Clientele and

Audiences in
Counselling
 THE CLIENT

 Clients go into counseling for various

reasons:
• Some clients are ordered by the court
• Prisoners or other offenders are sent so
that they might receive help.
Potential divorces are sent for marital
counseling by the court also
Others, upon examining their situations, feel
the need for help or an improved life-style
Still some are referred for academic or
vocational counseling
Others are driven by a crisis
All clients have expectations of varying levels
Some clients expect rapid help and change
Others go into counseling with a mindset that
nothing will make a difference in their outlook
and behavior
They go in order to satisfy a requirement or to
stifle a potential feeling of guilt
One of the most difficult clients to work with
is the reluctant client
 Reluctunt Client
 One who does not want to receive counseling but
finds him or herself in the counseling situation
 Not cooperate to make change and results
difficult to achieve
 According to Dyer and Vriend, unavoidable
process in every effective treatment, for that part
of the personality that has an interest in the
survival of the pathology actively protests each
time therapy comes close to inducing a successful
change
Reluctance may sometimes manifest itself in
hostility of the client, absenteeism, non-
cooperation, strained civility, and other
creative forms
Some clients are reluctant because of
suspicion
Others are reluctant because they do not want
to change
Characteristics and needs
of various types of
clientele and audiences
 INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING

• The counseling service is now more focused to

one individual
• How he/studies, plays or behaves in a group
•The approach does not focus on the past
but focuses on the present and future
 Guidance Activities: (for Individual
Counseling)
• Consultation
• Voluntary Counseling/Walk-in Counseling
• Referral Counseling
 Group Counseling
• A group activity aimed to assist EACH
INDIVIDUAL member of the group to solve
his/her problem and make adjustments on
how he/she behaves in the group.
Guidance Activities (for Group Counseling)

• Organizing Home Room Organizations - earliest

form to bring about group guidance activities.
• Students/pupils are grouped into committees
assigned for a particular task
• Most of the time, a leader is chosen to spear
head the activity
• Usual groups/assignments: Sweepers of the Day;
Front yard Cleaners
• Lectures, conferences, programs, parties and
convocations.
What is Community Counseling?
Use acceptable research protocols, conduct a
survey among young adults (ages 18–21) on
their counseling needs. Present results and
recommendation for class discussion.
Settings, Processes, Methods,
and Tools in Counseling