Pipe Supports Guide

Pipe Supports & Dynamic
Restraints:
An Overview
19th Apr, 2017
Faraaz Saeed
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)
Contents
Introduction
• What is Piping Support ?
• Objectives of Piping Support
Types of Pipe Support Elements
• Rigid Hanger
• Rigid Supports
• Spring Support / Hanger
• Rigid Strut
• Snubber
• Sway Brace
Case Study (Sway brace)
References

2 | 19th Apr, 2017 | Pipe Supports & Dynamic Restraints: An Overview | Faraaz Saeed
Introduction

What is Piping Support ?
Piping Support is a term that collectively represents Supports and Restraints
• Support / Rigid hanger

Used to support the weight of the pipe including weight
due to pipe material, fluid within the pipe, insulation,
snow etc.
• Restraints
Used to restrict/control the movement of pipe due to thermal
displacement, occasional loads, vibrations.

Objectives of Piping Support
As per ASME B31.3 (321.1.1), Objectives of piping support is to prevent the following:
• Piping stresses in excess of those permitted in the code

• Leakage at joints
• Excessive thrusts and moments on connected equipment
• Excessive stresses in the supporting element
• Resonance with imposed or fluid-induced vibrations
• Excessive interference with thermal expansion and contraction in piping, which is otherwise
adequately flexible
• Unintentional disengagement of piping from its supports
• Excessive sag in piping during drainage slope
• Excessive distortion or sag of piping (eg. Thermoplastics) subject to creep under conditions of repeated
thermal cycling
• Excessive heat flow, exposing supporting elements to temperature extremes outside their design limits

Types of Pipe Support
Elements

Rigid Hanger
• Sustains the pipe weight from above

• Load always in tension (slender rod can be used)
• Should not be used if there is a lifting tendency in pipe
• Slanting angle should be limited to 4º

Rigid Supports
a) Direct resting:
− Pipe directly rests on the structure
− Most economical and simplest technique
− Can be used for bare(uninsulated) pipes
− Wear pad is required for large diameter and thin wall piping (to reduce bearing stress)

Rigid Supports

Rigid Supports
b) Clamped shoes
− Clamped shoes are used when pipe cannot be directly rested on the structure.
− Various types of shoes can be used depending on the pipe size:
Pipe size shoe type

Up to 8” Inverted T-bar
10” to 36” H-type shoe(made from plates)
Above 36” Saddle / Ring Girder
− Standard allowable loads for clamp shoes are given in UN 3790-01 and UN-3786-01
− When induced loads for clamp shoe exceed the allowable loads, welded shoe or trunnion
(explained later) needs to be used.

Rigid Supports
Inverted T-bar type shoe made from Pipe Saddle support

shoe plates [ Above 36”]
[ Up to 8”] [10” to 36”]

Rigid Supports
− Material consideration for clamp shoes based on pipe material
Pipe Material Clamp shoe material

Carbon Steel (temperature < 300ºC) Carbon steel shoe clamp
Alloy Steel (temperature > 300ºC) Alloy steel shoe clamp
Stainless Steel Carbon steel/Alloy steel shoe clamp
with SS sheet liner wrapped on the
pipe

Rigid Supports
c) Welded Shoe
− Shoe is welded directly to the pipe.
− Much higher Strength than clamp shoes.
(eg. For 8” steel clamp shoe: Flateral = 4450 N

Faxial = 14150 N
For 8” welded clam shoe : Flateral = Faxial = Fvertical = 25000N)
− Standardized by department.

Rigid Supports
d) Trunnion
− Made of pipe material
− Size of trunnion is generally 1 size higher than half of main pipe size
− Used for supporting elbows and also in vertical pipes for resting if riser allowable is not
sufficient
− It can also be used for supporting horizontal pipe length when use of shoe is not
feasible/practical
− FEA calculations need to be carried out for design
− Maximum trunnion length allowed = 500mm

Spring Support/Hanger
• Spring is required to support the pipe in case of lifting of pipe support

or excessive vertical force on support.
• Variability factor :
− Defined by MSS SP-58 as:
𝑵
𝑷𝒊𝒑𝒆 𝑻𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒍 𝒎𝒎 𝐗 𝑺𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑹𝒂𝒕𝒆 ( )
𝒎𝒎
𝑽𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒃𝒊𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 =
𝑶𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅 (𝑵)
− Variability Factor: upto 25% for non critical system

upto 6% for critical system (eg. Pipe connected
to rotating equipment)
• Variability factor is also calculated as Load variation in the system:
𝑯𝒐𝒕 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 −𝑪𝒐𝒍𝒅 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅
− Load variation = Variability factor =
𝑯𝒐𝒕 𝑳𝒐𝒂𝒅

a) Variable Effort Spring Support/Hanger:

• Consists of a simple compression spring directly loaded with the weight of piping system
• It exerts a reaction force which varies with the amount of displacement
• Generally maximum Spring travel should be limited to 50mm
• It is preferred to have operating load at the centre of travel range of selected spring
• Piping system is cold balanced unless otherwise specified

b) Constant Effort Spring Support/Hanger:

• It is used in cases where no load variation is required (eg. Support near turbine/compressor)
• When load variation exceeds 25% or spring travel exceeds 50mm, constant spring is used
• It exerts a constant reaction force irrespective of the displacement of pipe.
• Travel range of selected spring should be 25% higher than max. operating displacement and
not less than 25mm in any case


Rigid Strut
• It consists of a compressive column with two rotational joints

• Unlike a tie rod, it can take both tensile and compressive loads
but is generally used for tensile load only
• Welding clevis and stiff clamps are used as attachments
• Main Application:
Rigid struts can be used as a substitute for guide/limit stop
in following cases:
− When friction is undesirable (For qualifying nozzle loads in
turbine/compressor systems)
− It can also be used when there is no suitable support
structure nearby.

Snubber
• Absorbs sudden shock loads such as earthquake

and water hammer along the snubber axis
• Allows gradual thermal movement of pipe along
the snubber axis but resists sudden load.
• Access to lubrication and inspection points must
be considered during design and installation Hydraulic Snubber
• Over travel of 10mm or 10% of maximum travel

is provided at either ends, whichever is higher
• 2 types:
− Hydraulic Snubber
− Mechanical Snubber
Mechanical Snubber

Snubber
Hydraulic Snubber Mechanical Snubber

Require regular inspection and change of Simply lubricated prior to installation.
hydraulic fluid to prevent air from entering Inspection requires physical testing to ensure
the cylinder and blocking the valves functionality
Hydraulic cylinder should be isolated from They are preferred over hydraulic snubbers in
high temperature to prevent expansion of case of high temperature
hydraulic fluid
Comparatively less expensive Much more expensive than Hydraulic Snubber

Sway Brace
• It consists of a double acting variable spring and

can handle both tensile and compressive load
• It is used to limit the ‘sway’ or vibration in pipe
due to external forces
• It is only used to restraint the piping and is not
meant to take the weight of piping.
• It doesn’t allow any pipe movement if the applied
force is less than the pre-set force within the spring
• Neutral adjustment is required after installation
if the pipe has thermal movement
• Maximum allowable travel should be 75mm in
either direction unless otherwise specified.

Sway Brace
TENSION
COMPRESION
L2 L2

Case Study

Case Study (Sway Brace-IOCL Paradip) N
2- phase flow
38.7m
34.1m
26.85m
21.65m
Operating weight of equipment = 2037.8

ton
MAXIMUM STRUCTURE SWAY
(mm)
Elevation
E-W N-S
(m)
38.7 53.941 72.888
34.1 49.028 64.894
0.00m (Grade) 26.85 43.640 52.344
21.65 33.919 39.722

References
• ASME B31.3
• MSS SP-58
• PIN-LES-PIP-7020 (General Engineering Specification for Piping Flexibility)
• Pipe Stress Engineering (L.C Peng & Alvin Peng)


Pipe Supports Guide

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Исходное описание:

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Pipe Supports Guide

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Pipe Supports & Dynamic

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Piping Support is a term that collectively represents Supports and Restraints

• Support / Rigid hanger

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• Piping stresses in excess of those permitted in the code

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• Sustains the pipe weight from above

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Pipe size shoe type

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Inverted T-bar type shoe made from Pipe Saddle support

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

− Material consideration for clamp shoes based on pipe material

Pipe Material Clamp shoe material

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

(eg. For 8” steel clamp shoe: Flateral = 4450 N

For 8” welded clam shoe : Flateral = Faxial = Fvertical = 25000N)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• Spring is required to support the pipe in case of lifting of pipe support

− Variability Factor: upto 25% for non critical system

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

a) Variable Effort Spring Support/Hanger:

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

b) Constant Effort Spring Support/Hanger:

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• It consists of a compressive column with two rotational joints

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• Absorbs sudden shock loads such as earthquake

• Over travel of 10mm or 10% of maximum travel

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Hydraulic Snubber Mechanical Snubber

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

• It consists of a double acting variable spring and

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Operating weight of equipment = 2037.8

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions (India)

Вам также может понравиться