Summary

Computer System
 Mobile computer is a personal computer you can carry from place to
place. It can be fit on your lap or your hand.

 Mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle

hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously. It is a partial
room to a full room size of equipment.

 Supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer and the most

expensive. It is a full room size of equipment.

 Miniframe computer Typically supported 10 to 100 users, smaller and

less expensive than mainframes. The real difference is relative in terms of
price, power, marketing.

 Personal Computer is Small, self-contained computers with their own

CPUs. It is Used by home and business users. It uses a microprocessor, a
CPU (Central Processing Unit) on a single chip.

 Embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a

component in large product.
Hardware
In system units, it contains:
Motherboard – the main circuit of a computer containing the
microprocessor chip/CPU. IC chips and devices such as
peripherals are attached to this board.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) – also called a processor, is the
electronic device that interprets and carries out the instructions
that operate the computer.
Memory (RAM) – a chip that provides temporary storage to
hold data and instructions
Adapter/ expansion card – a circuit board that adds devices /
functionalities to the computer
Bus – a signal route / electrical channels within a computer to
which several items may be connected, to transfer signals
between them
Pots and connectors – the connection points that allow
input/output devices to be connected to the internal bus of a
processor
Software
Application Software
◦ MS Word, Excel, etc….

System Software
◦ Operating system
 Theory behind Software
Programming language
◦ Machine language
◦ Assembly language
◦ Third generation language
 Procedural language
 Tell the computer what to accomplish and how to do it.
 machine-independent language
 instructions are written as a series of English-like words.
◦ Forth generation language
 Non-procedural language
 easy to use that users with very little programming background can develop
programs using a fourth-generation language.
 Many 4GLs work in combination with a database and its project dictionary.
◦ Fifth generation language
 designed to make the computer solve a given problem without the programmer.
 Mainly used in AI.
 The user only needs to worry about what problems need to be solved and what
conditions need to be met, without worrying about how to implement a routine or
algorithm to solve them
Procedural Language
A procedural language is a type
of computer programming
language that specifies a series
of well-structured steps and
procedures within its
programming context to compose
a program. It contains a
systematic order of statements,
functions and commands to
complete a computational task or
program.
Computer Aided Design Software
software is a sophisticated type
of application software that
assists a user in engineering,
architectural and scientific
designs
Database
A database is a collection of information that
is organized so that it can be easily
accessed, managed and updated.

Data is organized into rows, columns and

tables, and it is indexed to make it easier to
find relevant information.
Data gets updated, expanded and deleted
as new information is added. Databases
process workloads to create and update
themselves, querying the data they contain
and running applications against it.
 Database
Relational Database
◦  standard user and application program
interface for a relational database. (SQL)
Cloud Database
◦ database that has been optimized or built for a
virtualized environment, either in a hybrid
cloud, public cloud or private cloud.
Distributed Database
◦ a database in which portions of the database
are stored in multiple physical locations, and in
which processing is dispersed or replicated
among different points in a network.
Internet
Function
◦ Two way communication (chat)
◦ One way streaming (youtube)
◦ Data Transfer (Email, messenger)
◦ Information Browsing (google, world
wide web)
Why computer is
essential?
Speed – Many computers process billions or trillions of
operations in a single second.

Reliability– The electronic components in modern computers

are dependable because they rarely break or fail.

Consistency – Given the same input and processes, a

computer will produce the same results.

Storage – Many computers can store large amounts of data

and make this data available for processing anytime it is
needed.

Communications – Many computers can communicate with

other computers, often wirelessly, to share the four information
processing cycle operations with another computer or a user.
THE END