SELECTECD = 630A VCB, 11KV

HT CABLE SELECTION
INCOMING CABLE SELECTION ( INCOMER TO
BUSBAR )
TRANSFORMER RATING = 1000KVA
RATED VOLTAGE = 11KV
Ir = KVA/(√3 * VOLTAGE) = 1000/ /(√3 * 11) = 52.48
AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE AT 450C = 0.94
GROUP/SPACING WITH OTHER CABLES = 0.84
OVERALL DERATING FACTOR (ODF)=0.94*0.84=0.7896
VALUE OF CONSTANT ‘K’ FOR XLPE CABLE =94
 SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM

CABLE RATING REQUIRED =Ir/ODF = 52.48/0.7896

=66.48A
CURRENT RATING OF 3C X 25 sq.mm AL XLPE CABLE = 100A
NUMBER OF CABLE REQUIRED = 0.50=1 run
HENCE,3C X 25sq.mm,AL,XLPE CABLE IS ADEQUATE

BASED ON SHORT CIRCUIT CONDITIONS

LET FAULT CURRENT( Ish)=18.37kA
FAULT CLEARING TIME=1sec
AREA OF CONDUCTOR = Ish* √t/K = 18.37* √1/94 = 195.43A
HENCE , 3C X 300 sq.mm AL,XLPE CABLE IS SELECTED .
2 Cable Sizing Calculation In air in Ground
Raw Effluent pump,centrifugal,540m3/hr 45 kW 45
Voltage 0.415 kV 0.415
Power factor 0.84 0.83
Efficiency 0.92 0.92 As per IS 12615:2004

Ir=kW /( sqrt3 * Voltage * p.f *eff ) 81.01 A 81.99

Ambient air temperature of 50 deg C 0.9 0.94

Group/spacing with other cables 0.7 0.68

Overall derating factor 0.63 0.6392

Cable rating required 128.590 A 128.267

3C X 35 sq.mm Al.cable ( in air ) 113 A Ref. Havell's

Number of Cable run (N) 2

voltage drop is given by:(Running)

sqrt3 *Ifl ( RcosΦ1+XsinΦ1)*L/(N*1000) 2.393306378

R= 1.11 ohm/km
X= 0.0783 ohm/km
Length of the cable (L) 35 m
CosΦ1 0.84
sinΦ1 0.54
Hence voltage drop running ( in % ) 0.576700332
CosΦ2 0.2

sinΦ2 0.98

sqrt3 *Ifl ( RcosΦ2+XsinΦ2)*L/(N*1000) 4.401201545

Hence voltage drop starting ( in % ) 1.060530493
SLD OF HT SECTION
APFCR Sizing Calculations

Estimate of Capacitor kVAR for p.f correction 879.49 kW

Load Factor ( L.F) 0.95

Load p.f .( cos A ) 0.8

Desired p.f ( cos B ) 0.95

kVAR = KW * L.F * ( tan A - tan B ) 352.02 kVAR

Maximum limiting value of capacitor to avoid self excitation

Total Running kw 879.49 kW

Voltage 0.415 kV

Motor full load current 1529.48 A

I no-load 458.845196 A Assume 30% of Ir)

Considering no load p.f ( starting ) 0.2

sin Q 0.9798

Im=Ino-load * sin Q 449.5765231 A

Limiting value of Im for capacitor sizing 404.6188708 A Assumed 90% of Im

Maximum kVAR connected across motor terminal

sqrt3 * Iml * Voltage 323.15 kVAR

Minimum value of capacitor selected for motor 310 kVAR

SLD OF LT SWITCHBOARD
SLD OF MCC-1
SLD OF MCC-2
SLD OF MCC-3
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