Handling Hazardous

Materials and Dangerous

Goods
Presented by:
DJUDJUR PRASODJO
On Seminar for Aircraft Maintenance
Inspector
March 29-30, 2005
 Brief C.V.
 DJUDJUR PRASODJO
 Salatiga, 14 Agustus 1955
 STPI graduate in Aircraft Maintenance (D-IV)
 University graduate in Engineering (S-1)
 Komplek Kampus Diklat Penerbangan Curug,
Blok M # 11.
 Family:
 Wife : N. Narmiyanti – Padang.
 Daughter & boy : Brea – Avri – Galet

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 C.V. …..
 Title – Lecturer.
 Subject:
– Jungle & Sea Survival.
– Aerodynamic; Aircraft Performance.
– Airworthiness/CASR/Air Laws.
– Non Destructive Inspection.
– Philosophy / Research Methodology
– Technical Drawing.
– Aircraft Pneumatic & Hydraulic System;
– Aircraft Structure; Weight & Balance.
– Human Factor.
– Aircraft Accident Investigation.
– Quality Assurance.

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 Learning objectives
After completing this topic, you should be able to:
1. Explain the regulation related to the dangerous goods,
national (DGAC Decree) and international (ICAO, IATA).
2. Describe the goods/articles permitted and forbidden
on board.
3. Describe the classes and, codes and labels used to
identify dangerous goods.
4. Use emergency response drill.
5. Explain in marking and labeling on ULD.
6. Describe storage and loading of dangerous goods
7. Explain the provision of information in case of accident
and incident, undeclared dangerous goods.

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 Regulations
 National
– SKEP Dirjen Hubud No 275 Tahun 1998: “Ijin
Pengangkutan Barang Berbahaya dengan Pesawat
Udara”.
– SKEP Dirjen Hubud No 297 Tahun 1999:”Sertifi8kat
Kecakapan Petugas Pengamanan Pengangkutan
Barang Berbahaya dengan Pesawat Udara”.
 International
– ICAO Annex 8:”The Safe Transport of Dangerous
Goods”

 IATA
– Dangerous Goods Regulations

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D.G. Licensing – SKEP 293/XII/1993
 License “A”
– Airlines cargo acceptance staff.
– Cargo agent staff.
– Shippers staff.
– Packers.
– Postal cargo acceptance staff.
 License “B”
– Warehouse staff.
– Handling / unhanding supervisor.

 Shall have D.G. training

– Flight crews
– Load planning
– Flight attendance
– Passenger handling
– Screening personnel.
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Annex 18
 Annex 18 to the Chicago Convention on
International Civil Aviation, entitled “The
Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by
Air”, paragraph 10.1 requires that
dangerous goods training programmes be
established and update as provided for in
the ICAO document “Technical Instruction
for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods
by Air (DOC 9284-AN/905)”.

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 The Technical Instruction (Part 6) requires that
initial and recurrent D.G. training programmes
be established and maintained by or on behalf of
the following:
– Operators;
– Agencies, organizations or persons involved in the
handling and possessing or cargo and/or passengers;
– Regular shippers of dangerous goods;
– Shopper’s agents;
– Agencies engage in the security screening of
passengers and their baggage.

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IATA DGR
 IATA DGR cover the procedures to be followed
by everyone involved in preparing a
consignment of dangerous goods and placing it
on an aircraft.
 The airline acceptance staff must:
– complete a checklist which involves a comprehensive
check of the package and documentation. The
consignment is accepted only if all relevant
requirements have been complied with.

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 The loading personnel must:
– inspect each package for leakage or damage before
loading into a ULD or bulk loading on aircraft;
– inspect each ULD for evidence of leakage or damage
before loading on an aircraft;
– correctly position, segregates and secure each
package or ULD.
 The Captain (PIC) must:
– receive, and retain, full written details of all the
dangerous goods loaded on the aircraft (NPIC);
– be aware of the actions to be taken in the event of
emergencies involving dangerous goods.

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 The ICAO Technical
Instructions

YOU
be familiar with

General The marking Handling and compatibility

philosophy of and labeling loading
the requirements procedures
Regulations

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 1. DANGEROUS GOODS

 Dangerous goods are articles or

substances which are capable of posing a
significant risk to health, safety, or to
property when transported by air.

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 those which are acceptable for transport
by air provided all the provisions of the
Regulations are complied with

DANGEROUS Those which are forbidden for

GOODS transport by air

Those which are excepted from

the provisions of the Regulations.

