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by
Dr. Tariq Usmani
Department of Geography
Shibli National P.G.College , Azamgarh
E-mail: tariqmahmoodusmani@gmail.com
Origin of the word…”ecology”
Greek origin
OIKOS = household
LOGOS = study of…
AND…
Living organisms…
Plants
Animals
microorganisms in soil, etc.
To study Ecology involves…
For non-living For living
(abiotic) (biotic)
Climatology animal
Hydrology behavior
Taxonomy
Oceanography
Physiology
Physics
mathematics
Chemistry
(population
Geology
studies)
soil analysis, etc. etc.
Ecology…
views each locale as an integrated whole
of interdependent parts that function as a
unit.
caribou
tundra
The interdependent parts are…
Nonliving
dead organic
matter
nutrients in the
soil and water.
Producers
Tundra green plants
Consumers
herbivores and
carnivores
Decomposers
fungi and
bacteria
Tundra
Caribou
ECOLOGY:
Levels of Organization
- a hierarchy of organization
in the environment
Levels of organization - Terms
Biosphere
Surface of the earth
Composed of many ecosystems
Ecosystem
Large or small as we decide
Backyard, O’Melveney Park, Hedge along Room
110, etc.
Levels of organization - Terms