THE OIL & GAS

ENGINEERING
GUIDE
Engineering writes the music that will then be
played by all project functions
The execution of a turn-key Project for an industrial facility consists of three
main activities:
 Engineering
 Procurement
 Construction
which are followed by Commissioning and Start-Up.

Project

Engineering Procurement Construction

 Designs the facilities Purchases all Installs all
 Produces the list, specifications equipment and equipment and
and data sheets of all materials based on materials purchased
equipment and materials the lists and by Procurement as
 Issues all drawings required to specifications per the erection
erect them at the construction prepared by drawings produced
site. Engineering. by Engineering.
Engineering of a facility is done in two different steps:
 Conceptual Engineering (The Basic Engineering or FEED)
 Execution Engineering (The Detailed Engineering).
Basic Engineering Design (FEED) takes place before any
purchasing process and defines:
 The process scheme
 The main equipment
 The overall plot plan
 The architecture of systems

Basic Engineering stops with the issue of the main documents:

 The Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
 The overall layout of the plant (plot plant)
 The specification of the main equipment
 The Electrical distribution diagram
 The Process Control system architecture drawing.
Detailed Engineering takes place during the actual project execution
phase.

 Producing all documents necessary to purchase and erect all plant

equipment.
 Producing the specifications and bill of all quantities for all
equipment and materials.
 Producing all detailed installation drawings.
 Integrates vendor information

Purchasing of equipment actually takes place in this phase

Engineering is split into various disciplines, the main ones are:

Project

Engineering Procurement Construction

Instrumentation & Control Layout & Piping Process Equipment Electrical Civil HSE

The disciplines are coordinated by the Engineering Manager who, like an

architect for a building project, ensures consistency between the trades.
Thousands of documents and drawings are issued by Engineering on a
typical Project.
 There are many inter-dependencies between these documents. For
instance, piping routing drawings are issued after the process diagram is
defined, etc.
 A given document will usually be issued several times, at different stages.
Typically, a document is first issued for internal review (IFR) of the other
disciplines, then to the client for approval (IFA), then for design (IFD)
and ultimately, for construction (IFC).
 Most of the documents will also undergo revisions to incorporate the
necessary changes or additional details as the design progresses.
 A document numbering system is put in place. Document numbers
include, besides a serial number, discipline and document type codes.
This allows quick identification of the issuing discipline and nature of
document.
 An Engineering Document Register is maintained to show at any time
the list and current revision of all documents.
Document
number