Dhaka University of engineering & Technology

Dhaka University of engineering & Technology

Dhaka University of engineering & Technology
 PRESENTAION

ON

BEAM

Dhaka University of engineering & Technology

 OBJECTIVES

 To know the importance of Beam Detailing

 To know about different types of Beam.
 To know about the methods of proper Detailing of
Reinforcement.
What is Beam?
Beam is a horizontal structure member used to
carry vertical force, shear force and sometime
horizontal force.

It is the major component of building structures. It

mainly use in construction of bridges, trusses, and other
structures which carry vertical load.

On the other hand,

“Any structure member which cross section is

much smaller compare to its length and undergoes
lateral load, known as beam”.

In other words,

“Beam is a horizontal bar witch undergoes lateral

load or couple.
 Classification of Beam

• Based on shape:
• T – beam
• Rectangular beam etc.
• L Beam
• I Beam

• Based on Material:
• Homogeneous
• Non-homogeneous
Based on Reinforcement Placement

(1)Singly

(2)Doubly

Singly reinforced Beam: In a beam, If the reinforcement is placed only in

tension zone then it is called Singly Reinforcement Beam.

Doubly reinforced Beam: if the reinforcement is placed both at Tension and

Compression zone then it is called Doubly reinforced Beam.
According to equilibrium
(1)Statically determinate Beam

(2) Statically indeterminate Beam

According to design
• 1.Balanced beam
• 2.Under reinforced beam
• 3.Over reinforced beam
Balanced beam-
The steel provided in the beam is such that
both concrete and steel reach the limiting
values of strain simultaneously.

Design by steel and concrete for both fail

level consider
Under reinforced beam
The steel provided in the beam is such that steel reach the limiting values
of strain prior to concrete.
Over reinforced beam-
The steel provided in the beam is such that concrete reach the
limiting values of strain prior to steel .
Spandrel or Outer Beam
This type of beam are placed in along periphery or outer side of the building . This
type of beam are known as Spandral Beam .

Governing Force

Shear Force, Bending Moment & torsion are the Governing

force. But axial force are neglect.
 Based on Supporting condition

(a) Cantilever beam

(b) Simply supported beam

(c) Overhanging beam

(d)Continuous Beam

(e) Fixed supported beam

(f)Cantilever , simply supported or

propped beam
SIZE OF BEAM
(1) The width will not be less than 10 in
(2) The width to depth ratio will be at least 0.3
(3) Clear span will not be less than four times its
effective depth
b
BNBC-8.3.4

h
 Size of Rectangular Beam
Minimum Thickness For Serviceability (BNBC – 6.2.10)

Support Simple Continuous Semi Cantilever

condition continuous
Depth l/16 l/21 l/18.5 l/8

For Maximum deflection and moment

Dead load
Dead load is the self weight of Beam structure.

Live load
Live load is the external super imposed load on a structure.Live loads
are

i. Uniformly distributed load

ii. Uniformly varying load
iii. Concentreted load
 Types of Reinforcement in Beam
(1) Longitudinal reinforcement.
(i)To resist flexural stress.
(ii)To resist shear stress.
(iii)To resist torsional stress.
(2) Transverse reinforcement (stirrups)
(i) Mainly used shear & diagonal tension
(ii) Hold longitudinal bar in proper position.
(iii) Reduce shear cracking propagation.
Torsional Flexural
Reinforcement Reinforcement

Shear
Flexural
Reinforcement Reinforcement
 Placement of reinforcement
Hanger Bar

Stirrup

Main bar

Extra top bar

Stirrup:
Used to resist shear and diagonal tension stresses in a
beam. STIRRUP
Should be used minimum size of 10 mm dia .
SPACING OF MAIN BAR

# The minimum clear spacing between parallel bars in

a layer will be equal to one bar diameter , but not less
than 25 mm.
(BNBC- 8.1.7.1.)

# Minimum spacing between main bar 1.33 times of

maximum size of aggregate .

# Minimum spacing between main bar 1.5 times of

main bar diameter.

SPACING
 {
(1) d/4
SPACING OF STIRRUP: (BNBC 8.3.10.4 ) (2) 8 X Minimum dia of Main
S ≤ bar
Maximum spacing ( Mid Span) (3) 24 X dia of stirrup
(1) d/2 (4) 300 mm
(2) 16 X Minimum Dia of Main Bar
(3) 48 X Dia of Stirrup
The first stirrup shall be located not more than 50
mm from the supporting face.

Maximum spacing ( For Hoops ) :

(1) d/4
(2) 8 X Minimum dia of Main bar
(3) 24 X dia of stirrup
(4) 300 mm

Stirrup shall not be placed at more than d/2

throughout the length of the member
Lapping Lapping

According BNBC (8.3.4.2)

 Lap splices of flexural reinforcement shall be permitted only if hoop is
provided over the lap length.
Lap splices shall not be used
1. within the joint
2. Within a distance of twice the member depth from the face of the
joint
3. Not more than 50% of the bar shall be spliced at one location.
4. Maximum spacing d/4 or 100 mm whichever is smaller.
Covering
WHY WE PROVIDE COVERING??

In order to protect the reinforcement from corrosion and

to provide fire resistance to bars embedded in concrete,
nominal cover is provided for Reinforced Concrete
Structures.

COVERING

(ACI-7.7.4)
If Column Surface Contact with Earth-3in
Contact With earth & if include shuttering- 2in
If Column not Contact with Earth – 1in-1.5in(30-
40mm)
Beam Column joint
Typical figure
Practically all RC Beam are double reinforce
Thanks for being
with us.