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 Dangerous Goods Acceptable

A great many dangerous

goods may be carried on
aircraft as cargo → DGR

• By name
•Indicates the maximum quantity of such goods per package on
Passenger and/or Cargo Aircraft.
•Items forbidden as baggage may be acceptable as cargo.

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 Dangerous Goods Forbidden Under any
Circumstances.

The giant cargo

“Galaxy”

• Certain dangerous goods are considered to be too dangerous for

transport by air.
• Special care is taken to ensure that such goods are not accepted for
transport.
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 Dangerous Goods Excepted
Certain items of dangerous goods have
been excepted from the provisions of the
Regulations when they are either:
-carried by Passengers or Crew
-carried as Operator’s Property.

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CLASS and DIVISION

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 2. CLASSES & DIVISIONS
 Dangerous Goods are divided into 9
classes reflecting the type of risk involved.
 In some classes dangerous goods are
further divided into divisions.
 Classes:
– Class 1: Explosives
– Class 2: Gases
– Class 3: Flammable Liquid
– Class 4: Flammable Solids, etc.

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– Class 5: Oxidizing Substances; Organic
Peroxides
– Class 6: Poisonous (Toxic) Substances;
Infectious Substances
– Class 7: Radioactive Materials
– Class 8: Corrosives
– Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

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Class 1: Explosives
Division 1.1
REX
Articles and substances
having a mass
explosion hazard.

Division 1.2
REX
Articles and substances
having a projection
hazard.

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Division 1.3
REX, RCX, RGX
Articles and substances
having a minor blast or
projection hazard.

Division 1.4
REX
Articles and substances
which present no
significant hazard.

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Division 1.5
REX
Very insensitive substances
which have a mass
explosion hazard.

Division 1.6
REX
Extremely insensitive
articles which do not
have a mass explosion
hazard.

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RXB
RXC
RXD
RXE
RXG

RXS
Articles and substances
which present no
significant hazard. Effect
from accidental
functioning is confined
within the package.

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Class 2: Gases
Class 2
RNG
Non-flammable gas.

Class 2
RFG
Flammable gas

Class 2
RPG
Poison (toxic) gas.

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Class 3: Flammable Liquid
Class 3
RFL
Flammable liquid.

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Class 4: Flammable Solids, etc.
Division 4.1
RFS
Flammable solid.

Division 4.2
RSC
Spontaneously combustible.

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Division 4.3
RFW
Dangerous when wet.

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Class 5: Oxidizing Substances;
Organic Peroxides

Division 5.1
ROX
Oxidizer

Division 5.2
ROP
Organic peroxide

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Class 6: Poisonous (Toxic)
Substances; Infectious Substances
Division 6.1
RPB
Poisonous (toxic) substance.

Division 6.1
RHF
Harmful
Stowaway from foodstuff

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Division 6.2
RIS
Infectious substances.

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Class 7: Radioactive Materials
Class 7
RRW
Radioactive material
Category I – White.

Class 7
RRY
Radioactive material
Category II - Yellow

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Class 7
RRY
Radioactive material
Category III – Yellow.

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Class 8: Corrosives
Class 8
RCM
Corrosive material

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Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous
Goods
Class 9
RMD
Miscellaneous dangerous
goods.

Class 9
RSB
Polystyrene beads.

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Class 9
ICE
Dry ice / carbon dioxide
solid.

Class 9
MAG
Magnetized material
(handling label)

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 Aircraft Emergency Response Drill
1. COMPLETE APPROPRIATE AIRCRAFT EMERGENCY PROCEDURES.
2. CONSIDER LANDING AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE.
3. USE DRILL FROM THE CHART BELOW

