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EMBODIED ENERGY – A MEASURE

SUSTAINABILITY OF BUILDING
ABSTRACT
• The total amount of energy embedded in the building when its constructed
is known as the embodied energy of a building.
• It can also be related carban emission which contributes to the global
warming phenomenon
• Any form of energy expended,release a certain amount of carbon into the
atmosphere. This causes negative environmental impact.
• By identifying and using construction materials of low embodied energy,a
large amount of energy can be saved every year.
• To provide a review on embodied energy of building and methods for its
evalution for construction materials
KEYWORDS :
• Embodied energy
• Sustainable buildings
• Process analysis
• Alternative materials
INTROUCTION :

• EMBODIED ENERGY
• HOW EMBODIED ENERGY IS MEASURED
• REDUCING EMBODIED ENERGY
• REASONS TO REDUCE EMBODIED ENERGY
• Building sector is one of the fast growing and at the same time,most
energy consuming sector.
• The construction industry has now become more concerned with the
environment aspects.
• The two main factors concerned with sustainability are environment
and energy.
• Unscientific use of energy has caused much harm to the environment.
• Problems like energy resource depletion , greenhouse gas emission ,
climate change and increase in temperature of earth have gained
much attention
• Energy is utilized throughout the life of a building for lighting,air
conditioning,heater,water pumping,ventilation,refrigeration operating
electrical kitchen appliances.
• Apart from this a considerable amount of energy is consumed during the
construction phase of a building
• Large amount of energy is used for the production of the different
construction materials.
• energy – for transporting construction materials to site and for erection
and placing at site.
• Analyse the energy consumption by the building sector and its relation with
sustainable development. Buildings that use lesser energy are more sustainable.
• LCA – buiding helps to measure the amount of energy utilized by a building
• It evaluates the energy utilization throughout the life time of the building
including the construction stage and the operation stage. L-c-assessment helps in
decision making for the designers and plaining engineers
Embodied Energy :
EE of a building is the overall summation of energy
required for the extraction , processing and manufacturing of building
materials, its transportation and erection at the site.
EE depends very much on the selection of materials
for construction of a building.
the EE consists of energy consumed directly and
indirectly for all work involved in construction of a building,from the
beginning till the end.
• It involves the following :
Energy for manufacture of the construction materials from
raw materials and its extraction
Energy for transport of these materials to construction site
Energy for erection of the structure
Energy used for the renovation of buildings.
DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF EE
LIFE CYCLE ENERGY ANALYSIS (LCE)
• A Thorough study on the estimation of total energy flow of a building
is termed as life cycle energy analysis.
• Life cycle energy includes direct and indirect energy utilization during
construction ,operation and demolition stages of building.
• The total energy flow during life cycle of a building can be
categorized as ;
EMBODIED ENERGY
OPERATIONAL ENERGY
DEMOLITION ENERGY
LCE – EMBODIED ENERGY

• The energy consumed during the construction phase and before that ,
for the manufacturing and transportation of construction materials
and its erection is called EE.

• it depends on the type of construction materials used in the building ,


location of the building and method of erection or construction.
LCE – OPERATIONAL ENERGY
• The energy consumed during the operational phase of a building is
called operational energy.
• OE – its considered for the whole life period of the building.
• The main contribution to life cycle energy of buildings is given by
operating energy
• Contribution of EE is only about 20% whereas demolition and other
process energy has negligible share .
• Therefore for a common building.
• LCE = EE + OE
• LCE – MAJAR PART – OE

• The principles and methods of LCA are based on the ISO Environment
management and system, ISO 14040,AND ISO 14044-Its required
more than 37 Yrs formalizing ,
Sources of energy :
• BIO – MASS
• COAL
• PETROL , DIESAL ,,KEROSENE Etc.

• ELECTRICITY FROM ;
Hydro project
Thermal project
Wind project
Chemical energy ,Nuclear energy.
FORMS OF EMBODIED ENERGY

• Initial embodied energy


• Recurring embodied energy
• IEE – two components – direct and indirect energ

• Direct energy – construction activities and transpotation of building


products to the building site.

• Two stage – (1)Product and (2)construction (consumption)


1.extraction of raw materials and manufacturing procedure of materials
2.transpotation vehicles and construction equipment

• Indirect energy - construction activities and transpotation of building

• Indirect energy also consider the office set up and administration


facilities required for carrying out the construction activities.
• Recurring embodied energy – the energy required after completion of
construction.

• Its consumed building maintance and repair


EVALUTION OF EMBODIED ENERGY

• EE Values of construction materials are dependent on parameters like


the region of study, methods of manufacturing , location of site Etc.,

• ANALYING EE IS SETTING SYSTEM BOUNDARIES.

To determine the scope of study .


• Based on SB selected , LCA – classified as,

Cradle to gate – extraction to production processes –


until the factory gate
Cradle to grave – from extraction, production,erection
demolition and disposal.
Cradle to cradle – disposal and recyclind process.
Gate to gate - manufacture process
Cradle to site - extraction to production processes –
until the materials is transferred to site
Selection for SB – consistent with the goal and study.
Method of analysis :
for calculation construction materials

• Statistical analysis
• Process analysis
• Input – output analysis
• Hybrid analysis
• Statistical analysis – energy supply to different industries ,- calculated
the energy requirement per unit of output
• Process analysis - methodology to consider all the process,-
calculated the energy requirement of the process in all stages
• Input – output analysis – estimate the materials . The energy use and
emission releated to the economic sector.
• Hybrid analysis - Input – output analysis .
EE – co-efficients
• For further analysis ,

• to calculate EE is unit mass or volume of different construction


materials.

• EE – co-efficients – from extraction process to construction at site for


unit quantity of the materials will give the EE coefficient of that
materials.
• EMBODIED ENERGY = QUANTITY OF THE
MATERIALS X EE CO- EFFICIENT
Calculation of EE
ENVIRONMENT IMPECT
• NOISE
• AIR
• WATER
• VISUAL
• CHEMICAL EMISSION
• RELEASE OF CO2
• DAMAGE OF ECOSYSTEMS
•CONCLUSIONS :

the world is aiming at sustainable


development.
less energy-both OE and EE.

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