PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 1
CONTENT
 Introduction
 Perpetual pavement concept
 Pavement type selection
 Layers of pavement
 Construction
 Monitoring and resurfacing
 Typical perpetual pavement structural section
 Advantages disadvantages of perpetual pavements
 Value engineering-Life cycle cost analysis
 Need of perpetual pavements in India
 Perpetual pavements in China
 Conclusion

2
PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS
INTRODUCTION

 Road is the important transportation mode

 Perpetual pavement is a special type of pavement.
 Also called as extended life or long lasting asphalt pavements.
 It has about 50 years of life span

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 3
 FIG. 1 CONSTRUCTION OF PAVEMENTS

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 4
PERPETUAL PAVEMENT CONCEPT

 PP is derived on a mechanistic principle that thickly designed hot mix ashalt

pavements.
 Design philosophy is that have enough structural strength to resist distress.
 It should be durable enough to resist the damage due to traffic forces and
environmental effects.( abrasion, moisture damage etc..)
 Provide enough stiffness in the upper layer and enough total pavement
thickness and flexibility in the lower layer.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 5
PAVEMENT TYPE SELECTION

FACTORS AFFECTING PAVEMENT SELELCTION

 Life cycle cost
 Availability of quality raw materials
 Constructability
 Use of less natural resources
 Climatic conditions
 Sustainability
 Durability

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 6
LAYERS OF PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS

 Base layer
 Intermediate layer
 Surface layer

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 7
FIG.2 PAVEMENT LAYERS.
BASE LAYER

 It should be rut-resistant and durable.

 Should resist moisture damage.
 Optimizes stiffness to resist rutting.
 Should resist the tendency to crack from bending under
traffic loads.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 8
 Fig. 3 Perpetual pavement design concept-base layer

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 9
INTERMEDIATE LAYER

 This layer should be sufficiently stable and this stability can be achieve by
stone-on-stone contact in the course aggregate.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 10
WEARING SURFACE

 This surface requirements depend on the local experience and economics.

 In some case we can dictate the use of stone mix asphalt (SMA).
 SMA is designed to withstand against the rutting, permeability, weathering
and wear.
 In case of low volume traffic well designed, densely graded Super pave mix is
used.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 11
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN THE COSTRUCTION OF PERPETUAL
PAVEMENTS

 Quality of materials
 Foundation of the roadway should able to support paving and compaction
operations.
 Foundation should be well compacted, smooth and stiff enough to support
construction traffic and provide resistance to rollers.
 Installation of drainage or granular interlayer is necessary.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 12
GOOD CONSRTUCTION PRACTICE=GOOD PERFORMANCE

 Resist the segregation of aggregate by proper handling of materials.

 Volumetric control of the mixes is the key to consistency and quality in the
final product.
 Periodic testing and analysis is needed with good quality.
 Periodic monitoring is needed.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 13
MONITORING AND RESURFACING

 Periodical monitoring of pavement performance is needed.

 First step is the removal of the existing surface to the depth of distress.
 If the characteristics are changed (weakening of underlying soil through the
increased moisture content), then an additional thickness is provided.
 Before that the existing surface will remove to a depth of distress. Then the
additional thickness is provided.
 This new layer has the same properties of the original layer.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 14
TYPICAL PERPETUAL PAVEMENT STRUCTURAL LAYER SECTION

 A permanent ,stable foundation consist of

 Impermeable ,durable ,and wear resistant surface.
 Thick , rut resistant intermediate layer.
 Flexible fatigue resistant bottom layer.
 The layer thickness depend on traffic loading , environmental location etc…

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 15
ADVATAGES OF PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS

 High structural capacity for high traffic volume and heavy truck loads.
 Long life and low –cycle cost
 Decreased user cost
 It allows better visual contrast with road lines and markings.
 Provide greater skid resistance.
 economic

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 16
DISADVANTAGES

 Initial construction cost is high.

 Needs periodic monitoring and maintenance.
 Maintenance cost is high.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 17
VALUE ENGINEERING

 All types of pavements are subjected to life cycle cost analysis to slect a
suitable one among them.
 That is provide a satisfactory level of service at low cost with optimum usage.
 In perpetual pavements scheduled preventive maintenance and periodic
renewal is required only.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 18
 NEED OF PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS IN INDIA

 Increase in the number of vehicles in Indian road imposes distress on the road
in the form of increased fatigue cracking and rutting.
 Conventional pavements require rehabilitation after 20 years of installation.
 It will affect the traffic and cost is also high.
 Perpetual pavements are provided to overcome this . That will last 50 years
without rehabilitation.
 PP never need to be completely removed and replaced. Hence it is
economical.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 17
 Only needs surface renewal and base remains the same. It saves the
construction material.
 Maintenance in the off-peak hours
 These results in more cost effective design.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 20
 PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS IN CHINA

 China started to construct perpetual pavements in their province from the

year 2004.
 Chia build their own PP, that is pavements with semi-rigid base.
 Most of the high grade highways are in China and they have been made as
asphalt pavement with semi-rigid base.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 21
 FIG.4 PAVEMENT SECTION IN CHINA

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 22
CONDITIONS TO QUALIFY A PAVEMENT TO BE AS
PERPETUAL

 It should be designed for 50 years life

 The layers should be properly designed so that the distress occurs in the top
layer and maintenance is needed only for it.
 Use of HMA

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 23
 CONCLUSION

 Perpetual pavements last for 50 years.

 The initial construction cost is high than conventional pavements.
 It is the most sustainable pavement designs for heavy traffic roads.
 The reduction in maintenance results in decrease in natural resources
consumption, energy saving and pollution reduction.

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 24
REFERANCE

1. 2nd Conference of Transportation Research Group of India (2nd CTRG)

“Perpetual Pavement A Boon for the Indian Roads” Chandan Basu, Atasi Das1,
Pavanaram Thirumalasetty, Tanmay Das Intercontinental Consultants &
Technocrats Pvt. Ltd.,A-8 Green Park, New Delhi 110016, India

2. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 5 (2016) 200–

209“Evaluating the performance of sustainable perpetual pavements using
recycled asphalt pavement in China”Saud A. Sultan , Zhongyin Guo Department
of Highways and Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Al-
Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq b School of Transportation Engineering,
Tongji University, 4800 CaoAn Gonglu, Shanghai, China

3. International journal for research in applied science and engineering

technology volume 4 issue XII December 2016“Perpetual Pavements– An Enduring
Flexible Pavement” Shinde. S. S., Kore. S. B., Bavane. N. U., Kadam. S. R.
Department of Civil Engineering, Sanjay Ghodawat Institute, Atigre, Maharashtra,
India .
4.“Perpetual Pavements A Concept Paper” Mark Buchner, Ph.D., P.E., Asphalt
Institute; David Newcomb, Ph.D., P.E., National Asphalt Pavement Association;
and Jim Huddleston, P.E., Asphalt Pavement Association of Oregon from Asphalt:
The Magazine of the National Asphalt institute -- Fall 2000; Vol. 15, No. 3.
 THANK YOU

PERPETUAL PAVEMENTS 26