DRILL INHERENT RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR FIRE-FIGHTING ADDITIONAL

NO. RISK AIRCRAFT OCCUPANT LEAK PROCED. CONSIDERATI
PROCED. ON

1 Explosion Fire As Use 100% All agent Possible

may cause and/or indicated oxygen according to abrupt loss of
structural explosion by the drill availability; use pressurization
failure letter(s) standard fire
procedure
2 Gas, non- Minimal As Use 100% All agent Possible
flammable, indicated oxygen; according to abrupt loss of
pressure by the drill establish and availability; use pressurization
maintain max
may create letter(s) ventilation for
standard fire
hazard in “A”,”I” or “P” procedure
fire. drill letter
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DRL INHERENT RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR LEAK FIRE- ADDITIONAL
NO. RISK AIRCRAFT OCCUPANT PROCED. FIGHTING CONSIDERATI
PROCED. ON
3 Flammable Fire and/or Smoke, Use 100% All agent Possible
liquid or explosion fumes and oxygen; establish according to abrupt loss of
solid heat, and as and maintain availability; no pressurization
max ventilation;
indicated by no smoking;
water on “W”
drill letter(s) minimum electric. drill letter
4 Spontaneous Fire and/or Smoke, Use 100% All agent Possible
ly combust. explosion fumes and oxygen; according to abrupt loss of
or heat, and as establish and availability; no pressurization
pyrophoric indicated by maintain max water on “W” ; minimum
when drill letter(s) ventilation drill letter electric if “F”
exposed to or “H” drill
air letter

5 Oxidizer, Fire and/or Eye, nose Use 100% All agent Possible
may ignite explosion, and throat oxygen; according to abrupt loss of
other possible irritation; establish and availability; no pressurization
materials, corrosion skin maintain max water on “W”
may explode damage damage on ventilation drill letter
in heat of a contact
fire

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DRL INHERENT RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR LEAK FIRE- ADDITIONAL
NO. RISK AIRCRAFT OCCUPANT PROCED. FIGHTING CONSIDERATI
PROCED. ON
6 Poison, may Contaminati Acute Use 100% All agent Possible
be fatal if on with poisoning, oxygen; establish according to abrupt loss of
inhaled, poisonous effects may and maintain availability; no pressurization
max ventilation;
ingested, or liquid or be delayed do not touch
water on “W” ; minimum
absorbed by solid without gloves drill letter electrics if “F”
skin or “H” drill
letter
7 Radiation Contaminati Exposure to Do not move All agent Call for a
from broken on with radiation, packages; according to qualified
/ unshielded spilled and avoid contacts availability person to
packages radioactive personnel meet the
material contaminati aircraft
on
8 Corrosives, Possible Eye, nose Use 100% All agent Possiblr
fumes corrosion and throat oxygen; according to abrupt loss of
disabling if damage irritation; establish and availability; no pressurization
inhaled or skin maintain max water on “W” ; minimum
in contact damage on ventilation; do drill letter electrics if “F”
with skin contact not touch w/o or “H” drill
gloves letter
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DRL INHERENT RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR LEAK FIRE- ADDITIONAL
NO. RISK AIRCRAFT OCCUPANT PROCED. FIGHTING CONSIDERATI
PROCED. ON
9 No general As indicated As indicated Use 100% All agent None
inherent by the drill by the drill oxygen; according to
risk letter letter establish and availability; no
maintain max water on “W”
ventilation if drill letter
“A” drill letter

10 Gas, Fire and/or Smoke, Use 100% All agent Possible

flammable, explosion fumes and oxygen; according to abrupt loss of
high fire heat, and as establish and availability pressurization
risk if any indicated by maintain max
ignition the drill ventilation; no
source letter smoking,
present minimum
electrics

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 DRILL ADDITIONAL RISK DRILL ADDITIONAL RISK
LETTER LETTER
A ANAESTHETHIC M MAGNETIC
C CORROSIVE N NOXIUOUS
E EXPLOSIVE P POISON
F FLAMMABLE S SPONTANOUSLY
COMBUSTIBLE OR
PHYROPHORIC
H HIGHLY IGNITABLE W IF WET GIVES OFF
POISONOUS OR FLAMMABLE
GAS
I IRRITANT / TEAR PRODUCING X OXIDIZER
L OTHER RISK LOW OR NONE

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 Table. Alphabetical List of Dangerous Goods with Drill Code (some examples)

UN No Drill Proper shipping name UN No Drill Proper shipping name

Code Code
1090 3H Acetone 2031 8L Nitric acid
1133 3L Adhesive 1072 2X Oxygen compressed
3065 3L Alcoholic beverages 3093 8X Corrosive liquid, oxidizing
2580 8L Aluminum bromide solution 3098 5C Oxidizing liquid
2794 8L Batteries, filled with acid 1357 3E Urea nitrate, wetted
1888 6A Chloroform
1954 10L Compressed gas, flammable
1044 2L Fire extinguisher
2623 3L Firelighter, solid
3316 9L First Aid Kits
1223 3L Kerosene

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MARKING and LABELING

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 3. MARKING & LABELING
 The shipper is responsible for marking and
labeling a package or overpack containing
dangerous goods.
 The operator is responsible only for
replacing labels which become detached
or unidentifiable during transport.
 There are two types of labels:
Hazard Labels and Handling Labels

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Example of marking and labeling: hazard labels &
handling labels.
Handling Labels – used to provide information on
the proper handling and stowage of packages of
dangerous goods.
Labeling of ULD containing dangerous goods.
 4. INSPECTION

 Inspection of Damaged Packages of Dangerous

Goods.
– Each package or overpack must be inspected and
found free from visible damage or leaks immediately
prior to being loaded aboard an aircraft or into a unit
load device (ULD).
– Immediately before loading on an aircraft, , ULD
containing dangerous goods must be inspected and
found free from any leakage and from any damage to
the packages of dangerous goods.

