Submitted By : Khushpreet Singh

B.Tech (6th Sem.)

Roll No. 15014103
 Introduction
 Machine Learning
 Neural Networks
 Image Processing
 Pattern Recognition
 Speech Recognition
 Knowledge Representation
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
INTELLIGENCE:Intelligence has been defined in many different ways
to include the capacity for logic, understanding, self-
awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity,
and problem solving. It can be more generally described as the ability to
perceive or infer information, and to retain it as knowledge to be applied
towards adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:The theory and development of

computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human
intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-
making, and translation between languages.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes

the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some
of the activities computers with artificial intelligence are designed for
include:
•Speech recognition
•Learning
•Planning
•Problem solving
Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI)
that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and
improve from experience without being explicitly
programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of
computer programs that can access data and use it learn for
themselves.

The process of learning begins with observations or data, such as

examples, direct experience, or instruction, in order to look for
patterns in data and make better decisions in the future based on
the examples that we provide. The primary aim is to allow the
computers learn automatically without human intervention or
assistance and adjust actions accordingly.
•Within the field of machine learning, neural networks are a
subset of algorithms built around a model of artificial neurons
spread across three or more layers. There are plenty of other
machine learning techniques that don’t rely on neural networks.

•Within neural networks, deep learning is generally used to

describe particularly complex networks with many more layers
than normal. The advantage of these added layers is that the
networks are able to develop much greater levels of abstraction,
which is necessary for certain complex tasks, like image
recognition and automatic translation.
Digital image processing deals with manipulation of digital images
through a digital computer. It is a subfield of signals and systems
but focus particularly on images. DIP focuses on developing a
computer system that is able to perform processing on an image.
The input of that system is a digital image and the system process
that image using efficient algorithms, and gives an image as an
output. The most common example is Adobe Photoshop. It is one
of the widely used application for processing digital images.
In IT, pattern recognition is a branch of machine learning that
emphasizes the recognition of data patterns or data regularities in a
given scenario. It is a subdivision of machine learning and it
should not be confused with actual machine learning study. Pattern
recognition can be either “supervised,” where previously known
patterns can be found in a given data, or “unsupervised,” where
entirely new patterns are discovered.

The objective behind pattern recognition algorithms is to provide a

reasonable answer for all possible data and to classify input data
into objects or classes based on certain features. A “most likely”
matching is performed between various data samples and their key
features are matched and recognized.
Speech recognition is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational
linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enables the
recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. It
is also known as "automatic speech recognition" (ASR), "computer
speech recognition", or just "speech to text" (STT). It incorporates
knowledge and research in the linguistics, computer science, and
electrical engineering fields.
Some speech recognition systems require "training" (also called
"enrollment") where an individual speaker reads text or isolated
vocabulary into the system. The system analyzes the person's specific
voice and uses it to fine-tune the recognition of that person's speech,
resulting in increased accuracy. Systems that do not use training are called
"speaker independent "systems. Systems that use training are called
"speaker dependent".
Speech recognition applications include voice user interfaces such as
voice dialing (e.g. "Call home"), call routing (e.g. "I would like to make a
collect call"), demotic appliance control, search (e.g. find a podcast where
particular words were spoken), simple data entry (e.g., entering a credit
card number), preparation of structured documents (e.g. a radiology
report), speech-to-text processing (e.g., word processors or emails), and
aircraft (usually termed direct voice input)
Knowledge is the information about a domain that can be used
to solve problems in that domain. To solve many problems
requires much knowledge, and this knowledge must be
represented in the computer. As part of designing a program to
solve problems, we must define how the knowledge will be
represented. A representation scheme is the form of the
knowledge that is used in an agent. A representation of some
piece of knowledge is the internal representation of the
knowledge. A representation scheme specifies the form of the
knowledge. A knowledge base is the representation of all of the
knowledge that is stored by an agent.
1. Reduces human involvement in selected jobs

2. Faster and minimal or no errors

3. Life and work made easier with AI

4. Works 24*7 with no pay

5. Greatest advantage in the medical field

6. Decision making cannot be influenced

1. Cannot fully replace humans

2. Creates unemployment in certain sectors

3. Costs involved is too much

4. No Original Creativity

5. Can do more bad than good