PROJECT

SYNOPSIS ON
DIGITAL VISITOR
COUNTER USING 8051
BENGAL INSTITUTE OF MICROCONTROLLER
TECHNOLOGY & (AT89C51)
MANAGEMENT
Santiniketan
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Digital Visitor counter using

8051 microcontroller (AT89C51)
 Group members
 Project Mentor:
 Ravi shekhar (091630003022)
 Mr. Madhusudan Maity
 Priyambada Ojha (09163003037)

 Tejashwi Parimal (09163003081)

 Shusant Kumar (09163003077)  HOD:

 Prof. S. Shankralingam
 Chandra Bhanu Pratap Singh

(09163003054)
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Aim Of The Project

 Aim of this project is to make a digital

visitor counter which is based around
the 8051 microcontroller (AT89C51).
 To use of sensors for increment or
decrement and to show the counted
value on 7-segment display.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Introduction
 This project titled “Microcontroller based Bidirectional
Visitor counter” is designed and presented in order to
count the visitors of an auditorium, hall, offices, malls,
sports venue, etc.
 The system counts both the entering and exiting visitor of
the auditorium or hall or other place, where it is placed.
Depending upon the interrupt from the sensors, the system
identifies the entry and exit of the visitor.
 On the successful implementation of the system, it displays
the number of visitor present in the auditorium or hall. This
system can be economically implemented in all the places
where the visitors have to be counted and controlled.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Block Diagram
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Description
 A counter that can change its state in either
direction, under control of an up–down selector
input, is known as an up–down counter.
 The circuit given here can count numbers from
0 to 9999 in up and down modes depending
upon the state of the selector.
 It can be used to count the number of persons
entering a hall in the up mode at entrance
gate. In the down mode, it can count the
number of persons leaving the hall by
decrementing the count at exit gate.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Description
 This circuit divided in three parts:
sensor, controller and counter display.
 The sensor would observe an
interruption and provide an input to the
controller which would run the counter
in up/down mode depending upon the
selector setting. The same count is
displayed on a set of 7-segment
displays through the controller.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Sensor Arrangement at the Way

 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Sensor Arrangement at the

Way
 In this circuit, two infrared (IR) sensor modules are
used each for up and down counting, respectively.
Whenever an interruption is observed by the
first IR sensor, it increments the counter value.
 Similarly, when the second sensor detects an
obstacle, the count is decremented. The count
value is calculated depending upon the sensor’s
input and is displayed on a set of four seven
segment displays by using the concept of
multiplexing.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Sensor Arrangement at the

Way
 The data pins of each 7-segment display are
connected to port P2 of the microcontroller AT89C51.
The first four pins of port P1 (P1^0-P1^3) are connected
to control pins to enable a particular 7-segment. P 1^5
& P1^6 are configured as input pins at which the
sensors are connected.
 The sensor inputs are defined as up and down selector
modes for the counter in the code. Each time the first
sensor is blocked, it gives a high signal at P 1^5 and
the count value gets incremented. The value gets
decremented when P1^6, connected to second sensor,
gives high input. At each step, the value of the counter
is sent to be displayed on the segments.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Components Used
 Transistor BC547:
 BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands for
transfer of resistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A small
current at its base controls a larger current at collector & emitter
terminals.
 BC547 is mainly used for amplification and switching purposes. It has
a maximum current gain of 800.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Components Used
 Seven Segment Display :
 A seven segment display is the most basic electronic display device
that can display digits from 0-9. They find wide application in devices
that display numeric information like digital clocks, radio, microwave
ovens, electronic meters etc. The most common configuration has an
array of eight LEDs arranged in a special pattern to display these
digits. They are laid out as a squared-off figure ‘8’.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Components Used
 AT89C51 Microcontroller:
 AT89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051
family. ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB of Flash programmable and erasable
read only memory (PEROM) and 128 bytes of RAM. It can be erased
and program to a maximum of 1000 times.
UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Components Used
 Infrared LED:
 An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED that
transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength. Such LEDs
are usually made of gallium arsenide or aluminium gallium arsenide.
They, along with IR receivers, are commonly used as sensors.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Components Used
 Light Emitting Diodes:
 Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor light sources. The light
emitted from LEDs varies from visible to infrared and ultraviolet
regions. They operate on low voltage and power. LEDs are one of the
most common electronic components and are mostly used as
indicators in circuits. They are also used for luminance and
optoelectronic applications.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Uses
 Used to count the visitors of an
auditorium, hall, offices, malls, sports
etc.
 Used as integral part of security System
in high confidential areas.
 Used in Parking Lot.
 Used in Elevator to prevent the
maximum limit of weight.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Advantages
 High precision and accuracy can be
achieved through it.
 Since it is bidirectional, it can count in
both directions peoples entering and
exiting the place.
 Since it is compact it can be easily
implemented anywhere.
 It is also cost effective.
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

Conclusion
 Thus the project entitled “Bidirectional Visitor
Counter” helps to measure the visitor entering
and exiting a particular passage or way.
 The circuit counts both entering and exiting
visitors and displays the number of visitors
present inside the hall.
 Visitor counting is not limited to the entry/exit
point of a company but has a wide range of
applications that provide information to
management on the volume and flow of people
throughout a location..
 UP DOWN COUNTER USING AT89C51

THANK YOU