EVALUATION AND

OPERATIONS OF
FUNCTIONS
Prepared by: Garry D. Divinagracia
What can you say about this graph?
 WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE
RELATIONSHIP OF “Y” TO “X”?

y is the function
of x
 EXAMPLE: 𝒚 = 𝒙 + 𝟐

Let; 𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒚=𝒙+𝟐
Substitute, 𝒚 = 𝟎 + 𝟐
Then,
𝒚=𝟐
• To write the relationship of y to
x , instead of writing into long
phrase, we write 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 , read
as y is equal to f of x . This way
of writing functions is equally
convenient for computing the
value of f at specified value of
x.
• Example 1: 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 given 𝑥 = 0

By Substitution,

𝑓 0 = 02 + 0 + 1

𝑓 0 =1
• Example 2: g 𝑥 = 3𝑥 −5 given 𝑥 = 5

By Substitution,
g 5 = 3(5) − 5
g 5 = 15 − 5
g 5 = 10
IN OTHER SIDE, FUNCTIONS DEAL
WITH REAL NUMBERS AND
COULD HAVE THE SAME
DOMAIN AND RANGE WHICH
OPERATIONS ALSO APPLY.
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟓 and g 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 given 𝒙 = 𝟓

Example 3: SUM

𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 5 + (𝑥 2 )
𝑓+𝑔 5 = 5 + 5 + (52 )
𝑓+𝑔 5 = 10 + 25
𝑓+𝑔 5 = 35
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟓 and g 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 given 𝒙 = 𝟓

Example 4: DIFFERENCE

𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 − 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 5 − (𝑥 2 )
𝑓−𝑔 5 = 5 + 5 − (52 )
𝑓−𝑔 5 = 10 − 25
𝑓−𝑔 5 = −15
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟓 and g 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 given 𝒙 = 𝟓

Example 5: PRODUCT

𝑓•𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 • 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓•𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 5 (𝑥 2 )
𝑓•𝑔 5 = 5 + 5 (52 )
𝑓•𝑔 5 = (10)(25)
𝑓•𝑔 5 = 250
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟓 and g 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 given 𝒙 = 𝟓

Example 6: QUOTIENT

𝑓 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥 = 𝑓 10
𝑔 𝑔(𝑥) 5 =
𝑓 𝑥+5 𝑔 25
𝑥 = 2
𝑔 𝑥 𝑓 2
𝑓 5+5 5 =
5 = 2 𝑔 5
𝑔 5
• 𝒇 𝒙 = 𝒙 + 𝟓 and g 𝒙 = 𝒙𝟐 given 𝒙 = 𝟓

Example 7: COMPOSITE

(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔) 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑔(𝑥)
𝑓∘𝑔 𝑥 =𝑥+5
𝑓∘𝑔 𝑥 = (𝑥 2 ) + 5
𝑓∘𝑔 5 = (52 ) + 5
𝑓∘𝑔 5 = (25) + 5
𝑓∘𝑔 5 = 30
• Directions: Evaluate the following
functions at the indicated values given
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 − 5.

1. 𝑓 0
2. 𝑔 −1
3. 𝑔 − 𝑓 −5
𝑓
4. (2)
𝑔
5. (𝑓 • 𝑔)(8)
6. (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)(−3)
7. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)(s)
HOW DO WE EVALUATE A
CERTAIN FUNCTION?
 ASSESSMENT
• DIRECTIONS: Evaluate the following
functions at the indicated values given
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 7 and g 𝑥 = 4𝑥 − 2 .

1. 𝑓 −10
2. 𝑔 − 𝑓 −5
3. 𝑔∘𝑓 𝑡
4. 𝑓∘𝑓 𝑠
𝑓
5. 𝑔
(2)
 ASSIGNMENT
• Answer Briefly: Explain the relationship
of 𝒚 𝒕𝒐 𝒙 and show examples through
graphs.