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TUBEWELL
1
CONTENTS
Design of Production Well
• What is a Production Well and Type
• Components of Production Well
• Factor to be Considered in Design
• Design of Screen
• Design of Housing Pipe
• Design of Gravel Pack
Installation
• Drilling
• Lowering
• Gravel Packing
• Clay sealing
• Development
• Pump Testing
• Capping
2
WHAT IS A PRODUCTION WELL
A Well installed in a water bearing
aquifer which produces large volume of
water per hour, depending on
requirement, by a motorized pump.
3
Types of well
a) Vertical Well
b) Horizontal /Lateral well
4
COM PONENT OF PRODU CTION WELL
Pump-Motor
Housing Pipe
Blind/Casing Pipe
Gravel Packing
Strainer
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F A C T O R T O B E C O N S ID E R E D IN D E S IG N
6
Unconfined Aquifer Confined Aquifer
r R R
r
SWL SWL
H H
PWL PWL
h
h
b
7
Some Basic Ideas on Geology and Hydro-geology
Hydrological Cycle
Use of Source
- Surface water
- Groundwater
Extraction of
Groundwater now
becoming non –
renewable source
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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y
An o t he r Risk in t he Wat e r C y c le
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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y
Aqu if e r
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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y
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S o m e b asic p aram e t e rs o n g ro u n d w at e r h yd rau lic s
re qu ire d in d e sig n in g Pro d u c tio n W ell
• S tat ic W at e r Leve l
• Pu m p in g W at e r Leve l
• Draw d o w n
• S p ec if ic C ap ac it y o f th e w ell
• C o n e o f In flu e n c e
• Tran sm issivit y C o -e f f ic ie n t
• S to rag e C o -e f f ic ie n t
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S TE PS IN DE S IG N IN G A PRO DU C TIO N W E LL
S train e r
• To Kn o w h yd ro -g e o lo g ic al c o n d it io n o f th e
are a fro m o th er so u rc e s
• C o n d u c t in g Test Drillin g
• Pre p arat io n o f B o rin g Lo g
• G e o p hysic al E le c t ric Lo g g in g
• Testin g o f W at e r Qu alit y
• S ele c t io n o f g o o d aqu if e r
• S ie ve An alysis o f san d sam p le
• G rave l p ac k d e sig n
• Fixin g th ic kn ess o f g rave l p ac k ( 150 m m to
200 m m )
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S train e r
• Det e rm in at io n o f S lo t o p e n in g
• S ele c t io n o f strain e r typ e
• S ele c t io n o f d iam e t e r o f strain e r
b ase d o n u p -h o le velo c it y
1.52 m /sec
• Fin d in g o p e n are a p er m e t e r o f
strain e r
• Fixin g sc re e n le n g th ( en t ran c e
velo c it y
0.33 m /s
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S TE PS IN DE S IG N IN G A PRO DU C TIO N W E LL
H O U S IN G PIPE
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Test Tubewell of dia 38 mm
Steps
1. Determination of Depth
2. Selection of drilling method
3. Soil sample collection
4. Preparation of boring log
5. Conduct geophysical electric logging
6. Selection of screen location
7. Lowering of screen and pipe with pump
8. Development
9. Water sample collection
10.Testing water quality at laboratory
11. Soil analysis (Sieve analysis) at laboratory
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Deep depth
Test Tubewell
Shallow depth
Sludger Method
Sample Collection
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19
Geophysical Electric Logging
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DESIGN OF A WELL
21
120
40
20
0
0 0.5 1 1.5
22
GRAVEL PACK DESIGN
1. T ake a p o in t 4
120
tim e s o f 70%
retain e d.
100
2. D raw a c urve o n
trial & erro r basis so
that the unifo rm ity
80
c o e ffic ie n t is < 2.5
3. Unifo rm ity
60
c o e ffic ie n t =
D 40/D 90 (R e tain e d)
4. O p e n in g at 90%
40
retain e d is the slo t
o p e n in g o f the
20 strain e r
0
0 0.5 1 1.5
23
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
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U =1.55, U= 1.70, U= 2.11
110
100
90
80
Cumulative percent Retained
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Opening in mm
25
Installation
• Drilling
• Lowering
• Gravel Packing
• Clay sealing
• Development
• Pump Testing
• Capping
26
Drilling Methods
1. Cable tool method
2. Water Jetting method
3. Direct Rotary Method
4. Reverse Rotary Method
27
28
Fixture Installation
- Sand trap
- Screen with
centralizer
- Blind pipe
- Reducer
- Housing pipe
- Shrouding Material
Jointing must be perfect, properly welded and as far as
possible keep vertical.
Shrouding materials should be cleaned and over &
under sized particle must be sieved out.
29
Alert
During drilling
and installation
sufficient care
should be taken to
avoid side caving.
When necessary
Casing pipe must
be used to protect
caving.
30
Steps:
Development 1. Clean mud and dart by
pumping
2. Over pumping successively
Purposes increased to 2 times higher
- To stabilize the than the design discharge
formation 3. Compressed air for pumping
- Create more porosity and back surging
4. Clean by over pumping
around the screen 5. Chemical treatment if yield is
Methods: not to desire level
- Over pumping and 6. Repeat Chemical treatment
backwashing 7. Final over pumping up to 2
- Mechanical Surging times higher than the design
discharge
- Surging with air 8. Every time observe SWL, PWL
- Hydraulic Jetting and discharge– this will
- Using dispersing agents indicate stage of development
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Pumping Test
32
Checking
Points
1. Static Water
Level
2. Pumping
Water Level
3. Height of
Piezometer
level
Oo
35
Reference for
Production
tubewell design
and installation
36
37
Thanks
38