Group 4

“Controlling”

By:Yu,Moral,Manal,Mendoza
 • Controlling is an end function
-A function once the performances
Features of are made after confirming the plan

Controlling • Controlling is a pervasive action

functions - This means it should be

performed by managers in all
levels and all types of concerns
• Controlling is forward looking
-because effective control is not
possible without past being
controlled. Controlling always look
to future so that follow-up can be
made whenever required.

• Controlling is a dynamic
process
-since controlling requires taking
reviewal methods, changes have
to be made wherever possible.
• Controlling is related with
planning
-Planning and Controlling are two
inseperable functions of
management. Without planning,
controlling is a meaningless
exercise and without controlling,
planning is useless. Planning
presupposes controlling and
controlling succeeds planning.
 • Establishment of standards-
Process of - Standards are the plans or the
targets which have to be achieved
controlling in the course of business function.
• Measurement of performance-

1. Attitude of the workers,

2. Their morale to work,
3. The development in the
attitudes regarding the
physical environment,
and
4. Their communication
with the superiors.
• Comparison of actual and
standard performance
- Deviation can be defined as the
gap between actual performance
and the planned targets.
-Once the deviation is identified, a
manager has to think about
various cause which has led to
deviation. The causes can be-
1. Erroneous planning,
2. Co-ordination loosens,
3. Implementation of plans is
defective, and
4. Supervision and
communication is
ineffective, etc.
• Taking remedial actions-
- Once the causes and extent of
deviations are known, the manager has
to detect those errors and take remedial
measures for it. There are two
alternatives here-
1. Taking corrective measures for
deviations which have occurred;
and
2. After taking the corrective
measures, if the actual
performance is not in
conformity with plans, the
manager can revise the targets.
It is here the controlling process
comes to an end. Follow up is an
important step because it is only
through taking corrective
measures, a manager can
exercise controlling.
 • Increasing size of business
• Motivation for efficient
employees
• For complete discipline
Importance • Helpful in future planning
• Aids efficiency
of control • Decrease in risk
• Helpful in coordination
• Helpful in decentralisation
 1. Open/ closed loop control
– The Nature of the information flow
designed into the system
2. Man/Machine control systems
3 general – The kind of components included in
classsifications the design
3. Organizational/operational
of control control
– The relationship of control to the
design process