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– When unloading, each package and overpack
containing dangerous goods must be inspected for
leakage or damage. When the dangerous good have
been carried in a ULD, the place where the ULD was
stowed on the aircraft must be inspected for signs of
leakage after the ULD has been unloaded.
– Any package which appears to be leaking or damage
must not be loaded aboard an aircraft or a ULD. Any
such package found on board an aircraft must be
removed immediately. Remember, checking for
damaged packages of dangerous goods is an inherent
part of safety chain and should be constantly
monitored.

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 Handling in Case of Damage / Spillage
– If a package containing dangerous goods is found to
be leaking, it shall be off-loaded and excluded from
outward transportation. Packages of the same
shipment shall be inspected for similar defects and
off-loaded if necessary. All other packages which have
been stained or affected by the damage package(s)
shall also be off-loaded.
– If damage or spillage of a package containing
dangerous goods is noticed on board of an aircraft or
during loading / unloading, immediate action must be
taken in accordance with company or airport
procedures.

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– When shipments containing infectious substances
(RIS) are found leaking or damaged, following
procedures shall be followed:
 handling of the package(s) concerned must be avoided or
kept to a minimum; adjacent packages must be inspected for
contamination and any that may have been contaminated
must be put aside;
 the appropriate Public Health Authority or veterinary
authority shall be notified immediately;
 all persons who have been involved in loading or unloading
activities must be informed immediately because of danger
concerning health. The station manager and cargo
departments of all line sections involved with the shipment
shall be informed by teletype message accordingly;
 the consignor and consignee must be informed.

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– In case of damage to shipments containing
radioactive material (RRW, RRY), personnel shall stay
a minimum of 25 m (27 feet) away from the package
in order to avoid exposure to radiation or
contamination. The competent authority shall be
notified.

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 5. STORAGE & LOADING

 Other than standard warehousing procedures,

which require care in storage of all shipments,
some classes of dangerous goods require special
storage provisions. Among those are:
1. Radioactive Materials.
2. Organic Peroxides of Div. 5.2 and Self-
Reactive Substances of Div. 4.1.

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3. Loading restrictions on Flight Deck and for
Passenger Aircraft.
4. Loading on Cargo Aircraft.
5. Storage and Loading of Incompatible Dangerous
Goods.
6. Loading of Excepted Dangerous Goods.
7. Storage and Loading of Packages Containing
Liquid Dangerous Goods.
8. Storage and Loading of Poisonous (Toxic) and
Infectious Substances.

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9. Loading of Radioactive Materials.
10. Loading of magnetized materials.
11. Loading of Dry Ice.
12. Loading of Expandable Polystyrene Beads.
13. Loading of Self-inflating Life-Raft or Aircraft
Survival Kit or Aircraft Evacuation Slide.
14. Loading of Live Animal with Dangerous Goods.
15. Securing of Dangerous Goods.

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Loading on Cargo Aircraft
Storage and loading of incompatible dangerous
goods.
Loading of radioactive materials.
Securing dangerous goods.
6. PROVISIONS OF INFORMATION
 It is essential that pertinent information
regarding shipments of dangerous goods
be passed to all employees involved in the
transport of such shipments. In the
respect, as in every other area of
importance, it is better to advised twice
than not to be advised at all.

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 Information to Pilot-in-Command.
– An operator → written information concerning
the DG which are on board prior to departure;
“Special Load-Notification to Captain”.
– If a change in load and/or position →
recorded and written information to PIC.
 Reporting of Dangerous Goods Accidents
and Incidents.
– An operator must report to dangerous goods
accidents and incidents to the appropriate
authority of the State.
– Report it immediately to your supervisor.
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 Reporting of Undeclared or Mis-declared
Dangerous Goods.
– An operator must report any occasion when
undeclared or mis-declared goods are
discovered in cargo or when dangerous goods
not permitted are discovered in passengers’
baggage.

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